ZoneOffset

public final class ZoneOffset extends ZoneId
implements TemporalAccessor TemporalAdjuster Comparable<ZoneOffset> Serializable

A time-zone offset from Greenwich/UTC, such as +02:00.

A time-zone offset is the amount of time that a time-zone differs from Greenwich/UTC. This is usually a fixed number of hours and minutes.

Different parts of the world have different time-zone offsets. The rules for how offsets vary by place and time of year are captured in the ZoneId class.

For example, Paris is one hour ahead of Greenwich/UTC in winter and two hours ahead in summer. The ZoneId instance for Paris will reference two ZoneOffset instances - a +01:00 instance for winter, and a +02:00 instance for summer.

In 2008, time-zone offsets around the world extended from -12:00 to +14:00. To prevent any problems with that range being extended, yet still provide validation, the range of offsets is restricted to -18:00 to 18:00 inclusive.

This class is designed for use with the ISO calendar system. The fields of hours, minutes and seconds make assumptions that are valid for the standard ISO definitions of those fields. This class may be used with other calendar systems providing the definition of the time fields matches those of the ISO calendar system.

Instances of ZoneOffset must be compared using equals(Object). Implementations may choose to cache certain common offsets, however applications must not rely on such caching.

Field Summary

public static final ZoneOffset MAX Constant for the maximum supported offset.
public static final ZoneOffset MIN Constant for the maximum supported offset.
public static final ZoneOffset UTC The time-zone offset for UTC, with an ID of 'Z'.

Inherited Field Summary

Public Method Summary

Temporal
adjustInto(Temporal temporal)
Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same offset as this object.
int
compareTo(ZoneOffset other)
Compares this offset to another offset in descending order.
boolean
equals(Object obj)
Checks if this offset is equal to another offset.
static ZoneOffset
from(TemporalAccessor temporal)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset from a temporal object.
int
get(TemporalField field)
Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as an int.
String
getId()
Gets the normalized zone offset ID.
long
getLong(TemporalField field)
Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as a long.
ZoneRules
getRules()
Gets the associated time-zone rules.
int
getTotalSeconds()
Gets the total zone offset in seconds.
int
hashCode()
A hash code for this offset.
boolean
isSupported(TemporalField field)
Checks if the specified field is supported.
static ZoneOffset
of(String offsetId)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using the ID.
static ZoneOffset
ofHours(int hours)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours.
static ZoneOffset
ofHoursMinutes(int hours, int minutes)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours and minutes.
static ZoneOffset
ofHoursMinutesSeconds(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours, minutes and seconds.
static ZoneOffset
ofTotalSeconds(int totalSeconds)
Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset specifying the total offset in seconds

The offset must be in the range -18:00 to +18:00, which corresponds to -64800 to +64800.

<R> R
query(TemporalQuery<R> query)
Queries this offset using the specified query.
ValueRange
range(TemporalField field)
Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
String
toString()
Outputs this offset as a String, using the normalized ID.

Inherited Method Summary

Fields

public static final ZoneOffset MAX

Constant for the maximum supported offset.

public static final ZoneOffset MIN

Constant for the maximum supported offset.

public static final ZoneOffset UTC

The time-zone offset for UTC, with an ID of 'Z'.

Public Methods

public Temporal adjustInto (Temporal temporal)

Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same offset as this object.

This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input with the offset changed to be the same as this.

The adjustment is equivalent to using Temporal.with(TemporalField, long) passing ChronoField.OFFSET_SECONDS as the field.

In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using Temporal.with(TemporalAdjuster):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisOffset.adjustInto(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.with(thisOffset);
 

This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.

Parameters
temporal the target object to be adjusted, not null
Returns
  • the adjusted object, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs

public int compareTo (ZoneOffset other)

Compares this offset to another offset in descending order.

The offsets are compared in the order that they occur for the same time of day around the world. Thus, an offset of +10:00 comes before an offset of +09:00 and so on down to -18:00.

The comparison is "consistent with equals", as defined by Comparable.

Parameters
other the other date to compare to, not null
Returns
  • the comparator value, negative if less, postive if greater
Throws
NullPointerException if other is null

public boolean equals (Object obj)

Checks if this offset is equal to another offset.

The comparison is based on the amount of the offset in seconds. This is equivalent to a comparison by ID.

Parameters
obj the object to check, null returns false
Returns
  • true if this is equal to the other offset

public static ZoneOffset from (TemporalAccessor temporal)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset from a temporal object.

This obtains an offset based on the specified temporal. A TemporalAccessor represents an arbitrary set of date and time information, which this factory converts to an instance of ZoneOffset.

A TemporalAccessor represents some form of date and time information. This factory converts the arbitrary temporal object to an instance of ZoneOffset.

The conversion uses the TemporalQueries.offset() query, which relies on extracting the OFFSET_SECONDS field.

This method matches the signature of the functional interface TemporalQuery allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, ZoneOffset::from.

Parameters
temporal the temporal object to convert, not null
Returns
  • the zone-offset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to convert to an ZoneOffset

public int get (TemporalField field)

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as an int.

This queries this offset for the value of the specified field. The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns the value of the offset. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained, and what the value represents, is determined by the field.

Parameters
field the field to get, not null
Returns
  • the value for the field
Throws
DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained or the value is outside the range of valid values for the field
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported or the range of values exceeds an int
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs

public String getId ()

Gets the normalized zone offset ID.

The ID is minor variation to the standard ISO-8601 formatted string for the offset. There are three formats:

  • Z - for UTC (ISO-8601)
  • +hh:mm or -hh:mm - if the seconds are zero (ISO-8601)
  • +hh:mm:ss or -hh:mm:ss - if the seconds are non-zero (not ISO-8601)

Returns
  • the zone offset ID, not null

public long getLong (TemporalField field)

Gets the value of the specified field from this offset as a long.

This queries this offset for the value of the specified field. If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns the value of the offset. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained, and what the value represents, is determined by the field.

Parameters
field the field to get, not null
Returns
  • the value for the field
Throws
DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs

public ZoneRules getRules ()

Gets the associated time-zone rules.

The rules will always return this offset when queried. The implementation class is immutable, thread-safe and serializable.

Returns
  • the rules, not null

public int getTotalSeconds ()

Gets the total zone offset in seconds.

This is the primary way to access the offset amount. It returns the total of the hours, minutes and seconds fields as a single offset that can be added to a time.

Returns
  • the total zone offset amount in seconds

public int hashCode ()

A hash code for this offset.

Returns
  • a suitable hash code

public boolean isSupported (TemporalField field)

Checks if the specified field is supported.

This checks if this offset can be queried for the specified field. If false, then calling the range and get methods will throw an exception.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The OFFSET_SECONDS field returns true. All other ChronoField instances will return false.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.

Parameters
field the field to check, null returns false
Returns
  • true if the field is supported on this offset, false if not

public static ZoneOffset of (String offsetId)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using the ID.

This method parses the string ID of a ZoneOffset to return an instance. The parsing accepts all the formats generated by getId(), plus some additional formats:

  • Z - for UTC
  • +h
  • +hh
  • +hh:mm
  • -hh:mm
  • +hhmm
  • -hhmm
  • +hh:mm:ss
  • -hh:mm:ss
  • +hhmmss
  • -hhmmss
Note that ± means either the plus or minus symbol.

The ID of the returned offset will be normalized to one of the formats described by getId().

The maximum supported range is from +18:00 to -18:00 inclusive.

Parameters
offsetId the offset ID, not null
Returns
  • the zone-offset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the offset ID is invalid

public static ZoneOffset ofHours (int hours)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours.

Parameters
hours the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
Returns
  • the zone-offset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the offset is not in the required range

public static ZoneOffset ofHoursMinutes (int hours, int minutes)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours and minutes.

The sign of the hours and minutes components must match. Thus, if the hours is negative, the minutes must be negative or zero. If the hours is zero, the minutes may be positive, negative or zero.

Parameters
hours the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
minutes the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours
Returns
  • the zone-offset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the offset is not in the required range

public static ZoneOffset ofHoursMinutesSeconds (int hours, int minutes, int seconds)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset using an offset in hours, minutes and seconds.

The sign of the hours, minutes and seconds components must match. Thus, if the hours is negative, the minutes and seconds must be negative or zero.

Parameters
hours the time-zone offset in hours, from -18 to +18
minutes the time-zone offset in minutes, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and seconds
seconds the time-zone offset in seconds, from 0 to ±59, sign matches hours and minutes
Returns
  • the zone-offset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the offset is not in the required range

public static ZoneOffset ofTotalSeconds (int totalSeconds)

Obtains an instance of ZoneOffset specifying the total offset in seconds

The offset must be in the range -18:00 to +18:00, which corresponds to -64800 to +64800.

Parameters
totalSeconds the total time-zone offset in seconds, from -64800 to +64800
Returns
  • the ZoneOffset, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the offset is not in the required range

public R query (TemporalQuery<R> query)

Queries this offset using the specified query.

This queries this offset using the specified query strategy object. The TemporalQuery object defines the logic to be used to obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand what the result of this method will be.

The result of this method is obtained by invoking the TemporalQuery.queryFrom(TemporalAccessor) method on the specified query passing this as the argument.

Parameters
query the query to invoke, not null
Returns
  • the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
Throws
DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)

public ValueRange range (TemporalField field)

Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.

The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field. This offset is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range. If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.

If the field is a ChronoField then the query is implemented here. The supported fields will return appropriate range instances. All other ChronoField instances will throw an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException.

If the field is not a ChronoField, then the result of this method is obtained by invoking TemporalField.rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor) passing this as the argument. Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.

Parameters
field the field to query the range for, not null
Returns
  • the range of valid values for the field, not null
Throws
DateTimeException if the range for the field cannot be obtained
UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported

public String toString ()

Outputs this offset as a String, using the normalized ID.

Returns
  • a string representation of this offset, not null