This document discusses the types of maps you can display using the
Maps JavaScript API. The API uses a MapType
object to hold information about these maps. A MapType
is an interface that defines the display and usage of map tiles and
the translation of coordinate systems from screen coordinates to world
coordinates (on the map). Each MapType must contain a
few methods to handle retrieval and release of tiles, and properties
that define its visual behavior.
The inner workings of map types within the Maps JavaScript API is an advanced topic. Most developers can use the basic map types noted below. However, you can also modify the presentation of existing map types using Styled Maps or define your own map tiles using custom map types. When providing custom map types, you will need to understand how to modify the map's Map Type Registry.
Basic Map Types
There are four types of maps available within the Maps JavaScript API. In addition to the familiar "painted" road map tiles, the Maps JavaScript API also supports other maps types.
The following map types are available in the Maps JavaScript API:
roadmapdisplays the default road map view. This is the default map type.satellitedisplays Google Earth satellite images.hybriddisplays a mixture of normal and satellite views.terraindisplays a physical map based on terrain information.
You modify the map type in use by the Map by setting its
mapTypeId property, either within the constructor via setting
its Map options object, or by calling the map's
setMapTypeId() method. The mapTypeID property
defaults to roadmap.
Setting the mapTypeId upon construction:
var myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(-34.397, 150.644);
var mapOptions = {
zoom: 8,
center: myLatlng,
mapTypeId: 'satellite'
};
var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map'),
mapOptions);
Modifying the mapTypeId dynamically:
map.setMapTypeId('terrain');
Note that you don't actually set the map's map type directly,
but instead set its mapTypeId to reference a
MapType using an identifier.
The Maps JavaScript API uses a map type registry,
explained below, to manage these references.
45° Imagery
The Maps JavaScript API supports special 45° imagery for certain locations. This high-resolution imagery provides perspective views towards each of the cardinal direction (North, South, East, West). These images are available at higher zoom levels for supported map types.
The following image shows a 45° perspective view of the boardwalk in Santa Cruz, CA:
The satellite and
hybrid map types support 45° imagery at
high zoom levels where available. If the user zooms into a location for which
such imagery exists, these map types automatically alter their views in the
following manner:
- The satellite or hybrid imagery is replaced with imagery giving a 45° perspective, centered on the current location. By default, such views are oriented towards north. If the user zooms out, the default satellite or hybrid imagery appears again.
- The rotate control provides a combination of tilt and rotate options.
If
rotateControlistrue, a tilt control appears when 45° imagery is available. The tilt control allows the user to tilt the imagery to a 45° angle. - When the imagery is tilted, a hook appears, allowing users to rotate the view 90° in a clockwise direction.
Zooming out from a map type displaying 45° imagery reverts each of these changes, re-establishing the original map types.
Enabling and Disabling 45° Imagery
You can disable 45° imagery by calling setTilt(0) on the
Map object. To enable 45° imagery for supported map types,
call setTilt(45).
The Map's getTilt() method
will always reflect the current tilt being shown on the map; if you
set a tilt on a map and then later remove that tilt (by zooming the
map out, for example), the map's getTilt() method will
return 0.
The following example displays a 45° view of the boardwalk in Santa Cruz, CA:
TypeScript
function initMap(): void {
const map = new google.maps.Map(
document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
{
center: { lat: 36.964, lng: -122.015 },
zoom: 18,
mapTypeId: "satellite",
}
);
map.setTilt(45);
}
JavaScript
function initMap() {
const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
center: { lat: 36.964, lng: -122.015 },
zoom: 18,
mapTypeId: "satellite",
});
map.setTilt(45);
}
Rotating 45° Imagery
The 45° imagery actually consists of a collection of images
for each cardinal direction (North, South, East, West). Once your map
is displaying 45° imagery, you can orient the
imagery towards one of its cardinal directions by calling
setHeading() on the Map object, passing
a number value expressed as degrees from North.
The following example shows an aerial map and auto-rotates the map every 3 seconds when the button is clicked:
TypeScript
let map: google.maps.Map;
function initMap(): void {
map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement, {
center: { lat: 45.518, lng: -122.672 },
zoom: 18,
mapTypeId: "satellite",
heading: 90,
tilt: 45,
});
}
function rotate90() {
const heading = map.getHeading() || 0;
map.setHeading(heading + 90);
}
function autoRotate() {
// Determine if we're showing aerial imagery.
if (map.getTilt() !== 0) {
window.setInterval(rotate90, 3000);
}
}
JavaScript
let map;
function initMap() {
map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
center: { lat: 45.518, lng: -122.672 },
zoom: 18,
mapTypeId: "satellite",
heading: 90,
tilt: 45,
});
}
function rotate90() {
const heading = map.getHeading() || 0;
map.setHeading(heading + 90);
}
function autoRotate() {
// Determine if we're showing aerial imagery.
if (map.getTilt() !== 0) {
window.setInterval(rotate90, 3000);
}
}
Modifying the Map Type Registry
A map's mapTypeId is a string identifier
that is used to associate a MapType with a
unique value. Each Map object maintains a
MapTypeRegistry which contains the collection of
available MapTypes for that map. This registry
is used to select the types of maps which are available in
the Map's MapType control, for example.
You do not read directly from the map type registry. Instead,
you modify the registry by adding custom map types and associating
them with a string identifier of your choosing. You cannot modify
or alter the basic map types (though you can remove them from the
map by altering the appearance of the map's associated
mapTypeControlOptions).
The following code sets the map to show only
two map types in the map's mapTypeControlOptions
and modifies the registry to add the association with
this identifier to the actual implementation of the
MapType interface.
// Modify the control to only display two maptypes, the
// default ROADMAP and the custom 'mymap'.
// Note that because this is an association, we
// don't need to modify the MapTypeRegistry beforehand.
var MY_MAPTYPE_ID = 'mymaps';
var mapOptions = {
zoom: 12,
center: brooklyn,
mapTypeControlOptions: {
mapTypeIds: ['roadmap', MY_MAPTYPE_ID]
},
mapTypeId: MY_MAPTYPE_ID
};
// Create our map. This creation will implicitly create a
// map type registry.
map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map'),
mapOptions);
// Create your custom map type using your own code.
// (See below.)
var myMapType = new MyMapType();
// Set the registry to associate 'mymap' with the
// custom map type we created, and set the map to
// show that map type.
map.mapTypes.set(MY_MAPTYPE_ID, myMapType);
Styled Maps
The StyledMapType allows you to customize the presentation of
the standard Google base maps, changing the visual display of such elements
as roads, parks, and built-up areas to reflect a different style than that
used in the default map type.
For more information about the StyledMapType, see the guide to
styled maps.
Custom Map Types
The Maps JavaScript API supports the display and management of custom map types, allowing you to implement your own map imagery or tile overlays.
Several possible map type implementations exist within the Maps JavaScript API:
- Standard tile sets consisting of images which
collectively constitute full cartographic maps. These tile
sets are also known as base map types. These map types
act and behave like the existing default map types:
roadmap,satellite,hybridandterrain. You can add your custom map type to a Map'smapTypesarray to allow the UI within the Maps JavaScript API to treat your custom map type as a standard map type (by including it in the MapType control, for example). - Image tile overlays which display on top of existing base map types. Generally, these map types are used to augment an existing map type to display additional information and are often constrained to specific locations and/or zoom levels. Note that these tiles may be transparent, allowing you to add features to existing maps.
- Non-image map types, which allow you to manipulate the display of map information at its most fundamental level.
Each of these options relies on creating a class that
implements the MapType
interface. Additionally, the
ImageMapType class provides some built-in
behavior to simplify the creation of imagery map types.
The MapType Interface
Before you create classes which implement MapType,
it is important to understand how Google Maps determines
coordinates and decides which parts of the map to show. You need to
implement similar logic for any base or overlay map types.
Read the guide to map
and tile coordinates.
Custom map types must implement the MapType
interface. This interface specifies certain properties and
methods that allow the API to initiate requests to your map
type(s) when the API determines that it needs to display map
tiles within the current viewport and zoom level. You handle
these requests to decide which tile to load.
Note: You may create your
own class to implement this interface. Alternatively, if you have
compatible imagery you can use the
ImageMapType class which already implements
this interface.
Classes implementing the MapType interface
require that you define and populate the following properties:
tileSize(required) specifies the size of the tile (of typegoogle.maps.Size). Sizes must be rectangular though they need not be square.maxZoom(required) specifies the maximum zoom level at which to display tiles of this map type.minZoom(optional) specifies the minimum zoom level at which to display tile of this map type. By default, this value is0indicating that no minimum zoom level exists.name(optional) specifies the name for this map type. This property is only necessary if you want this map type to be selectable within a MapType control. (See AddingMapTypeControls below.)alt(optional) specifies the alternate text for this map type, exhibited as hover text. This property is only necessary if you want this map type to be selectable within a MapType control. (See AddingMapTypeControls below.)
Additionally, classes implementing the MapType interface
need to implement the following methods:
-
getTile()(required) is called whenever the API determines that the map needs to display new tiles for the given viewport. ThegetTile()method must have the following signature:getTile(tileCoord:Point,zoom:number,ownerDocument:Document):NodeThe API determines whether it needs to call
getTile()based on theMapType'stileSize,minZoom, andmaxZoomproperties and the map's current viewport and zoom level. The handler for this method should return an HTML element given a passed coordinate, zoom level, and DOM element on which to append the tile image. -
releaseTile()(optional) is called whenever the API determines that the map needs to remove a tile as it falls out of view. This method must have the following signature:releaseTile(tile:Node)You typically should handle removal of any elements that were attached to the map tiles upon addition to the map. For example, if you attached event listeners to map tile overlays, you should remove them here.
The getTile() method acts as the main controller for
determining which tiles to load within a given viewport.
Base Map Types
Map types which you construct in this manner may either stand
alone or be combined with other map types as overlays. Standalone
map types are known as base map types. You may wish to have the API
treat such custom MapTypes as it would any other existing
base map type (ROADMAP, TERRAIN, etc.). To do
so, add your custom MapType to the Map's
mapTypes property. This property is of type
MapTypeRegistry.
The following code creates a base MapType to display
a map's tile coordinates and draws an outline of the tiles:
TypeScript
/*
* This demo demonstrates how to replace default map tiles with custom imagery.
* In this case, the CoordMapType displays gray tiles annotated with the tile
* coordinates.
*
* Try panning and zooming the map to see how the coordinates change.
*/
class CoordMapType {
tileSize: google.maps.Size;
maxZoom = 19;
name = "Tile #s";
alt = "Tile Coordinate Map Type";
constructor(tileSize: google.maps.Size) {
this.tileSize = tileSize;
}
getTile(
coord: google.maps.Point,
zoom: number,
ownerDocument: Document
): HTMLElement {
const div = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
div.innerHTML = String(coord);
div.style.width = this.tileSize.width + "px";
div.style.height = this.tileSize.height + "px";
div.style.fontSize = "10";
div.style.borderStyle = "solid";
div.style.borderWidth = "1px";
div.style.borderColor = "#AAAAAA";
div.style.backgroundColor = "#E5E3DF";
return div;
}
releaseTile(tile: HTMLElement): void {}
}
function initMap(): void {
const map = new google.maps.Map(
document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
{
zoom: 10,
center: { lat: 41.85, lng: -87.65 },
streetViewControl: false,
mapTypeId: "coordinate",
mapTypeControlOptions: {
mapTypeIds: ["coordinate", "roadmap"],
style: google.maps.MapTypeControlStyle.DROPDOWN_MENU,
},
}
);
map.addListener("maptypeid_changed", () => {
const showStreetViewControl =
(map.getMapTypeId() as string) !== "coordinate";
map.setOptions({
streetViewControl: showStreetViewControl,
});
});
// Now attach the coordinate map type to the map's registry.
map.mapTypes.set(
"coordinate",
new CoordMapType(new google.maps.Size(256, 256))
);
}
JavaScript
/*
* This demo demonstrates how to replace default map tiles with custom imagery.
* In this case, the CoordMapType displays gray tiles annotated with the tile
* coordinates.
*
* Try panning and zooming the map to see how the coordinates change.
*/
class CoordMapType {
constructor(tileSize) {
this.maxZoom = 19;
this.name = "Tile #s";
this.alt = "Tile Coordinate Map Type";
this.tileSize = tileSize;
}
getTile(coord, zoom, ownerDocument) {
const div = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
div.innerHTML = String(coord);
div.style.width = this.tileSize.width + "px";
div.style.height = this.tileSize.height + "px";
div.style.fontSize = "10";
div.style.borderStyle = "solid";
div.style.borderWidth = "1px";
div.style.borderColor = "#AAAAAA";
div.style.backgroundColor = "#E5E3DF";
return div;
}
releaseTile(tile) {}
}
function initMap() {
const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
zoom: 10,
center: { lat: 41.85, lng: -87.65 },
streetViewControl: false,
mapTypeId: "coordinate",
mapTypeControlOptions: {
mapTypeIds: ["coordinate", "roadmap"],
style: google.maps.MapTypeControlStyle.DROPDOWN_MENU,
},
});
map.addListener("maptypeid_changed", () => {
const showStreetViewControl = map.getMapTypeId() !== "coordinate";
map.setOptions({
streetViewControl: showStreetViewControl,
});
});
// Now attach the coordinate map type to the map's registry.
map.mapTypes.set(
"coordinate",
new CoordMapType(new google.maps.Size(256, 256))
);
}
Overlay Map Types
Some map types are designed to work on top of existing map types. Such map types may have transparent layers indicating points of interest, or showing additional data to the user.
In these cases, you do not want the map type treated as a separate entity but as an overlay.
You can do this by adding the map type to an existing MapType directly using
the Map's overlayMapTypes property. This property contains
an MVCArray of MapTypes. All map types
(base and overlay) are rendered within the
mapPane
layer. Overlay map types will display on top of the base map they
are attached to, in the order in which they appear in the
Map.overlayMapTypes array (overlays with higher index
values are displayed in front of overlays with lower index values).
The following example is identical to the previous one
except that we've created a tile overlay MapType
on top of the ROADMAP map type:
TypeScript
/*
* This demo illustrates the coordinate system used to display map tiles in the
* API.
*
* Tiles in Google Maps are numbered from the same origin as that for
* pixels. For Google's implementation of the Mercator projection, the origin
* tile is always at the northwest corner of the map, with x values increasing
* from west to east and y values increasing from north to south.
*
* Try panning and zooming the map to see how the coordinates change.
*/
class CoordMapType {
tileSize: google.maps.Size;
constructor(tileSize: google.maps.Size) {
this.tileSize = tileSize;
}
getTile(
coord: google.maps.Point,
zoom: number,
ownerDocument: Document
): HTMLElement {
const div = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
div.innerHTML = String(coord);
div.style.width = this.tileSize.width + "px";
div.style.height = this.tileSize.height + "px";
div.style.fontSize = "10";
div.style.borderStyle = "solid";
div.style.borderWidth = "1px";
div.style.borderColor = "#AAAAAA";
return div;
}
releaseTile(tile: Element): void {}
}
function initMap(): void {
const map = new google.maps.Map(
document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
{
zoom: 10,
center: { lat: 41.85, lng: -87.65 },
}
);
// Insert this overlay map type as the first overlay map type at
// position 0. Note that all overlay map types appear on top of
// their parent base map.
map.overlayMapTypes.insertAt(
0,
new CoordMapType(new google.maps.Size(256, 256))
);
}
JavaScript
/*
* This demo illustrates the coordinate system used to display map tiles in the
* API.
*
* Tiles in Google Maps are numbered from the same origin as that for
* pixels. For Google's implementation of the Mercator projection, the origin
* tile is always at the northwest corner of the map, with x values increasing
* from west to east and y values increasing from north to south.
*
* Try panning and zooming the map to see how the coordinates change.
*/
class CoordMapType {
constructor(tileSize) {
this.tileSize = tileSize;
}
getTile(coord, zoom, ownerDocument) {
const div = ownerDocument.createElement("div");
div.innerHTML = String(coord);
div.style.width = this.tileSize.width + "px";
div.style.height = this.tileSize.height + "px";
div.style.fontSize = "10";
div.style.borderStyle = "solid";
div.style.borderWidth = "1px";
div.style.borderColor = "#AAAAAA";
return div;
}
releaseTile(tile) {}
}
function initMap() {
const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
zoom: 10,
center: { lat: 41.85, lng: -87.65 },
});
// Insert this overlay map type as the first overlay map type at
// position 0. Note that all overlay map types appear on top of
// their parent base map.
map.overlayMapTypes.insertAt(
0,
new CoordMapType(new google.maps.Size(256, 256))
);
}
Image Map Types
Implementing a MapType to act as a base map
type can be a time-consuming and laborious task. The API
provides a special class that implements the MapType
interface for the most common map types: map types that consist
of tiles made up of single image files.
This class, the ImageMapType class,
is constructed using an ImageMapTypeOptions
object specification defining the following required
properties:
tileSize(required) specifies the size of the tile (of typegoogle.maps.Size). Sizes must be rectangular though they need not be square.getTileUrl(required) specifies the function, usually provided as an inline function literal, to handle selection of the proper image tile based on supplied world coordinates and zoom level.
The following code implements a basic ImageMapType
using Google's moon tiles. The example makes use of a normalization
function to ensure that tiles repeat along the x-axis, but not along the
y-axis of your map.
TypeScript
function initMap(): void {
const map = new google.maps.Map(
document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
{
center: { lat: 0, lng: 0 },
zoom: 1,
streetViewControl: false,
mapTypeControlOptions: {
mapTypeIds: ["moon"],
},
}
);
const moonMapType = new google.maps.ImageMapType({
getTileUrl: function (coord, zoom): string {
const normalizedCoord = getNormalizedCoord(coord, zoom);
if (!normalizedCoord) {
return "";
}
const bound = Math.pow(2, zoom);
return (
"https://mw1.google.com/mw-planetary/lunar/lunarmaps_v1/clem_bw" +
"/" +
zoom +
"/" +
normalizedCoord.x +
"/" +
(bound - normalizedCoord.y - 1) +
".jpg"
);
},
tileSize: new google.maps.Size(256, 256),
maxZoom: 9,
minZoom: 0,
// @ts-ignore TODO(jpoehnelt) 'radius' does not exist in type 'ImageMapTypeOptions'
radius: 1738000,
name: "Moon",
});
map.mapTypes.set("moon", moonMapType);
map.setMapTypeId("moon");
}
// Normalizes the coords that tiles repeat across the x axis (horizontally)
// like the standard Google map tiles.
function getNormalizedCoord(coord, zoom) {
const y = coord.y;
let x = coord.x;
// tile range in one direction range is dependent on zoom level
// 0 = 1 tile, 1 = 2 tiles, 2 = 4 tiles, 3 = 8 tiles, etc
const tileRange = 1 << zoom;
// don't repeat across y-axis (vertically)
if (y < 0 || y >= tileRange) {
return null;
}
// repeat across x-axis
if (x < 0 || x >= tileRange) {
x = ((x % tileRange) + tileRange) % tileRange;
}
return { x: x, y: y };
}
JavaScript
function initMap() {
const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
center: { lat: 0, lng: 0 },
zoom: 1,
streetViewControl: false,
mapTypeControlOptions: {
mapTypeIds: ["moon"],
},
});
const moonMapType = new google.maps.ImageMapType({
getTileUrl: function (coord, zoom) {
const normalizedCoord = getNormalizedCoord(coord, zoom);
if (!normalizedCoord) {
return "";
}
const bound = Math.pow(2, zoom);
return (
"https://mw1.google.com/mw-planetary/lunar/lunarmaps_v1/clem_bw" +
"/" +
zoom +
"/" +
normalizedCoord.x +
"/" +
(bound - normalizedCoord.y - 1) +
".jpg"
);
},
tileSize: new google.maps.Size(256, 256),
maxZoom: 9,
minZoom: 0,
radius: 1738000,
name: "Moon",
});
map.mapTypes.set("moon", moonMapType);
map.setMapTypeId("moon");
}
// Normalizes the coords that tiles repeat across the x axis (horizontally)
// like the standard Google map tiles.
function getNormalizedCoord(coord, zoom) {
const y = coord.y;
let x = coord.x;
// tile range in one direction range is dependent on zoom level
// 0 = 1 tile, 1 = 2 tiles, 2 = 4 tiles, 3 = 8 tiles, etc
const tileRange = 1 << zoom;
// don't repeat across y-axis (vertically)
if (y < 0 || y >= tileRange) {
return null;
}
// repeat across x-axis
if (x < 0 || x >= tileRange) {
x = ((x % tileRange) + tileRange) % tileRange;
}
return { x: x, y: y };
}
Projections
The Earth is a three-dimensional sphere (approximately), while a map is a flat two-dimensional surface. The map that you see within the Maps JavaScript API, like any flat map of the Earth, is a projection of that sphere onto a flat surface. In its simplest terms, a projection can be defined as a mapping of latitude/longitude values into coordinates on the projection's map.
Projections in the Maps JavaScript API must implement the
Projection interface. A Projection
implementation must provide not only a mapping from one coordinate
system to another, but a bi-directional mapping. That is, you must
define how to translate from Earth coordinates (LatLng objects)
to the Projection class's
world
coordinate system, and vice versa. Google Maps uses
the Mercator projection to create its maps
from geographic data and convert events on the map into
geographic coordinates. You can obtain this projection by
calling getProjection() on the Map
(or any of the standard base MapType types.) For most uses,
this standard Projection will suffice, but you may also
define and use your own custom projections.
Implementing a Projection
When implementing a custom projection, you will need to define a few things:
- The formulae for mapping latitude and longitude coordinates into
a Cartesian plane and vice versa. (The
Projectioninterface only supports transformations into rectilinear coordinates.) - The base tile size. All tiles must be rectangular.
- The "world size" of a map using the base tile set at zoom level 0. Note that for maps consisting of one tile at zoom 0, the world size and base tile size are identical.
Coordinate Transformations in Projections
Each projection provides two methods which translate between these two coordinate systems, allowing you to convert between geographic and world coordinates:
- The
Projection.fromLatLngToPoint()method converts aLatLngvalue into a world coordinate. This method is used to position overlays on the map (and to position the map itself). - The
Projection.fromPointToLatLng()method converts a world coordinate into aLatLngvalue. This method is used to convert events such as clicks that happen on the map into geographic coordinates.
Google Maps assumes that projections are rectilinear.
Generally, you may use a projection for two cases: to create a map of the world, or to create a map of a local area. In the former case, you should ensure that your projection is also rectilinear and normal at all longitudes. Some projections (especially conic projections) may be "locally normal" (i.e. point north) but deviate from true north; for example, the further the map is positioned relative to some reference longitude. You may use such a projection locally, but be aware that the projection is necessarily imprecise and transformation errors will become increasingly apparently the further away from the reference longitude you deviate.
Map Tile Selection in Projections
Projections are not only useful for determining the positions of
locations or overlays, but for positioning the map tiles themselves.
The Maps JavaScript API renders base maps using a MapType
interface, which must declare both a projection property for
identifying the map's projection and a getTile()
method for retrieving map tiles based on
tile
coordinate values. Tile coordinates are based on
both your basic tile size (which must be rectangular) and the "world
size" of your map, which is the pixel size of your map world
at zoom level 0. (For maps consisting of one tile at zoom 0, the tile
size and world size are identical.)
You define the base tile size within your MapType's
tileSize property. You define the world size implicitly
within your projection's fromLatLngToPoint()
and fromPointToLatLng() methods.
Since image selection depends on these passed values, it is useful
to name images that can be selected programmatically given those
passed values, such as
map_zoom_tileX_tileY.png.
The following example defines an ImageMapType
using the
Gall-Peters projection:
TypeScript
// This example defines an image map type using the Gall-Peters
// projection.
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection
function initMap(): void {
// Create a map. Use the Gall-Peters map type.
const map = new google.maps.Map(
document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
{
zoom: 0,
center: { lat: 0, lng: 0 },
mapTypeControl: false,
}
);
initGallPeters();
map.mapTypes.set("gallPeters", gallPetersMapType);
map.setMapTypeId("gallPeters");
// Show the lat and lng under the mouse cursor.
const coordsDiv = document.getElementById("coords") as HTMLElement;
map.controls[google.maps.ControlPosition.TOP_CENTER].push(coordsDiv);
map.addListener("mousemove", (event: google.maps.MouseEvent) => {
coordsDiv.textContent =
"lat: " +
Math.round(event.latLng.lat()) +
", " +
"lng: " +
Math.round(event.latLng.lng());
});
// Add some markers to the map.
map.data.setStyle((feature) => {
return {
title: feature.getProperty("name"),
optimized: false,
};
});
map.data.addGeoJson(cities);
}
let gallPetersMapType;
function initGallPeters() {
const GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X = 800;
const GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y = 512;
// Fetch Gall-Peters tiles stored locally on our server.
gallPetersMapType = new google.maps.ImageMapType({
getTileUrl: function (coord, zoom) {
const scale = 1 << zoom;
// Wrap tiles horizontally.
const x = ((coord.x % scale) + scale) % scale;
// Don't wrap tiles vertically.
const y = coord.y;
if (y < 0 || y >= scale) return "";
return (
"https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/" +
"javascript/examples/full/images/gall-peters_" +
zoom +
"_" +
x +
"_" +
y +
".png"
);
},
tileSize: new google.maps.Size(GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X, GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y),
minZoom: 0,
maxZoom: 1,
name: "Gall-Peters",
});
// Describe the Gall-Peters projection used by these tiles.
gallPetersMapType.projection = {
fromLatLngToPoint: function (latLng) {
const latRadians = (latLng.lat() * Math.PI) / 180;
return new google.maps.Point(
GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X * (0.5 + latLng.lng() / 360),
GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y * (0.5 - 0.5 * Math.sin(latRadians))
);
},
fromPointToLatLng: function (point, noWrap) {
const x = point.x / GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X;
const y = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, point.y / GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y));
return new google.maps.LatLng(
(Math.asin(1 - 2 * y) * 180) / Math.PI,
-180 + 360 * x,
noWrap
);
},
};
}
// GeoJSON, describing the locations and names of some cities.
const cities = {
type: "FeatureCollection",
features: [
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-87.65, 41.85] },
properties: { name: "Chicago" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-149.9, 61.218] },
properties: { name: "Anchorage" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-99.127, 19.427] },
properties: { name: "Mexico City" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-0.126, 51.5] },
properties: { name: "London" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [28.045, -26.201] },
properties: { name: "Johannesburg" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [15.322, -4.325] },
properties: { name: "Kinshasa" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [151.207, -33.867] },
properties: { name: "Sydney" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [0, 0] },
properties: { name: "0°N 0°E" },
},
],
};
JavaScript
// This example defines an image map type using the Gall-Peters
// projection.
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall%E2%80%93Peters_projection
function initMap() {
// Create a map. Use the Gall-Peters map type.
const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
zoom: 0,
center: { lat: 0, lng: 0 },
mapTypeControl: false,
});
initGallPeters();
map.mapTypes.set("gallPeters", gallPetersMapType);
map.setMapTypeId("gallPeters");
// Show the lat and lng under the mouse cursor.
const coordsDiv = document.getElementById("coords");
map.controls[google.maps.ControlPosition.TOP_CENTER].push(coordsDiv);
map.addListener("mousemove", (event) => {
coordsDiv.textContent =
"lat: " +
Math.round(event.latLng.lat()) +
", " +
"lng: " +
Math.round(event.latLng.lng());
});
// Add some markers to the map.
map.data.setStyle((feature) => {
return {
title: feature.getProperty("name"),
optimized: false,
};
});
map.data.addGeoJson(cities);
}
let gallPetersMapType;
function initGallPeters() {
const GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X = 800;
const GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y = 512;
// Fetch Gall-Peters tiles stored locally on our server.
gallPetersMapType = new google.maps.ImageMapType({
getTileUrl: function (coord, zoom) {
const scale = 1 << zoom;
// Wrap tiles horizontally.
const x = ((coord.x % scale) + scale) % scale;
// Don't wrap tiles vertically.
const y = coord.y;
if (y < 0 || y >= scale) return "";
return (
"https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/" +
"javascript/examples/full/images/gall-peters_" +
zoom +
"_" +
x +
"_" +
y +
".png"
);
},
tileSize: new google.maps.Size(GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X, GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y),
minZoom: 0,
maxZoom: 1,
name: "Gall-Peters",
});
// Describe the Gall-Peters projection used by these tiles.
gallPetersMapType.projection = {
fromLatLngToPoint: function (latLng) {
const latRadians = (latLng.lat() * Math.PI) / 180;
return new google.maps.Point(
GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X * (0.5 + latLng.lng() / 360),
GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y * (0.5 - 0.5 * Math.sin(latRadians))
);
},
fromPointToLatLng: function (point, noWrap) {
const x = point.x / GALL_PETERS_RANGE_X;
const y = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, point.y / GALL_PETERS_RANGE_Y));
return new google.maps.LatLng(
(Math.asin(1 - 2 * y) * 180) / Math.PI,
-180 + 360 * x,
noWrap
);
},
};
}
// GeoJSON, describing the locations and names of some cities.
const cities = {
type: "FeatureCollection",
features: [
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-87.65, 41.85] },
properties: { name: "Chicago" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-149.9, 61.218] },
properties: { name: "Anchorage" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-99.127, 19.427] },
properties: { name: "Mexico City" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [-0.126, 51.5] },
properties: { name: "London" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [28.045, -26.201] },
properties: { name: "Johannesburg" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [15.322, -4.325] },
properties: { name: "Kinshasa" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [151.207, -33.867] },
properties: { name: "Sydney" },
},
{
type: "Feature",
geometry: { type: "Point", coordinates: [0, 0] },
properties: { name: "0°N 0°E" },
},
],
};