Byte

AI-generated Key Takeaways

• The Byte class in Java acts as a wrapper for the primitive byte data type, providing methods for conversion, parsing, and object creation.

• It offers functionalities to convert between byte and String, compare Byte objects, and access constants like MAX_VALUE and MIN_VALUE.

• Byte includes methods inherited from Number and Object for broader usage, such as converting to other numeric types and comparing objects.

• Developers should utilize valueOf() instead of the constructor for creating Byte objects to leverage caching for performance benefits.

• Unsigned conversion methods in Byte handle negative values by mapping them to positive equivalents plus 2^8^, enabling operations on unsigned bytes.

public final class Byte extends Number
implements Comparable<Byte>

The Byte class wraps a value of primitive type byte in an object. An object of type Byte contains a single field whose type is byte.

In addition, this class provides several methods for converting a byte to a String and a String to a byte, as well as other constants and methods useful when dealing with a byte.

See Also

• Number

Constant Summary

int	BYTES	The number of bytes used to represent a byte value in two's complement binary form.
byte	MAX_VALUE	A constant holding the maximum value a byte can have, 2^7-1.
byte	MIN_VALUE	A constant holding the minimum value a byte can have, -2^7.
int	SIZE	The number of bits used to represent a byte value in two's complement binary form.

Field Summary

public static final Class<Byte>

TYPE

The Class instance representing the primitive type byte.

Public Constructor Summary

	Byte(byte value) Constructs a newly allocated Byte object that represents the specified byte value.
	Byte(String s) Constructs a newly allocated Byte object that represents the byte value indicated by the String parameter.

Public Method Summary

byte	byteValue() Returns the value of this Byte as a byte.
static int	compare(byte x, byte y) Compares two byte values numerically.
int	compareTo(Byte anotherByte) Compares two Byte objects numerically.
static Byte	decode(String nm) Decodes a String into a Byte.
double	doubleValue() Returns the value of this Byte as a double after a widening primitive conversion.
boolean	equals(Object obj) Compares this object to the specified object.
float	floatValue() Returns the value of this Byte as a float after a widening primitive conversion.
int	hashCode() Returns a hash code for this Byte; equal to the result of invoking intValue().
static int	hashCode(byte value) Returns a hash code for a byte value; compatible with Byte.hashCode().
int	intValue() Returns the value of this Byte as an int after a widening primitive conversion.
long	longValue() Returns the value of this Byte as a long after a widening primitive conversion.
static byte	parseByte(String s) Parses the string argument as a signed decimal byte.
static byte	parseByte(String s, int radix) Parses the string argument as a signed byte in the radix specified by the second argument.
short	shortValue() Returns the value of this Byte as a short after a widening primitive conversion.
String	toString() Returns a String object representing this Byte's value.
static String	toString(byte b) Returns a new String object representing the specified byte.
static int	toUnsignedInt(byte x) Converts the argument to an int by an unsigned conversion.
static long	toUnsignedLong(byte x) Converts the argument to a long by an unsigned conversion.
static Byte	valueOf(String s) Returns a Byte object holding the value given by the specified String.
static Byte	valueOf(String s, int radix) Returns a Byte object holding the value extracted from the specified String when parsed with the radix given by the second argument.
static Byte	valueOf(byte b) Returns a Byte instance representing the specified byte value.

Inherited Method Summary

From class java.lang.Number

byte	byteValue() Returns the value of the specified number as a byte, which may involve rounding or truncation.
abstract double	doubleValue() Returns the value of the specified number as a double, which may involve rounding.
abstract float	floatValue() Returns the value of the specified number as a float, which may involve rounding.
abstract int	intValue() Returns the value of the specified number as an int, which may involve rounding or truncation.
abstract long	longValue() Returns the value of the specified number as a long, which may involve rounding or truncation.
short	shortValue() Returns the value of the specified number as a short, which may involve rounding or truncation.

From class java.lang.Object

Object	clone() Creates and returns a copy of this Object.
boolean	equals(Object obj) Compares this instance with the specified object and indicates if they are equal.
void	finalize() Invoked when the garbage collector has detected that this instance is no longer reachable.
final Class<?>	getClass() Returns the unique instance of Class that represents this object's class.
int	hashCode() Returns an integer hash code for this object.
final void	notify() Causes a thread which is waiting on this object's monitor (by means of calling one of the wait() methods) to be woken up.
final void	notifyAll() Causes all threads which are waiting on this object's monitor (by means of calling one of the wait() methods) to be woken up.
String	toString() Returns a string containing a concise, human-readable description of this object.
final void	wait(long timeout, int nanos) Causes the calling thread to wait until another thread calls the notify() or notifyAll() method of this object or until the specified timeout expires.
final void	wait(long timeout) Causes the calling thread to wait until another thread calls the notify() or notifyAll() method of this object or until the specified timeout expires.
final void	wait() Causes the calling thread to wait until another thread calls the notify() or notifyAll() method of this object.

From interface java.lang.Comparable

abstract int

compareTo(Byte o) Compares this object with the specified object for order.

Constants

public static final int BYTES

The number of bytes used to represent a byte value in two's complement binary form.

Constant Value: 1

public static final byte MAX_VALUE

A constant holding the maximum value a byte can have, 2⁷-1.

Constant Value: 127

public static final byte MIN_VALUE

A constant holding the minimum value a byte can have, -2⁷.

Constant Value: -128

public static final int SIZE

The number of bits used to represent a byte value in two's complement binary form.

Constant Value: 8

Fields

public static final Class<Byte> TYPE

The Class instance representing the primitive type byte.

Public Constructors

public Byte (byte value)

Constructs a newly allocated Byte object that represents the specified byte value.

Parameters

value	the value to be represented by the Byte.

public Byte (String s)

Constructs a newly allocated Byte object that represents the byte value indicated by the String parameter. The string is converted to a byte value in exactly the manner used by the parseByte method for radix 10.

Parameters

s	the String to be converted to a Byte

Throws

NumberFormatException	If the String does not contain a parsable byte.

See Also

• parseByte(java.lang.String, int)

Public Methods

public byte byteValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as a byte.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type byte.

public static int compare (byte x, byte y)

Compares two byte values numerically. The value returned is identical to what would be returned by:

    Byte.valueOf(x).compareTo(Byte.valueOf(y))
 

Parameters

x	the first byte to compare
y	the second byte to compare

Returns

• the value 0 if x == y; a value less than 0 if x < y; and a value greater than 0 if x > y

public int compareTo (Byte anotherByte)

Compares two Byte objects numerically.

Parameters

anotherByte	the Byte to be compared.

Returns

• the value 0 if this Byte is equal to the argument Byte; a value less than 0 if this Byte is numerically less than the argument Byte; and a value greater than 0 if this Byte is numerically greater than the argument Byte (signed comparison).

public static Byte decode (String nm)

Decodes a String into a Byte. Accepts decimal, hexadecimal, and octal numbers given by the following grammar:

DecodableString:

Sign_opt DecimalNumeral

Sign_opt 0x HexDigits

Sign_opt 0X HexDigits

Sign_opt # HexDigits

Sign_opt 0 OctalDigits

Sign:

-

+

DecimalNumeral, HexDigits, and OctalDigits are as defined in section 3.10.1 of The Java™ Language Specification, except that underscores are not accepted between digits.

The sequence of characters following an optional sign and/or radix specifier ("0x", "0X", "#", or leading zero) is parsed as by the Byte.parseByte method with the indicated radix (10, 16, or 8). This sequence of characters must represent a positive value or a NumberFormatException will be thrown. The result is negated if first character of the specified String is the minus sign. No whitespace characters are permitted in the String.

Parameters

nm	the String to decode.

Returns

• a Byte object holding the byte value represented by nm

Throws

NumberFormatException	if the String does not contain a parsable byte.

See Also

• parseByte(java.lang.String, int)

public double doubleValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as a double after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type double.

public boolean equals (Object obj)

Compares this object to the specified object. The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a Byte object that contains the same byte value as this object.

Parameters

obj	the object to compare with

Returns

• true if the objects are the same; false otherwise.

public float floatValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as a float after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type float.

public int hashCode ()

Returns a hash code for this Byte; equal to the result of invoking intValue().

Returns

• a hash code value for this Byte

public static int hashCode (byte value)

Returns a hash code for a byte value; compatible with Byte.hashCode().

Parameters

value	the value to hash

Returns

• a hash code value for a byte value.

public int intValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as an int after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type int.

public long longValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as a long after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type long.

public static byte parseByte (String s)

Parses the string argument as a signed decimal byte. The characters in the string must all be decimal digits, except that the first character may be an ASCII minus sign '-' ('\u002D') to indicate a negative value or an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B') to indicate a positive value. The resulting byte value is returned, exactly as if the argument and the radix 10 were given as arguments to the parseByte(java.lang.String, int) method.

Parameters

s	a String containing the byte representation to be parsed

Returns

• the byte value represented by the argument in decimal

Throws

NumberFormatException	if the string does not contain a parsable byte.

public static byte parseByte (String s, int radix)

Parses the string argument as a signed byte in the radix specified by the second argument. The characters in the string must all be digits, of the specified radix (as determined by whether Character.digit(char, int) returns a nonnegative value) except that the first character may be an ASCII minus sign '-' ('\u002D') to indicate a negative value or an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B') to indicate a positive value. The resulting byte value is returned.

An exception of type NumberFormatException is thrown if any of the following situations occurs:

• The first argument is null or is a string of length zero.
• The radix is either smaller than Character.MIN_RADIX or larger than Character.MAX_RADIX.
• Any character of the string is not a digit of the specified radix, except that the first character may be a minus sign '-' ('\u002D') or plus sign '+' ('\u002B') provided that the string is longer than length 1.
• The value represented by the string is not a value of type byte.

Parameters

s	the String containing the byte representation to be parsed
radix	the radix to be used while parsing s

Returns

• the byte value represented by the string argument in the specified radix

Throws

NumberFormatException	If the string does not contain a parsable byte.

public short shortValue ()

Returns the value of this Byte as a short after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns

• the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type short.

public String toString ()

Returns a String object representing this Byte's value. The value is converted to signed decimal representation and returned as a string, exactly as if the byte value were given as an argument to the toString(byte) method.

Returns

• a string representation of the value of this object in base 10.

public static String toString (byte b)

Returns a new String object representing the specified byte. The radix is assumed to be 10.

Parameters

b	the byte to be converted

Returns

• the string representation of the specified byte

See Also

• Integer.toString(int)

public static int toUnsignedInt (byte x)

Converts the argument to an int by an unsigned conversion. In an unsigned conversion to an int, the high-order 24 bits of the int are zero and the low-order 8 bits are equal to the bits of the byte argument. Consequently, zero and positive byte values are mapped to a numerically equal int value and negative byte values are mapped to an int value equal to the input plus 2⁸.

Parameters

x	the value to convert to an unsigned int

Returns

• the argument converted to int by an unsigned conversion

public static long toUnsignedLong (byte x)

Converts the argument to a long by an unsigned conversion. In an unsigned conversion to a long, the high-order 56 bits of the long are zero and the low-order 8 bits are equal to the bits of the byte argument. Consequently, zero and positive byte values are mapped to a numerically equal long value and negative byte values are mapped to a long value equal to the input plus 2⁸.

Parameters

x	the value to convert to an unsigned long

Returns

• the argument converted to long by an unsigned conversion

public static Byte valueOf (String s)

Returns a Byte object holding the value given by the specified String. The argument is interpreted as representing a signed decimal byte, exactly as if the argument were given to the parseByte(java.lang.String) method. The result is a Byte object that represents the byte value specified by the string.

In other words, this method returns a Byte object equal to the value of:

new Byte(Byte.parseByte(s))

Parameters

s	the string to be parsed

Returns

• a Byte object holding the value represented by the string argument

Throws

NumberFormatException	If the String does not contain a parsable byte.

public static Byte valueOf (String s, int radix)

Returns a Byte object holding the value extracted from the specified String when parsed with the radix given by the second argument. The first argument is interpreted as representing a signed byte in the radix specified by the second argument, exactly as if the argument were given to the parseByte(java.lang.String, int) method. The result is a Byte object that represents the byte value specified by the string.

In other words, this method returns a Byte object equal to the value of:

new Byte(Byte.parseByte(s, radix))

Parameters

s	the string to be parsed
radix	the radix to be used in interpreting s

Returns

• a Byte object holding the value represented by the string argument in the specified radix.

Throws

NumberFormatException	If the String does not contain a parsable byte.

public static Byte valueOf (byte b)

Returns a Byte instance representing the specified byte value. If a new Byte instance is not required, this method should generally be used in preference to the constructor Byte(byte), as this method is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance since all byte values are cached.

Parameters

b	a byte value.

Returns

• a Byte instance representing b.