Recipe

Mark up your recipe content with structured data to provide rich results and host-specific lists for your recipes, such as reviewer ratings, cooking and preparation times, and nutrition information. Your page is eligible for different features depending on how you add structured data to your page:

• Search: Add recipe structured data to drive better engagement in Search with rich results.
• Guidance: Enable the Google Assistant to guide users through your recipes on Google Home and smart displays.
• Carousel: Add carousel structured data to enable your recipe to appear in a carousel of rich results. This can include images, page logos, and other interesting search result features.
• AMP: Build your recipe pages with AMP to provide instant-loading recipes.

By structuring your content according to this guide, your content may automatically enable the following features:

• Recipe badge in mobile image Search results
• Content action on the Google Assistant

Note: Support for recipe content on smart displays is currently only available to select partners. If you would like your recipe content to appear on smart displays, fill out the interest form.

Try our new Structured Data Codelab. This codelab walks you through adding recipe and review structured data to a simple HTML site, including where to place structured data on a site and how to validate it.

Examples

Here are some examples of recipes using JSON-LD code in the Structured Data Testing Tool.

Note: The actual appearance in Search results might be different. Preview the structured data in the Structured Data Testing tool for the most up-to-date layout.

Recipe example

Here's an example of a page with recipe and guidance structured data. This content can be eligible to be displayed as a rich result in Search results and guidance with the Google Assistant on Google Home and smart displays.

{ "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Recipe", "name": "Party Coffee Cake", "image": [ "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg" ], "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Mary Stone" }, "datePublished": "2018-03-10", "description": "This coffee cake is awesome and perfect for parties.", "prepTime": "PT20M", "cookTime": "PT30M", "totalTime": "PT50M", "keywords": "cake for a party, coffee", "recipeYield": "10 servings", "recipeCategory": "Dessert", "recipeCuisine": "American", "nutrition": { "@type": "NutritionInformation", "calories": "270 calories" }, "recipeIngredient": [ "2 cups of flour", "3/4 cup white sugar", "2 teaspoons baking powder", "1/2 teaspoon salt", "1/2 cup butter", "2 eggs", "3/4 cup milk" ], "recipeInstructions": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Grease and flour a 9x9 inch pan." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "In a large bowl, combine flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Mix in the butter, eggs, and milk." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Spread into the prepared pan." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Bake for 30 to 35 minutes, or until firm." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Allow to cool." } ], "aggregateRating": { "@type": "AggregateRating", "ratingValue": "5", "ratingCount": "18" }, "video": [ { "@type": "VideoObject", "name": "How to make a Party Coffee Cake", "description": "This is how you make a Party Coffee Cake.", "thumbnailUrl": [ "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg" ], "contentUrl": "http://www.example.com/video123.mp4", "embedUrl": "http://www.example.com/videoplayer?video=123", "uploadDate": "2018-02-05T08:00:00+08:00", "duration": "PT1M33S", "interactionCount": "2347", "expires": "2019-02-05T08:00:00+08:00" } ] }

Carousel example

Here's an example of a recipe summary page (a page with a list of recipes) with itemList structured data. This content can be eligible to be displayed in a carousel in Search results.

{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "ItemList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "url": "https://example.com/apple-pie.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "url": "https://example.com/blueberry-pie.html" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "url": "https://example.com/cherry-pie.html" } ] }

Guidelines

You must follow the general structured data guidelines for your recipe to be eligible to appear in Search results. To enable your recipe for guidance with Google Assistant on Google Home and smart displays, make sure your content follows the content restrictions policy for Actions on Google.

If you violate these policies, your recipe might not show up as a rich result, but your content will still appear in Search results. Read about Spammy Structured Markup.

The following guidelines apply to recipe structured data.

• Use recipe structured data for content about preparing a particular dish. For example, "facial scrub" or "party ideas" are not valid names for a dish.
• To enable your recipes to appear in a host-specific list, you must follow these guidelines:
  • Provide ItemList structured data to summarize the recipes for your list. You can provide ItemList structured data separately or together with recipe structured data.
  • Your site must have a summary page that lists all the recipes in the collection. For example, when a user clicks the summary link from Search results, they are properly directed to a page on your site listing the recipes related to their search.

Structured data type definitions

You must include the required properties for your content to be eligible for display as a rich result or other experiences on Google. You can also include the recommended properties to add more information about your content, which could provide a better user experience.

ItemList

The full definition of ItemList is available at schema.org/ItemList.

In addition to Recipe properties, add the following properties for host-specific lists. While ItemList isn't required, you must add the following properties if you want your recipe to be eligible for a host carousel. For more information about host-specific lists, see Carousel.

Required properties
itemListElement	ListItem Annotation for a single item page.
ListItem.position	Integer Ordinal position of the item page in the list. For example: "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, } ]
ListItem.url	URL The canonical URL of the item page. Every item should have a unique URL.

Recipe

The full definition of Recipe is available at schema.org/Recipe. Mark up your recipe content with the following properties of the schema.org Recipe type. In addition to the required properties, mark up as many of the recommended properties as possible to drive better engagement in Search.

To enable your recipe for guidance with the Google Assistant on Google Home and smart displays, make sure you add recipeIngredient and recipeInstructions. If your recipe doesn't have these properties, the recipe isn't eligible for guidance, but may still be eligible to appear in Search results.

Required properties
image	URL or ImageObject Image of the completed dish. Additional image guidelines: Every page must contain at least one image (whether or not you include markup). Google will pick the best image to display in Search results based on the aspect ratio and resolution. Image URLs must be crawlable and indexable. Images must represent the marked up content. Images must be in .jpg, .png, or. gif format. For best results, provide multiple high-resolution images (minimum of 50K pixels when multiplying width and height) with the following aspect ratios: 16x9, 4x3, and 1x1. For example: "image": [ "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg" ]
name	Text The name of the dish.

Recommended properties
aggregateRating	AggregateRating Annotation for the average review score assigned to the item. Follow the Review snippet guidelines and list of required and recommended AggregateRating properties. If the recipe structured data contains a single review, the reviewer’s name must be a valid person or organization. For example, "50% off ingredients" is not a valid name for a reviewer.
author	Person Creator of the recipe.
cookTime	Duration The time it takes to actually cook the dish in ISO 8601 format. You can use min and max as child elements to specify a range of time. Always use in combination with prepTime.
datePublished	Date The date the recipe was published in ISO 8601 format.
description	Text A short summary describing the dish.
keywords	Text Other terms for your recipe such as the season (“summer”), the holiday (“Halloween“), or other descriptors (“quick”, “easy”, “authentic”). Additional guidelines Separate multiple entries in a keywords list with commas. Don't use a tag that should be in recipeCategory or recipeCuisine. Not recommended "keywords": "dessert, American" Recommended "keywords": "winter apple pie, nutmeg crust"
nutrition.calories	Energy The number of calories in each serving.
prepTime	Duration The length of time it takes to prepare the dish, in ISO 8601 format. You can use min and max as child elements to specify a range of time. Always use in combination with cookTime.
recipeCategory	Text The type of meal or course your recipe is about. For example: "dinner", "entree", or "dessert, snack".
recipeCuisine	Text The region associated with your recipe. For example, "French", Mediterranean", or "American".
recipeIngredient	Text An ingredient used in the recipe. This property is recommended for recipes on Google Search, but it's required for guidance with the Google Assistant on Google Home and smart displays. For example: "recipeIngredient": [ "1 (15 ounce) package double crust ready-to-use pie crust", "6 cups thinly sliced, peeled apples (6 medium)", "3/4 cup sugar", "2 tablespoons all-purpose flour", "3/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon", "1/4 teaspoon salt", "1/8 teaspoon ground nutmeg", "1 tablespoon lemon juice" ] Additional guidelines: Include only the ingredient text that is necessary for making the recipe. Don't include unnecessary information, such as a definition of the ingredient.
recipeInstructions	Text The steps to make the dish. This property is recommended for recipes on Google Search, but it's required for guidance with the Google Assistant on Google Home and smart displays. There are several options for setting the value of recipeInstructions. We recommend using HowToStep or HowToSection: HowToStep: You can specify the exact text for each step sentence by setting the value of each HowToStep. This provides hints to the Google Assistant, but note it may group the recipe steps differently based on the context. HowToStep example "recipeInstructions": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Heat oven to 425°F." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Place 1 pie crust in ungreased 9-inch glass pie plate, pressing firmly against side and bottom." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "In large bowl, gently mix filling ingredients; spoon into crust-lined pie plate." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Top with second crust." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Cut slits or shapes in several places in top crust." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Bake 40 to 45 minutes or until apples are tender and crust is golden brown." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Cool on cooling rack at least 2 hours before serving." } ] HowToSection (only if a recipe has multiple sections): Use to group steps into multiple sections. Provide the section name in its name property (for example, “Make the crust”) and specify each HowToStep as an itemListElement. Set the text property of each HowToStep. For example, a pizza recipe may have one section of steps for making the crust, one for preparing the toppings, and one for combining and baking. If you don't indicate multiple sections, the Google Assistant may mistakenly present the section name as just another step (for example, a “Make the crust” step followed by a “Combine the flour and yeast” step). HowToSection example "recipeInstructions": [ { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Prepare the Crust", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Heat oven to 425°F." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Place 1 pie crust in ungreased 9-inch glass pie plate." } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Add the Filling", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "In large bowl, gently mix filling ingredients; spoon into crust-lined pie plate." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Top with second crust." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Cut slits or shapes in several places in top crust." } ] }, { "@type": "HowToSection", "name": "Bake", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Bake 40 to 45 minutes or until apples are tender and crust is golden brown." }, { "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Cool on cooling rack at least 2 hours before serving." } ] } ] Single or repeated property of text: A block of text that includes one or more steps. Google treats all steps as being in a single section. Repeated property values are concatenated into a single block of text. Google then attempts to automatically split the single block of text into individual steps. Google tries to find and remove any section names, step numbers, keywords, and anything else that can incorrectly appear in recipe step text. For best results, we recommend you unambiguously specify individual step sentences with HowToStep, as described above. Single property of text example "recipeInstructions": [ "In large bowl, gently mix filling ingredients; spoon into crust-lined pie plate. Top with second crust. Cut slits or shapes in several places in top crust. Bake 40 to 45 minutes or until apples are tender and crust is golden brown. Cool on cooling rack at least 2 hours before serving." ] Additional guidelines Don't include metadata that belongs elsewhere. In particular, use the author property to specify the author, recipeCuisine for cuisine, recipeCategory for category, and keywords for other keywords. Include only text on how to make the recipe and don't include other text such as “Directions”, “Watch the video”, “Step 1”. Those phrases should be specified outside of the structured data. Not recommended "recipeInstructions": [{ "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Step 1. Heat oven to 425°F." }] Recommended "recipeInstructions": [{ "@type": "HowToStep", "text": "Heat oven to 425°F." }]
recipeYield	Text The quantity produced by the recipe. For example: number of people served, or number of servings.
totalTime	Duration The total time it takes to prepare the cook the dish, in ISO 8601 format. You can use min and max as child elements to specify a range of time. Use totalTime or a combination of both cookTime and prepTime.
video	VideoObject An array of video properties that depict the recipe on the page. Follow the list of required and recommended Video properties. Here's an example: { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Recipe", "video": [ { "name": "Party Coffee Cake", "description": "How to make Party Coffee Cake.", "thumbnailUrl": [ "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg" ], "contentUrl": "http://www.example.com/videos/123_600x400.mp4", "embedUrl": "http://www.example.com/videoplayer?id=123", "uploadDate": "2018-02-05T08:00:00+08:00" } ] }