使用 Contest 描述竞选,并将竞选与相关候选人和政党相关联。
本文档讨论了 Contest 及其子实体:
ContestCandidateContestPartyContestBallotMeasureContestRetentionContest
类型
Contest 是一个抽象元素,具有三种类型,具体使用哪种类型取决于竞赛类型:
CandidateContest:当Contest涉及一个或多个职位候选人时,请使用此类型。PartyContest:如果Contest在选票上具有政党名单选择,请使用此类型。它也可以用作虚拟竞赛,是较小规模竞赛的汇总。BallotMeasureContest:当Contest涉及一项或多项投票措施时,请使用此类型。RetentionContest:如果Contest涉及通过全民公投来决定民选官员是否应继续任职或被免职,请使用此类型。
随着选举结果的公布,您可以更新 Feed 以显示不同阶段的结果,例如出口民调或估计结果。Google 会提供有关我们预期哪些选举阶段和结果类型的指南。Google 可以要求提供一个或多个阶段的证据。这些阶段类型值可能会在大选之夜发生变化。设置初始 Feed 值,以便从该阶段开始。如需了解详情,请参阅元素部分中的 ExternalIdentifiers。
属性
下表介绍了 Contest 的属性:
| 属性 | 是否必需? | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
objectId |
必需 | ID |
供其他元素引用此元素的唯一内部标识符。 |
元素
下表介绍了 Contest 的元素:
| 元素 | 多样性 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
Abbreviation |
0 或 1 | string |
竞赛的简称。 |
BallotSelection |
0 个或更多 | BallotSelection |
将选票上的选择与竞选相关联。 如果每个项都存在 |
BallotSubTitle |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
竞选的副标题,必须与选民选票上显示的副标题一致。 |
BallotTitle |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
比赛的标题。标题文字应与语法指南相对应。 对于选票议案竞选,标题应与选票上的措辞一致。 |
ComposingContestIds |
0 个或更多 | IDREFS |
用于定义汇总竞赛。例如,在美国总统普选中,有一个全国性竞选,其中包含每个州级选举的组合竞选 ID。
|
ContestDateStatus |
0 或 1 |
DateStatus
|
此元素表示选举的日程安排更新。默认值为 |
ElectoralDistrictId |
1 | IDREF |
例如,对于特定比赛, |
ExternalIdentifiers |
1 | ExternalIdentifiers |
将 ID 与竞赛相关联。必须提供稳定标识符。如需提供您的 Feed 报告的选举结果阶段,请将 OtherType 设置为 ContestStage 中的某个值。 |
FilingDeadline |
0 或 1 | PartialDate |
候选人必须在哪个日期之前提交参赛申请。 |
HasRotation |
0 或 1 | boolean |
指示竞赛中的选择是否轮换。如果不存在此元素,则默认值为 false。 |
Name |
1 | string |
此值应与英文版中的 BallotTitle 匹配,并符合标题语法。 |
Seat |
0 或 1 | string |
相应竞选所针对的具体席位。 |
SequenceOrder |
0 或 1 | integer |
|
SubsequentContestId |
0 或 1 | IDREF |
用于指向同一相关集中的后续比赛。例如,在美国选举中,它通常从初选指向相关的大选。它还可以从大选指向决胜选举。
|
SubUnitsReported |
0 或 1 | integer |
已完成相应竞选的选票报告的子单位(例如选区)的数量。 |
SummaryCounts |
0 个或更多 | SummaryCounts |
提供与比赛相关的各种杂项统计信息的摘要。这包括包含相应竞选的总票数,以及弃权票、多投票、少投票或填写票的总数。通过多次使用 SummaryCounts,可以将汇总计数与整个比赛或其他较低级别的报告单元相关联。 |
TotalSubUnits |
0 或 1 | integer |
有相应竞选活动的选票的子单位(例如选区)总数。 |
VoteVariation |
0 或 1 | VoteVariation |
与竞赛关联的投票变体类型,例如 n-of-m。 |
OtherVoteVariation |
0 或 1 | string |
用于在 VoteVariation 为 other 时提供自定义值。 |
StartDate |
0 或 1 | PartialDate |
竞赛的日历开始日期。使用开始进行民意调查的日期,例如 2022-11-08。只有当 Contest 的开始日期和结束日期与 Election 的开始日期和结束日期不同时,才应设置开始日期。
|
EndDate |
0 或 1 | PartialDate |
竞赛的日历结束日期。使用轮询结束的日期,例如 2022-11-08。只有当 Contest 的开始日期和结束日期与 Election 的开始日期和结束日期不同时,才应设置结束日期。
|
CountingDate |
0 或 1 | PartialDate |
选举竞赛的计票日期(投票日期之后)。只有在计票日与投票最后一天不同时才应包含此参数,例如印度人民院选举。通常情况下,计票工作会在投票的最后一天(即选举日)进行。
EndDate
|
CandidateContest
使用 CandidateContest 描述涉及选择一名或多名候选人的竞赛。
此实体可以选择性地按 ID 引用 Office 或 Party。我们不支持在同一竞赛中表示候选人组合;您只能引用一个 Office。因此,举例来说,对于总统和副总统的竞选组合,您需要两个 Candidate 竞选。每个地址都指向不同的办事处。
元素
下表介绍了 CandidateContest 的元素:
| 元素 | 多样性 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
NumberElected |
0 或 1 | integer |
竞选中当选的候选人数,即 n-of-m 竞选的 n。如果 Feed 中没有 NumberElected,则使用默认值 1。 |
OfficeIds |
1 | IDREFS |
一个或多个 Office 元素的唯一标识符。
将办公场所说明与竞赛相关联。 |
PrimaryPartyIds |
0 个或更多 | IDREFS |
一个或多个 Party 元素的唯一标识符,用于指明 Contest 是党派初选的一部分。PrimaryPartyId 仅在初选中才有意义。 |
VotesAllowed |
1 | integer |
每位投票者在此竞赛中允许投出的票数或填写票数上限。如果 Feed 中没有 VotesAllowed,则使用默认值 1。 |
Type |
0 个或更多 | ElectionType |
竞选的枚举类型,例如初选或普选。只有当 Contest 的类型与 Election 的类型不同时,才应设置 Contest 的类型。 |
示例
XML
<Contest xsi:type="CandidateContest" objectId="cc1-001"> <Abbreviation>KENYAPRES</Abbreviation> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-kenyatta">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-odinga">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-mudavadi">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-kenneth">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-dida">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-karua">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-kiyiapi">...</BallotSelection> <BallotSelection xsi:type="CandidateSelection" objectId="cs1-001-muite">...</BallotSelection> <BallotTitle> <Text language="en">2022 Kenya Presidential election</Text> <Text language="es">2022 Elecciones presidenciales de Kenia</Text> <Text language="fr">2022 Élection présidentielle au Kenya</Text> </BallotTitle> <CountStatus>...</CountStatus> <CountingDate>2022-08-11</CountingDate> <ElectoralDistrictId>...</ElectoralDistrictId> <EndDate>2022-08-09</EndDate> <Name>2022 Kenya Presidential election</Name> <StartDate>2022-08-09</StartDate> <SubUnitsReported>48</SubUnitsReported> <SummaryCounts>...</SummaryCounts> <TotalSubUnits>48</TotalSubUnits> <VoteVariation>1-of-m</VoteVariation> <NumberElected>1</NumberElected> <OfficeIds>off9999a</OfficeIds> <VotesAllowed>1</VotesAllowed> <Type>general</Type> </Contest>
JSON
"Contest": [ { "@type": "CandidateContest", "objectId": "cc1-001", "Abbreviation": "KENYAPRES", "BallotSelection": [ { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-kenyatta", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-odinga", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-mudavadi", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-kenneth", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-dida", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-karua", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-kiyiapi", ... }, { "@type": "CandidateSelection", "objectId": "cs1-001-muite", ... } ], "BallotTitle": { "Text": [ { "value": "2022 Kenya Presidential election", "language": "en" }, { "value": "2022 Elecciones presidenciales de Kenia", "language": "es" }, { "value": "2022 Élection présidentielle au Kenya", "language": "fr" }, ] }, "CountStatus": "...", "ElectoralDistrictId": "...", "Name": "2022 Kenya Presidential election", "SubUnitsReported": 48, "SummaryCounts": "...", "TotalSubUnits": 48, "VoteVariation": "1-of-m", "NumberElected": 1, "VotesAllowed": 1, "Type": "general" } ]
PartyContest
对于选民在选票上选择党派的竞赛,请使用 PartyContest。
此元素还可在选举结果 Feed 中用作虚拟的总结性竞选,以传达汇总数据(例如,汇总选区竞选结果的州级政党竞选)。
元素
下表介绍了 PartyContest 的元素:
| 元素 | 多样性 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
NumberElected |
0 或 1 | integer |
在竞选中当选的候选人数,即 n-of-m 竞选中的 n。如果 Feed 中没有 NumberElected,则使用默认值 1。 |
VotesAllowed |
0 或 1 | integer |
每位投票者在此竞赛中允许投出的票数或填写票数上限。如果 Feed 中没有 VotesAllowed,则使用默认值 1。 |
OfficeIds |
1 | IDREFS |
一个或多个 Office 元素的唯一标识符。
将办公场所说明与竞赛相关联。 |
Type |
0 个或更多 | ElectionType |
竞选的枚举类型,例如初选或普选。只有当 Contest 的类型与 Election 的类型不同时,才应设置 Contest 的类型。 |
示例
XML
<Contest xsi:type="PartyContest" objectId="pc20001"> <BallotSelection objectId="ps101321" xsi:type="PartySelection"> <PartyIds>par10132</PartyIds> </BallotSelection> <BallotSelection objectId="ps101322" xsi:type="PartySelection"> <PartyIds>par10133</PartyIds> </BallotSelection> <BallotTitle> <Text language="en">Ballot title example</Text> </BallotTitle> <ContestDateStatus>confirmed</ContestDateStatus> <CountingDate>2022-08-11</CountingDate> <ElectoralDistrictId>...</ElectoralDistrictId> <EndDate>2022-08-09</EndDate> <ExternalIdentifiers>...</ExternalIdentifiers> <Name>Contest name example</Name> <StartDate>2022-08-09</StartDate> <VoteVariation>1-of-m</VoteVariation> <OfficeIds>off9999a</OfficeIds> <Type>general</Type> <VotesAllowed>1</VotesAllowed> </Contest>
JSON
"Contest": [ { "@type": "PartyContest", "objectId": "pc20001", "BallotSelection": [ { "@type": "PartySelection", "objectId": "ps101321", "PartyIds": [ "par10132" ] } ], "BallotSelection": [ { "@type": "PartySelection", "objectId": "ps101322", "PartyIds": [ "par10133" ] } ], "BallotTitle": { "Text": [ { "value": "Ballot title example", "language": "en" } ] }, "ContestDateStatus": "confirmed", "CountingDate": "2022-08-11", "ElectoralDistrictId": "...", "EndDate": "2022-08-09", "ExternalIdentifiers": [ ... ], "Name": "Contest name example", "StartDate": "2022-08-09", "VoteVariation": "1-of-m", "OfficeIds": "off9999a", "Type": "general", "VotesAllowed": 1 } ]
BallotMeasureContest
对于涉及选票议案的竞选,请使用 BallotMeasureContest。
元素
下表介绍了 BallotMeasureContest 的元素:
| 元素 | 多样性 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
BallotTitle |
1 | InternationalizedText |
选票的正式标题,例如 有些公投只有一个总标题,但包含多个编号问题。在这种情况下,标题可以包含问题编号,以区分为每个问题创建的 |
BallotSubTitle |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
选票的副标题(如有)。 |
BallotText |
1 | InternationalizedText |
选票上显示的文字。例如:Shall
Article 4 of the Nevada Constitution be amended to require, beginning in
calendar year 2022, that all providers of electric utility services who
sell electricity... in Nevada comes from renewable energy
resources? |
FullText |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
投票措施的完整文本的副本。如果存在未包含在选票本身中的其他文字,请提供此元素。不得超过 30,000 个字符。 如果公投措施的全文短于 30,000 个字符,且不包含任何在 Feed 文件中无效的格式,请将其纳入 |
InfoUri |
0 或 1 | AnnotatedUri |
一个带注释的 URI,接受以下注释,而不是其他位置列出的注释:
|
SummaryText |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
投票表决议案的摘要。包含一到两个简短段落,可由合作伙伴生成,用于总结选票的全文,例如:
|
ProStatement |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
说明对相应投票措施投“赞成”票意味着什么。这并不是支持该措施的论点。例如:A "yes" vote supports this initiative to require electric
utilities to acquire 50 percent of their electricity from renewable
resources by 2030. |
ConStatement |
0 或 1 | InternationalizedText |
说明针对相应公投议案投“否”票的含义。这并不是反对该措施的理由。例如 A
"no" vote opposes this initiative, thus keeping the existing requirement
that electric utilities acquire 25 percent of their electricity from
renewable resources by 2025. |
Type |
0 或 1 | BallotMeasureType |
一种枚举类型的投票议案。选择最能描述相应管辖区内投票表决的价值。 |
PassageThreshold |
0 或 1 | string |
动议通过所需的最低票数比例。 |
示例
XML
<Contest objectId="bmc0" xsi:type="BallotMeasureContest"> <BallotSelection objectId="bms00" xsi:type="BallotMeasureSelection"> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>bmc0_yes</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Selection> <Text language="en">Yes</Text> </Selection> </BallotSelection> <BallotSelection objectId="bms01" xsi:type="BallotMeasureSelection"> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>bmc0_no</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Selection> <Text language="en">No</Text> </Selection> </BallotSelection> <BallotSubTitle> <Text language="en">Farm Animal Confinement Initiative</Text> </BallotSubTitle> <BallotTitle> <Text language="en"> California Proposition 12, Farm Animal Confinement Initiative (2018) </Text> </BallotTitle> <ElectoralDistrictId>ru_ca_1</ElectoralDistrictId> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>bmc0</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Name> California Proposition 12, Farm Animal Confinement Initiative (2018) </Name> <BallotText> <Text language="en"> Establishes minimum requirements for confining certain farm animals. Prohibits sales of meat and egg products from animals confined in noncomplying manner. Fiscal Impact: Potential decrease in state income tax revenues from farm businesses, likely not more than several million dollars annually. State costs up to $10 million annually to enforce the measure. </Text> </BallotText> <ConStatement> <Text language="en">No means the measure will not be enacted </Text> </ConStatement> <InfoUri Annotation="fulltext"> https://example-government.gov/ballot-measures/California_Proposition_12_2018 </InfoUri> <InfoUri Annotation="wikipedia"> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_California_Proposition_12 </InfoUri> <PassageThreshold> <Text language="en">50.01%</Text> </PassageThreshold> <ProStatement> <Text language="en">Yes means the measure will be enacted </Text> </ProStatement> <SummaryText> <Text language="en"> The proposition establishes new minimum requirements on farmers to provide more space for egg-laying hens, breeding pigs, and calves raised for veal. California businesses will be banned from selling eggs or uncooked pork or veal that came from animals housed in ways that did not meet these requirements. </Text> </SummaryText> <Type>ballot-measure</Type> </Contest>
JSON
"Contest": [ { "@type": "BallotMeasureContest", "objectId": "bmc0", "BallotSelection": [ { "@type": "BallotMeasureSelection", "objectId": "bms00", "ExternalIdentifiers": { "ExternalIdentifier" : [ { "Type": "other", "OtherType": "stable", "Value": "bmc0_yes" } ] } } "Text": [ { "value": "Yes", "language": "en" }, ] ], "BallotSelection": [ { "@type": "BallotMeasureSelection", "objectId": "bms01", "ExternalIdentifiers": { "ExternalIdentifier" : [ { "Type": "other", "OtherType": "stable", "Value": "bmc0_no" } ] } } "Text": [ { "value": "No", "language": "en" }, ] ], "BallotSubTitle": { "Text": [ { "value": "Farm Animal Confinement Initiative", "language": "en" } ] }, "BallotTitle": { "Text": [ { "value": "California Proposition 12, Farm Animal Confinement Initiative (2018)", "language": "en" } ] }, "ElectoralDistrictId": "ru_ca_1" "ExternalIdentifiers": { "ExternalIdentifier" : [ { "Type": "other", "OtherType": "stable", "Value": "bmc0" } ] }, "Name": "California Proposition 12, Farm Animal Confinement Initiative (2018)", "BallotText": [ "Text": [ { "value": "Establishes minimum requirements for confining certain farm animals. Prohibits sales of meat and egg products from animals confined in noncomplying manner. Fiscal Impact: Potential decrease in state income tax revenues from farm businesses, likely not more than several million dollars annually. State costs up to $10 million annually to enforce the measure.", "language": "en" } ] ], "ConStatement": [ "Text": [ { "value": "No means the measure will not be enacted", "language": "en" } ] ], "InfoUri": [ { "value": "https://example-government.gov/ballot-measures/California_Proposition_12_2018", "annotation": "fulltext" } ], "InfoUri": [ { "value": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_California_Proposition_12", "annotation": "wikipedia" } ], "PassageThreshold": [ "Text": [ { "value": "50.01%", "language": "en" } ] ], "ProStatement": [ "Text": [ { "value": "Yes means the measure will be enacted", "language": "en" } ] ], "SummaryText": [ "Text": [ { "value": "The proposition establishes new minimum requirements on farmers to provide more space for egg-laying hens, breeding pigs, and calves raised for veal. California businesses will be banned from selling eggs or uncooked pork or veal that came from animals housed in ways that did not meet these requirements.", "language": "en" } ] ], "Type": "ballot-measure", } ]
RetentionContest
如果 Contest 涉及通过全民公投来决定民选官员是否应继续任职或被免职,请使用此类型。
这包括美国某些州的法官留任竞选,此类竞选会决定法官是否应继续任职。它也适用于罢免选举,即在官员任期结束之前决定是否应罢免该官员。
元素
BallotMeasureContest 中的所有元素也适用于 RetentionContest。
| 元素 | 多样性 | 类型 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
CandidateID |
1 | IDREF | 代表当前在任的官员的候选人的 ID |
OfficeID |
0 或 1 | IDREF | 任职者目前担任的职务的 ID |
示例
XML
<Contest objectId="rc40001" xsi:type="RetentionContest"> <!-- Retention contest selections are actually BallotMeasureSelection objects, and should use the 'bms' objectId prefix.--> <BallotSelection objectId="bms40001a" xsi:type="BallotMeasureSelection"> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>bmc_bms40001a</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Selection label="bms40001at"> <Text language="en">Yes</Text> </Selection> </BallotSelection> <BallotSelection objectId="bms40001b" xsi:type="BallotMeasureSelection"> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>bmc_bms40001at</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Selection label="bms40001bt"> <Text language="en">No</Text> </Selection> </BallotSelection> <BallotTitle> <Text language="en">Retention of Supreme Court Justice</Text> </BallotTitle> <ElectoralDistrictId>ru0002</ElectoralDistrictId> <ExternalIdentifiers> <ExternalIdentifier> <Type>other</Type> <OtherType>stable</OtherType> <Value>vageneral-cont-2013-va16-country-us</Value> </ExternalIdentifier> </ExternalIdentifiers> <Name>Judicial Retention, Supreme Court</Name> <CandidateId>can12345</CandidateId> <OfficeId>off20006</OfficeId> </Contest>