ChronoLocalDateTime

  • ChronoLocalDateTime is an interface for representing date-time information without a time-zone, supporting different calendar systems through Chronology, but LocalDateTime is recommended for most uses.

  • It provides methods for temporal adjustments, comparisons, and conversions, handling calendar-specific nuances through its Chronology.

  • ChronoLocalDateTime offers methods to add or subtract temporal units and amounts, query, and change specific temporal fields such as day or month, and also methods to check if a given field or unit is supported.

  • Methods such as isAfter, isBefore, and isEqual allow for comparisons, ignoring the chronology and focusing solely on the date and time components, and the timeLineOrder method does the same.

  • ChronoLocalDateTime offers a set of conversion methods to transform the object to various formats such as epoch second, instant, local date and local time, it also allows formating it into a string, and offers a TemporalAccessor conversion method.
public interface ChronoLocalDateTime implements Temporal TemporalAdjuster Comparable<ChronoLocalDateTime<?>>
Known Indirect Subclasses

A date-time without a time-zone in an arbitrary chronology, intended for advanced globalization use cases.

Most applications should declare method signatures, fields and variables as LocalDateTime, not this interface.

A ChronoLocalDateTime is the abstract representation of a local date-time where the Chronology chronology, or calendar system, is pluggable. The date-time is defined in terms of fields expressed by TemporalField, where most common implementations are defined in ChronoField. The chronology defines how the calendar system operates and the meaning of the standard fields.

When to use this interface

The design of the API encourages the use of LocalDateTime rather than this interface, even in the case where the application needs to deal with multiple calendar systems. The rationale for this is explored in detail in ChronoLocalDate.

Ensure that the discussion in ChronoLocalDate has been read and understood before using this interface.

Public Method Summary

Temporal
adjustInto(Temporal temporal)
Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same date and time as this object.
abstract ChronoZonedDateTime<D>
atZone(ZoneId zone)
Combines this time with a time-zone to create a ChronoZonedDateTime.
int
compareTo(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)
Compares this date-time to another date-time, including the chronology.
abstract boolean
equals(Object obj)
Checks if this date-time is equal to another date-time, including the chronology.
String
format(DateTimeFormatter formatter)
Formats this date-time using the specified formatter.
static ChronoLocalDateTime<?>
from(TemporalAccessor temporal)
Obtains an instance of ChronoLocalDateTime from a temporal object.
Chronology
getChronology()
Gets the chronology of this date-time.
abstract int
hashCode()
A hash code for this date-time.
boolean
isAfter(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)
Checks if this date-time is after the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.
boolean
isBefore(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)
Checks if this date-time is before the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.
boolean
isEqual(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)
Checks if this date-time is equal to the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.
boolean
isSupported(TemporalUnit unit)
Checks if the specified unit is supported.
abstract boolean
isSupported(TemporalField field)
Checks if the specified field is supported.
ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
minus(TemporalAmount amount)
Returns an object of the same type as this object with an amount subtracted.
ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit)
Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified period subtracted.
ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
plus(TemporalAmount amount)
Returns an object of the same type as this object with an amount added.
abstract ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit)
Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified period added.
<R> R
query(TemporalQuery<R> query)
Queries this date-time using the specified query.
static Comparator<ChronoLocalDateTime<?>>
timeLineOrder()
Gets a comparator that compares ChronoLocalDateTime in time-line order ignoring the chronology.
long
toEpochSecond(ZoneOffset offset)
Converts this date-time to the number of seconds from the epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
Instant
toInstant(ZoneOffset offset)
Converts this date-time to an Instant.
abstract D
toLocalDate()
Gets the local date part of this date-time.
abstract LocalTime
toLocalTime()
Gets the local time part of this date-time.
abstract String
toString()
Outputs this date-time as a String.
abstract ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
with(TemporalField field, long newValue)
Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified field altered.
ChronoLocalDateTime<D>
with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster)
Returns an adjusted object of the same type as this object with the adjustment made.

Inherited Method Summary

Public Methods

public Temporal adjustInto (Temporal temporal)

Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same date and time as this object.

This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input with the date and time changed to be the same as this.

The adjustment is equivalent to using Temporal.with(TemporalField, long) twice, passing ChronoField.EPOCH_DAY and ChronoField.NANO_OF_DAY as the fields.

In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using Temporal.with(TemporalAdjuster): 

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisLocalDateTime.adjustInto(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.with(thisLocalDateTime);

This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.

Parameters
temporal the target object to be adjusted, not null
Returns
  • the adjusted object, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs

public abstract ChronoZonedDateTime<D> atZone (ZoneId zone)

Combines this time with a time-zone to create a ChronoZonedDateTime.

This returns a ChronoZonedDateTime formed from this date-time at the specified time-zone. The result will match this date-time as closely as possible. Time-zone rules, such as daylight savings, mean that not every local date-time is valid for the specified zone, thus the local date-time may be adjusted.

The local date-time is resolved to a single instant on the time-line. This is achieved by finding a valid offset from UTC/Greenwich for the local date-time as defined by the rules of the zone ID.

In most cases, there is only one valid offset for a local date-time. In the case of an overlap, where clocks are set back, there are two valid offsets. This method uses the earlier offset typically corresponding to "summer".

In the case of a gap, where clocks jump forward, there is no valid offset. Instead, the local date-time is adjusted to be later by the length of the gap. For a typical one hour daylight savings change, the local date-time will be moved one hour later into the offset typically corresponding to "summer".

To obtain the later offset during an overlap, call ChronoZonedDateTime.withLaterOffsetAtOverlap() on the result of this method.

Parameters
zone the time-zone to use, not null
Returns
  • the zoned date-time formed from this date-time, not null

public int compareTo (ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)

Compares this date-time to another date-time, including the chronology.

The comparison is based first on the underlying time-line date-time, then on the chronology. It is "consistent with equals", as defined by Comparable.

For example, the following is the comparator order:

  1. 2012-12-03T12:00 (ISO)
  2. 2012-12-04T12:00 (ISO)
  3. 2555-12-04T12:00 (ThaiBuddhist)
  4. 2012-12-05T12:00 (ISO)
Values #2 and #3 represent the same date-time on the time-line. When two values represent the same date-time, the chronology ID is compared to distinguish them. This step is needed to make the ordering "consistent with equals".

If all the date-time objects being compared are in the same chronology, then the additional chronology stage is not required and only the local date-time is used.

This default implementation performs the comparison defined above.

Parameters
other the other date-time to compare to, not null
Returns
  • the comparator value, negative if less, positive if greater

public abstract boolean equals (Object obj)

Checks if this date-time is equal to another date-time, including the chronology.

Compares this date-time with another ensuring that the date-time and chronology are the same.

Parameters
obj the object to check, null returns false
Returns
  • true if this is equal to the other date

public String format (DateTimeFormatter formatter)

Formats this date-time using the specified formatter.

This date-time will be passed to the formatter to produce a string.

The default implementation must behave as follows: 

  return formatter.format(this);

Parameters
formatter the formatter to use, not null
Returns
  • the formatted date-time string, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if an error occurs during printing

public static ChronoLocalDateTime<?> from (TemporalAccessor temporal)

Obtains an instance of ChronoLocalDateTime from a temporal object.

This obtains a local date-time based on the specified temporal. A TemporalAccessor represents an arbitrary set of date and time information, which this factory converts to an instance of ChronoLocalDateTime.

The conversion extracts and combines the chronology and the date-time from the temporal object. The behavior is equivalent to using Chronology.localDateTime(TemporalAccessor) with the extracted chronology. Implementations are permitted to perform optimizations such as accessing those fields that are equivalent to the relevant objects.

This method matches the signature of the functional interface TemporalQuery allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, ChronoLocalDateTime::from.

Parameters
temporal the temporal object to convert, not null
Returns
  • the date-time, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to convert to a ChronoLocalDateTime
See Also

public Chronology getChronology ()

Gets the chronology of this date-time.

The Chronology represents the calendar system in use. The era and other fields in ChronoField are defined by the chronology.

Returns
  • the chronology, not null

public abstract int hashCode ()

A hash code for this date-time.

Returns
  • a suitable hash code

public boolean isAfter (ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)

Checks if this date-time is after the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.

This method differs from the comparison in Comparable.compareTo(T) in that it only compares the underlying date-time and not the chronology. This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based on the time-line position.

This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day and nano-of-day.

Parameters
other the other date-time to compare to, not null
Returns
  • true if this is after the specified date-time

public boolean isBefore (ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)

Checks if this date-time is before the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.

This method differs from the comparison in Comparable.compareTo(T) in that it only compares the underlying date-time and not the chronology. This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based on the time-line position.

This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day and nano-of-day.

Parameters
other the other date-time to compare to, not null
Returns
  • true if this is before the specified date-time

public boolean isEqual (ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other)

Checks if this date-time is equal to the specified date-time ignoring the chronology.

This method differs from the comparison in Comparable.compareTo(T) in that it only compares the underlying date and time and not the chronology. This allows date-times in different calendar systems to be compared based on the time-line position.

This default implementation performs the comparison based on the epoch-day and nano-of-day.

Parameters
other the other date-time to compare to, not null
Returns
  • true if the underlying date-time is equal to the specified date-time on the timeline

public boolean isSupported (TemporalUnit unit)

Checks if the specified unit is supported.

This checks if the specified unit can be added to or subtracted from this date-time. If false, then calling the plus(long, TemporalUnit) and minus methods will throw an exception.

The set of supported units is defined by the chronology and normally includes all ChronoUnit units except FOREVER.

If the unit is not a ChronoUnit, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy(Temporal) passing this as the argument. Whether the unit is supported is determined by the unit.

Parameters
unit the unit to check, null returns false
Returns
  • true if the unit can be added/subtracted, false if not

public abstract boolean isSupported (TemporalField field)

Checks if the specified field is supported.

This checks if the specified field can be queried on this date-time. If false, then calling the range, get and with(TemporalField, long) methods will throw an exception.

The set of supported fields is defined by the chronology and normally includes all ChronoField date and time fields.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.

Parameters
field the field to check, null returns false
Returns
  • true if the field can be queried, false if not

public ChronoLocalDateTime<D> minus (TemporalAmount amount)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with an amount subtracted.

This adjusts this temporal, subtracting according to the rules of the specified amount. The amount is typically a Period but may be any other type implementing the TemporalAmount interface, such as Duration.

Some example code indicating how and why this method is used: 

  date = date.minus(period);               // subtract a Period instance
  date = date.minus(duration);             // subtract a Duration instance
  date = date.minus(workingDays(6));       // example user-written workingDays method

Note that calling plus followed by minus is not guaranteed to return the same date-time.

Parameters
amount the amount to subtract, not null
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified adjustment made, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException

public ChronoLocalDateTime<D> minus (long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified period subtracted.

This method returns a new object based on this one with the specified period subtracted. For example, on a LocalDate, this could be used to subtract a number of years, months or days. The returned object will have the same observable type as this object.

In some cases, changing a field is not fully defined. For example, if the target object is a date representing the 31st March, then subtracting one month would be unclear. In cases like this, the field is responsible for resolving the result. Typically it will choose the previous valid date, which would be the last valid day of February in this example.

Parameters
amountToSubtract the amount of the specified unit to subtract, may be negative
unit the unit of the amount to subtract, not null
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified period subtracted, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException

public ChronoLocalDateTime<D> plus (TemporalAmount amount)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with an amount added.

This adjusts this temporal, adding according to the rules of the specified amount. The amount is typically a Period but may be any other type implementing the TemporalAmount interface, such as Duration.

Some example code indicating how and why this method is used: 

  date = date.plus(period);                // add a Period instance
  date = date.plus(duration);              // add a Duration instance
  date = date.plus(workingDays(6));        // example user-written workingDays method

Note that calling plus followed by minus is not guaranteed to return the same date-time.

Parameters
amount the amount to add, not null
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified adjustment made, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException

public abstract ChronoLocalDateTime<D> plus (long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified period added.

This method returns a new object based on this one with the specified period added. For example, on a LocalDate, this could be used to add a number of years, months or days. The returned object will have the same observable type as this object.

In some cases, changing a field is not fully defined. For example, if the target object is a date representing the 31st January, then adding one month would be unclear. In cases like this, the field is responsible for resolving the result. Typically it will choose the previous valid date, which would be the last valid day of February in this example.

Parameters
amountToAdd the amount of the specified unit to add, may be negative
unit the unit of the amount to add, not null
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified period added, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException

public R query (TemporalQuery<R> query)

Queries this date-time using the specified query.

This queries this date-time using the specified query strategy object. The TemporalQuery object defines the logic to be used to obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand what the result of this method will be.

The result of this method is obtained by invoking the TemporalQuery.queryFrom(TemporalAccessor) method on the specified query passing this as the argument.

Parameters
query the query to invoke, not null
Returns
  • the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)

public static Comparator<ChronoLocalDateTime<?>> timeLineOrder ()

Gets a comparator that compares ChronoLocalDateTime in time-line order ignoring the chronology.

This comparator differs from the comparison in Comparable.compareTo(T) in that it only compares the underlying date-time and not the chronology. This allows dates in different calendar systems to be compared based on the position of the date-time on the local time-line. The underlying comparison is equivalent to comparing the epoch-day and nano-of-day.

Returns
  • a comparator that compares in time-line order ignoring the chronology
See Also

public long toEpochSecond (ZoneOffset offset)

Converts this date-time to the number of seconds from the epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.

This combines this local date-time and the specified offset to calculate the epoch-second value, which is the number of elapsed seconds from 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z. Instants on the time-line after the epoch are positive, earlier are negative.

This default implementation calculates from the epoch-day of the date and the second-of-day of the time.

Parameters
offset the offset to use for the conversion, not null
Returns
  • the number of seconds from the epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z

public Instant toInstant (ZoneOffset offset)

Converts this date-time to an Instant.

This combines this local date-time and the specified offset to form an Instant.

This default implementation calculates from the epoch-day of the date and the second-of-day of the time.

Parameters
offset the offset to use for the conversion, not null
Returns
  • an Instant representing the same instant, not null

public abstract D toLocalDate ()

Gets the local date part of this date-time.

This returns a local date with the same year, month and day as this date-time.

Returns
  • the date part of this date-time, not null

public abstract LocalTime toLocalTime ()

Gets the local time part of this date-time.

This returns a local time with the same hour, minute, second and nanosecond as this date-time.

Returns
  • the time part of this date-time, not null

public abstract String toString ()

Outputs this date-time as a String.

The output will include the full local date-time.

Returns
  • a string representation of this date-time, not null

public abstract ChronoLocalDateTime<D> with (TemporalField field, long newValue)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified field altered.

This returns a new object based on this one with the value for the specified field changed. For example, on a LocalDate, this could be used to set the year, month or day-of-month. The returned object will have the same observable type as this object.

In some cases, changing a field is not fully defined. For example, if the target object is a date representing the 31st January, then changing the month to February would be unclear. In cases like this, the field is responsible for resolving the result. Typically it will choose the previous valid date, which would be the last valid day of February in this example.

Parameters
field the field to set in the result, not null
newValue the new value of the field in the result
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified field set, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException

public ChronoLocalDateTime<D> with (TemporalAdjuster adjuster)

Returns an adjusted object of the same type as this object with the adjustment made.

This adjusts this date-time according to the rules of the specified adjuster. A simple adjuster might simply set the one of the fields, such as the year field. A more complex adjuster might set the date to the last day of the month. A selection of common adjustments is provided in TemporalAdjusters. These include finding the "last day of the month" and "next Wednesday". The adjuster is responsible for handling special cases, such as the varying lengths of month and leap years.

Some example code indicating how and why this method is used: 

  date = date.with(Month.JULY);        // most key classes implement TemporalAdjuster
  date = date.with(lastDayOfMonth());  // static import from Adjusters
  date = date.with(next(WEDNESDAY));   // static import from Adjusters and DayOfWeek

Parameters
adjuster the adjuster to use, not null
Returns
  • an object of the same type with the specified adjustment made, not null
Throws
DateTimeException
ArithmeticException