O trajeto padrão retornado pela API Routes geralmente é o mais rápido da origem ao destino. Quando você solicita rotas alternativas, a API retorna uma matriz de até três rotas, além da rota padrão. Assim, seus clientes podem escolher a rota mais adequada para eles.
Confira o código-fonte de exemplo completo
O exemplo de código a seguir mostra como solicitar rotas alternativas e desenhá-las em um mapa.
TypeScript
let mapPolylines: google.maps.Polyline[] = []; const mapElement = document.querySelector('gmp-map') as google.maps.MapElement; let innerMap; // Initialize and add the map. async function initMap() { // Request the needed libraries. await google.maps.importLibrary('maps') as google.maps.MapsLibrary; innerMap = mapElement.innerMap; innerMap.setOptions({ mapTypeControl: false, mapId: 'DEMO_MAP_ID', }); // Call the function after the map is loaded. google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(innerMap, 'idle', () => { getDirections(); }); } async function getDirections() { //@ts-ignore // Request the needed libraries. const [{ Route, RouteLabel }] = await Promise.all([ google.maps.importLibrary('routes') ]); // Build a request. const request = { origin: 'San Francisco, CA', destination: 'Sunset Dr Pacific Grove, CA 93950', travelMode: 'DRIVING', computeAlternativeRoutes: true, fields: ['path', 'routeLabels', 'viewport'], // Request the routeLabels field. }; // Call computeRoutes to get the directions. const result = await Route.computeRoutes(request); if (!result.routes || result.routes.length === 0) { console.warn("No routes found"); return; } let primaryRoute; for (const route of result.routes) { // Save the primary route for last so it's drawn on top. if ( // Check for the default route. route.routeLabels?.includes(RouteLabel.DEFAULT_ROUTE) ) { primaryRoute = route; } else { drawRoute(route, false); } } if (primaryRoute) { drawRoute(primaryRoute, true); await primaryRoute.createWaypointAdvancedMarkers({ map: innerMap }); innerMap.fitBounds(primaryRoute.viewport, 50); innerMap.setHeading(70); } // Display the raw JSON for the result in the console. console.log(`Response:\n ${JSON.stringify(result, null, 2)}`); } function drawRoute(route, isPrimaryRoute) { mapPolylines = mapPolylines.concat( route.createPolylines({ polylineOptions: isPrimaryRoute ? { map: innerMap, strokeWeight: 5, } : { map: innerMap, strokeColor: "#669DF6", strokeOpacity: 0.5, strokeWeight: 5, }, colorScheme: innerMap.get("colorScheme"), }), ); } initMap();
JavaScript
let mapPolylines = []; const mapElement = document.querySelector('gmp-map'); let innerMap; // Initialize and add the map. async function initMap() { // Request the needed libraries. await google.maps.importLibrary('maps'); innerMap = mapElement.innerMap; innerMap.setOptions({ mapTypeControl: false, mapId: 'DEMO_MAP_ID', }); // Call the function after the map is loaded. google.maps.event.addListenerOnce(innerMap, 'idle', () => { getDirections(); }); } async function getDirections() { //@ts-ignore // Request the needed libraries. const [{ Route, RouteLabel }] = await Promise.all([ google.maps.importLibrary('routes') ]); // Build a request. const request = { origin: 'San Francisco, CA', destination: 'Sunset Dr Pacific Grove, CA 93950', travelMode: 'DRIVING', computeAlternativeRoutes: true, fields: ['path', 'routeLabels', 'viewport'], // Request the routeLabels field. }; // Call computeRoutes to get the directions. const result = await Route.computeRoutes(request); if (!result.routes || result.routes.length === 0) { console.warn("No routes found"); return; } let primaryRoute; for (const route of result.routes) { // Save the primary route for last so it's drawn on top. if ( // Check for the default route. route.routeLabels?.includes(RouteLabel.DEFAULT_ROUTE)) { primaryRoute = route; } else { drawRoute(route, false); } } if (primaryRoute) { drawRoute(primaryRoute, true); await primaryRoute.createWaypointAdvancedMarkers({ map: innerMap }); innerMap.fitBounds(primaryRoute.viewport, 50); innerMap.setHeading(70); } // Display the raw JSON for the result in the console. console.log(`Response:\n ${JSON.stringify(result, null, 2)}`); } function drawRoute(route, isPrimaryRoute) { mapPolylines = mapPolylines.concat(route.createPolylines({ polylineOptions: isPrimaryRoute ? { map: innerMap, strokeWeight: 5, } : { map: innerMap, strokeColor: "#669DF6", strokeOpacity: 0.5, strokeWeight: 5, }, colorScheme: innerMap.get("colorScheme"), })); } initMap();
CSS
/* * Always set the map height explicitly to define the size of the div element * that contains the map. */ #map { height: 100%; } /* * Optional: Makes the sample page fill the window. */ html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>Get directions</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css" />
<script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<gmp-map center="37.447646, -122.113878" zoom="10"></gmp-map>
<!-- prettier-ignore -->
<script>(g=>{var h,a,k,p="The Google Maps JavaScript API",c="google",l="importLibrary",q="__ib__",m=document,b=window;b=b[c]||(b[c]={});var d=b.maps||(b.maps={}),r=new Set,e=new URLSearchParams,u=()=>h||(h=new Promise(async(f,n)=>{await (a=m.createElement("script"));e.set("libraries",[...r]+"");for(k in g)e.set(k.replace(/[A-Z]/g,t=>"_"+t[0].toLowerCase()),g[k]);e.set("callback",c+".maps."+q);a.src=`https://maps.${c}apis.com/maps/api/js?`+e;d[q]=f;a.onerror=()=>h=n(Error(p+" could not load."));a.nonce=m.querySelector("script[nonce]")?.nonce||"";m.head.append(a)}));d[l]?console.warn(p+" only loads once. Ignoring:",g):d[l]=(f,...n)=>r.add(f)&&u().then(()=>d[l](f,...n))})
({key: "AIzaSyA6myHzS10YXdcazAFalmXvDkrYCp5cLc8", v: "beta"});</script>
</body>
</html>Testar amostra
Considerações ao pedir rotas alternativas
Ao solicitar rotas alternativas, considere o seguinte:
- Só é possível solicitar rotas alternativas para rotas sem waypoints intermediários. Solicitar rotas alternativas quando a rota especifica waypoints intermediários não causa um erro. No entanto, nenhuma rota alternativa é retornada.
- A resposta contém no máximo três rotas alternativas. No entanto, às vezes não há rotas alternativas disponíveis, então a resposta contém apenas a rota padrão.
- Devido ao processamento extra necessário para calcular rotas alternativas, solicitar rotas alternativas pode aumentar o tempo de resposta da API.
Pedir trajetos alternativos
Para solicitar rotas alternativas, defina computeAlternativeRoutes como
true na solicitação computeRoutes.
// Build a request. const request = { origin: 'San Francisco, CA', destination: 'Sunset Dr Pacific Grove, CA 93950', travelMode: 'DRIVING', computeAlternativeRoutes: true, fields: ['path', 'routeLabels', 'viewport'], // Request the routeLabels field. };
Para receber as rotas, itere pela matriz de rotas (por exemplo, result.routes). A rota padrão tem o rótulo RouteLabel.DEFAULT_ROUTE. O exemplo de código a seguir mostra a iteração pelas rotas e o desenho da rota principal por último.
// Call computeRoutes to get the directions. const result = await Route.computeRoutes(request); if (!result.routes || result.routes.length === 0) { console.warn("No routes found"); return; } let primaryRoute; for (const route of result.routes) { // Save the primary route for last so it's drawn on top. if ( // Check for the default route. route.routeLabels?.includes(RouteLabel.DEFAULT_ROUTE)) { primaryRoute = route; } else { drawRoute(route, false); } } if (primaryRoute) { drawRoute(primaryRoute, true); await primaryRoute.createWaypointAdvancedMarkers({ map: innerMap }); innerMap.fitBounds(primaryRoute.viewport, 50); innerMap.setHeading(70); }