Glossary

Anisotropic: Directionally dependent
crs: Coordinate Reference System. A coordinate system, as defined by a relevant authority such as EPSG or SR-ORG, specified as a string with the authority and the code separated by a colon, for example 'EPSG:4326'.
crs_transform: A post transform for a crs, defined as a list of affine transformation parameters in row-major order [xScale, xShearing, xTranslation, yShearing, yScale, yTranslation]. See this reference for more information.
DEM: Digital Elevation Model
DN: Digital Number
DOY: Day Of Year
FIRMS: Fire Information for Resource Management System
google:registration_count: An image metadata property for the number of points found to be positionally consistent with a reference image known to be accurately registered. Numbers greater than 1000 indicate a good match.
google:registration_offset_*: The measured offset, in meters, between the image and a reference image known to be accurately registered.
Isotropic: Independent of direction
MODIS: MODerate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer
NIR: Near Infra-Red
NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. (NIR - red) / (NIR + red)
NDWI: Normalized Difference Water Index. (green - NIR) / (green + NIR)
SAD: Sistema de Alerta de Desmatamento
SD: Standard Deviation
system:time_start: The Earth Engine time stamp in milliseconds since the UNIX epoch. See this link for more information. The time stamp is set to the nominal image acquisition time for single scenes. It is set to the nominal composite start period for temporal composites.
system:time_end: See system:time_start. The ending time stamp is set to the nominal image acquisition time for single scenes. It is set to midnight on the day after the nominal composite end period for MODIS temporal composites.
USGS: United States Geological Survey
WRI: World Resources Institute