Memberi markup pada FAQ Anda dengan data terstruktur

Halaman Pertanyaan Umum (FAQ) berisi daftar pertanyaan dan jawaban yang berkaitan dengan topik tertentu. Halaman FAQ yang di-markup dengan benar dapat memenuhi syarat untuk memiliki hasil kaya di Penelusuran dan Action di Asisten Google. Hal ini dapat membantu situs Anda menjangkau pengguna yang tepat. Berikut adalah contoh hasil kaya FAQ:

Bagaimana cara menambahkan data terstruktur

Data terstruktur adalah format terstandarisasi untuk memberikan informasi tentang suatu halaman dan mengelompokkan konten halaman tersebut. Jika baru mengenal data terstruktur, Anda dapat mempelajari lebih lanjut cara kerja data terstruktur.

Berikut adalah ringkasan tentang cara membuat, menguji, dan merilis data terstruktur. Untuk panduan langkah demi langkah tentang cara menambahkan data terstruktur ke halaman web, lihat codelab data terstruktur.

Tambahkan properti wajib. Untuk informasi tentang tempat untuk menempatkan data terstruktur di halaman, tonton Data terstruktur JSON-LD: Tempat untuk menyisipkan di halaman.
Ikuti panduan.
Validasi kode Anda menggunakan Alat Pengujian Hasil Kaya.
Deploy beberapa halaman yang menyertakan data terstruktur dan gunakan Alat Inspeksi URL untuk menguji cara Google melihat halaman tersebut. Pastikan halaman Anda dapat diakses oleh Google dan tidak diblokir oleh file robots.txt, tag noindex, atau persyaratan login. Jika halaman tidak bermasalah, Anda dapat meminta Google meng-crawl ulang URL Anda.
Catatan: Tunggu hingga crawling dan pengindeksan ulang selesai. Perlu diingat bahwa Google mungkin memerlukan waktu beberapa hari untuk mencari dan meng-crawl halaman setelah memublikasikannya.
Agar Google tetap mengetahui setiap perubahan di masa mendatang, sebaiknya Anda mengirimkan peta situs. Anda dapat mengotomatiskan proses ini dengan API Peta Situs Search Console.

Ketersediaan fitur

Hasil kaya FAQ tersedia di semua negara dan bahasa yang menyediakan Google Penelusuran. Fitur ini tersedia di perangkat desktop dan seluler.

Contoh

JSON-LD

Berikut adalah contoh FAQPage dalam JSON-LD:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Example Site - Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)</title>
    <script type="application/ld+json">
    {
      "@context": "https://schema.org",
      "@type": "FAQPage",
      "mainEntity": [{
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is the return policy?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Most unopened items in new condition and returned within <strong>90 days</strong> will receive a refund or exchange. Some items have a modified return policy noted on the receipt or packing slip. Items that are opened or damaged or do not have a receipt may be denied a refund or exchange. Items purchased online or in-store may be returned to any store.<br /><p>Online purchases may be returned via a major parcel carrier. <a href=http://example.com/returns> Click here </a> to initiate a return.</p>"
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How long does it take to process a refund?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "We will reimburse you for returned items in the same way you paid for them. For example, any amounts deducted from a gift card will be credited back to a gift card. For returns by mail, once we receive your return, we will process it within 4–5 business days. It may take up to 7 days after we process the return to reflect in your account, depending on your financial institution's processing time."
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is the policy for late/non-delivery of items ordered online?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Our local teams work diligently to make sure that your order arrives on time, within our normaldelivery hours of 9AM to 8PM in the recipient's time zone. During  busy holiday periods like Christmas, Valentine's and Mother's Day, we may extend our delivery hours before 9AM and after 8PM to ensure that all gifts are delivered on time. If for any reason your gift does not arrive on time, our dedicated Customer Service agents will do everything they can to help successfully resolve your issue. <br/> <p><a href=https://example.com/orders/>Click here</a> to complete the form with your order-related question(s).</p>"
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "When will my credit card be charged?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "We'll attempt to securely charge your credit card at the point of purchase online. If there's a problem, you'll be notified on the spot and prompted to use another card. Once we receive verification of sufficient funds, your payment will be completed and transferred securely to us. Your account will be charged in 24 to 48 hours."
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Will I be charged sales tax for online orders?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text":"Local and State sales tax will be collected if your recipient's mailing address is in: <ul><li>Arizona</li><li>California</li><li>Colorado</li></ul>"}
        }]
    }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Example Site - Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)</title>
    <script type="application/ld+json">
    {
      "@context": "https://schema.org",
      "@type": "FAQPage",
      "mainEntity": [{
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is the return policy?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Most unopened items in new condition and returned within <strong>90 days</strong> will receive a refund or exchange. Some items have a modified return policy noted on the receipt or packing slip. Items that are opened or damaged or do not have a receipt may be denied a refund or exchange. Items purchased online or in-store may be returned to any store.<br /><p>Online purchases may be returned via a major parcel carrier. <a href=http://example.com/returns> Click here </a> to initiate a return.</p>"
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "How long does it take to process a refund?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "We will reimburse you for returned items in the same way you paid for them. For example, any amounts deducted from a gift card will be credited back to a gift card. For returns by mail, once we receive your return, we will process it within 4–5 business days. It may take up to 7 days after we process the return to reflect in your account, depending on your financial institution's processing time."
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "What is the policy for late/non-delivery of items ordered online?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "Our local teams work diligently to make sure that your order arrives on time, within our normaldelivery hours of 9AM to 8PM in the recipient's time zone. During  busy holiday periods like Christmas, Valentine's and Mother's Day, we may extend our delivery hours before 9AM and after 8PM to ensure that all gifts are delivered on time. If for any reason your gift does not arrive on time, our dedicated Customer Service agents will do everything they can to help successfully resolve your issue. <br/> <p><a href=https://example.com/orders/>Click here</a> to complete the form with your order-related question(s).</p>"
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "When will my credit card be charged?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text": "We'll attempt to securely charge your credit card at the point of purchase online. If there's a problem, you'll be notified on the spot and prompted to use another card. Once we receive verification of sufficient funds, your payment will be completed and transferred securely to us. Your account will be charged in 24 to 48 hours."
        }
      }, {
        "@type": "Question",
        "name": "Will I be charged sales tax for online orders?",
        "acceptedAnswer": {
          "@type": "Answer",
          "text":"Local and State sales tax will be collected if your recipient's mailing address is in: <ul><li>Arizona</li><li>California</li><li>Colorado</li></ul>"}
        }]
    }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

Microdata

Berikut adalah contoh FAQPage dalam Microdata:

<html itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/FAQPage">
<head>
  <title>Example Site - Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)</title>
    </head>
<body>
  <div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
    <h3 itemprop="name">What is the return policy?</h3>
    <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
      <div itemprop="text">
        Most unopened items in new condition and returned within <strong>90 days</strong> will receive a refund or exchange. Some items have a modified return policy noted on the receipt or packing slip. Items that are opened or damaged or do not have a receipt may be denied a refund or exchange. Items purchased online or in-store may be returned to any store.
        <br /><p>Online purchases may be returned via a major parcel carrier. <a href="http://example.com/returns"> Click here </a> to initiate a return.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
    <h3 itemprop="name">How long does it take to process a refund?</h3>
    <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
      <div itemprop="text">
        We will reimburse you for returned items in the same way you paid for them. For example, any amounts deducted from a gift card will be credited back to a gift card. For returns by mail, once we receive your return, we will process it within 4–5 business days. It may take up to 7 days after we process the return to reflect in your account, depending on your financial institution's processing time.
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">What is the policy for late/non-delivery of items ordered online?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      Our local teams work diligently to make sure that your order arrives on time, within our normal delivery hours of 9AM to 8PM in the recipient's time zone. During  busy holiday periods like Christmas, Valentine's and Mother's Day, we may extend our delivery hours before 9AM and after 8PM to ensure that all gifts are delivered on time. If for any reason your gift does not arrive on time, our dedicated Customer Service agents will do everything they can to help successfully resolve your issue.
      <br/> <p><a href="https://example.com/orders/">Click here</a> to complete the form with your order-related question(s).</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">When will my credit card be charged?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      We'll attempt to securely charge your credit card at the point of purchase online. If there's a problem, you'll be notified on the spot and prompted to use another card. Once we receive verification of sufficient funds, your payment will be completed and transferred securely to us. Your account will be charged in 24 to 48 hours.
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">Will I be charged sales tax for online orders?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      Local and State sales tax will be collected if your recipient's mailing address is in:
      <ul>
        <li>Arizona</li>
        <li>California</li>
        <li>Colorado</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
  </body>
</html>

<html itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/FAQPage">
<head>
  <title>Example Site - Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)</title>
    </head>
<body>
  <div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
    <h3 itemprop="name">What is the return policy?</h3>
    <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
      <div itemprop="text">
        Most unopened items in new condition and returned within <strong>90 days</strong> will receive a refund or exchange. Some items have a modified return policy noted on the receipt or packing slip. Items that are opened or damaged or do not have a receipt may be denied a refund or exchange. Items purchased online or in-store may be returned to any store.
        <br /><p>Online purchases may be returned via a major parcel carrier. <a href="http://example.com/returns"> Click here </a> to initiate a return.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
    <h3 itemprop="name">How long does it take to process a refund?</h3>
    <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
      <div itemprop="text">
        We will reimburse you for returned items in the same way you paid for them. For example, any amounts deducted from a gift card will be credited back to a gift card. For returns by mail, once we receive your return, we will process it within 4–5 business days. It may take up to 7 days after we process the return to reflect in your account, depending on your financial institution's processing time.
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">What is the policy for late/non-delivery of items ordered online?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      Our local teams work diligently to make sure that your order arrives on time, within our normal delivery hours of 9AM to 8PM in the recipient's time zone. During  busy holiday periods like Christmas, Valentine's and Mother's Day, we may extend our delivery hours before 9AM and after 8PM to ensure that all gifts are delivered on time. If for any reason your gift does not arrive on time, our dedicated Customer Service agents will do everything they can to help successfully resolve your issue.
      <br/> <p><a href="https://example.com/orders/">Click here</a> to complete the form with your order-related question(s).</p>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">When will my credit card be charged?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      We'll attempt to securely charge your credit card at the point of purchase online. If there's a problem, you'll be notified on the spot and prompted to use another card. Once we receive verification of sufficient funds, your payment will be completed and transferred securely to us. Your account will be charged in 24 to 48 hours.
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div itemscope itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Question">
  <h3 itemprop="name">Will I be charged sales tax for online orders?</h3>
  <div itemscope itemprop="acceptedAnswer" itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer">
    <div itemprop="text">
      Local and State sales tax will be collected if your recipient's mailing address is in:
      <ul>
        <li>Arizona</li>
        <li>California</li>
        <li>Colorado</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
  </body>
</html>

Panduan

Agar halaman FAQ Anda memenuhi syarat untuk hasil kaya FAQ, Anda harus mengikuti pedoman berikut:

Pedoman konten

Hanya gunakan FAQPage jika halaman Anda memiliki daftar pertanyaan disertai jawaban. Jika halaman Anda memiliki satu pertanyaan dan pengguna dapat mengirimkan jawaban alternatif, gunakan QAPage. Berikut beberapa contohnya:
Kasus penggunaan yang valid:
- Halaman FAQ yang ditulis oleh situs itu sendiri, tanpa memberi kesempatan bagi pengguna untuk mengirimkan jawaban alternatif
- Halaman dukungan produk yang mencantumkan FAQ, tanpa memberi kesempatan bagi pengguna untuk mengirimkan jawaban alternatif
Kasus penggunaan yang tidak valid:
- Halaman forum tempat pengguna dapat mengirimkan beberapa jawaban untuk satu pertanyaan
- Halaman dukungan produk tempat pengguna dapat mengirimkan beberapa jawaban untuk satu pertanyaan
- Halaman produk yang memungkinkan pengguna mengirimkan beberapa pertanyaan dan jawaban dalam satu halaman
Jangan gunakan FAQPage untuk tujuan iklan.
Pastikan setiap Question mencakup seluruh teks pertanyaan dan pastikan setiap Answer mencakup seluruh teks jawaban. Seluruh pertanyaan dan teks jawaban dapat ditampilkan.
Konten pertanyaan dan jawaban mungkin tidak ditampilkan sebagai hasil kaya jika berisi salah satu jenis konten berikut: vulgar, tidak sopan, eksplisit secara seksual, mengandung kekerasan yang gamblang, mendorong aktivitas berbahaya atau ilegal, maupun ujaran kebencian atau pelecehan.
Semua konten FAQ harus dapat dilihat oleh pengguna di halaman sumber.
Jika Anda memiliki konten FAQ yang berulang di situs Anda (artinya, pertanyaan dan jawaban yang sama muncul di beberapa halaman di situs), cukup markup satu instance dari FAQ tersebut untuk seluruh situs Anda.

Definisi jenis data terstruktur

Anda harus menyertakan properti wajib agar konten Anda memenuhi syarat untuk ditampilkan sebagai hasil kaya. Anda juga dapat menyertakan properti yang direkomendasikan untuk menambahkan informasi lainnya ke data terstruktur yang dapat memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang lebih baik.

`FAQPage`

Definisi lengkap FAQPage tersedia di schema.org.

Jenis FAQPage menunjukkan bahwa halaman tersebut adalah FAQ dengan pertanyaan yang sudah dijawab. Harus ada satu definisi jenis FAQPage per halaman.

Properti wajib
`mainEntity`	`Question` Array elemen `Question` yang berisi daftar pertanyaan yang sudah dijawab berkaitan dengan topik `FAQPage` ini.

`Question`

Definisi lengkap Question tersedia di schema.org.

Jenis Question menjelaskan satu pertanyaan yang sudah dijawab dalam FAQ. Setiap instance Question harus berada dalam array properti mainEntity dari schema.org/FAQPage.

Properti wajib
`acceptedAnswer`	`Answer` Jawaban atas pertanyaan. Harus ada satu jawaban per pertanyaan.
`name`	`Text` Teks lengkap pertanyaan. Misalnya, "Berapa lama waktu yang diperlukan untuk memproses pengembalian dana?".

`Answer`

Definisi lengkap Answer tersedia di schema.org.

Jenis Answer menjelaskan acceptedAnswer untuk masing-masing Question di halaman ini.

Properti wajib
`text`	`Text` Jawaban lengkap atas pertanyaan. Jawaban dapat berisi konten HTML, seperti link dan daftar. Google Penelusuran menampilkan tag HTML berikut; semua tag lainnya diabaikan: `<h1>` melalui `<h6>`, `<br>`, `<ol>`, `<ul>`, `<li>`, `<a>`, `<p>`, `<div>`, `<b>`, `<strong>`, `<i>`, dan `<em>`.

Memantau hasil kaya dengan Search Console

Search Console adalah alat yang dapat membantu Anda memantau performa halaman Anda di Google Penelusuran. Anda tidak perlu mendaftar ke Search Console agar halaman Anda dapat disertakan dalam hasil Google Penelusuran. Tetapi dengan mendaftar, Anda dapat memahami dan meningkatkan cara Google melihat situs Anda dengan mudah. Sebaiknya Anda memeriksa Search Console dalam kasus berikut:

Setelah men-deploy data terstruktur untuk pertama kalinya
Setelah merilis template baru atau memperbarui kode
Menganalisis traffic secara berkala

Setelah men-deploy data terstruktur untuk pertama kalinya

Setelah Google mengindeks halaman Anda, temukan masalah menggunakan laporan status Hasil kaya yang relevan. Idealnya, Anda akan melihat peningkatan jumlah halaman yang valid, sedangkan jumlah error dan peringatan tidak berubah. Jika Anda menemukan masalah pada data terstruktur Anda:

Perbaiki error.
Periksa URL aktif untuk memeriksa apakah masalah terus berlanjut.
Minta validasi menggunakan laporan status.

Setelah merilis template baru atau memperbarui kode Anda

Jika Anda membuat perubahan yang signifikan pada situs, pantau peningkatan error dan peringatan data terstruktur.

Jika terjadi peningkatan error, mungkin Anda meluncurkan template baru yang tidak berfungsi, atau situs Anda berinteraksi dengan template yang ada dengan cara baru yang salah.
Jika terjadi penurunan item yang valid (tidak cocok dengan peningkatan error), mungkin Anda tidak lagi menyematkan data terstruktur di halaman Anda. Gunakan Alat Inspeksi URL untuk mempelajari penyebab masalah tersebut.

Menganalisis traffic secara berkala

Analisis traffic Google Penelusuran Anda menggunakan Laporan Performa. Data akan menunjukkan seberapa sering halaman Anda muncul sebagai hasil kaya di Penelusuran, seberapa sering pengguna mengkliknya, dan posisi rata-rata halaman Anda saat muncul di hasil penelusuran. Anda juga dapat otomatis menarik hasil ini dengan Search Console API.

Pemecahan masalah

Jika Anda mengalami masalah saat menerapkan data terstruktur, berikut beberapa referensi yang dapat membantu Anda.

Anda mungkin mengalami error pada data terstruktur. Periksa daftar error data terstruktur.
Memecahkan masalah hasil kaya yang tidak muncul atau jumlah hasil kaya berkurang.
Untuk pertanyaan umum tentang crawling dan pengindeksan, lihat FAQ Webmaster.
Catatan: Tunggu hingga crawling dan pengindeksan ulang selesai. Perlu diingat bahwa Google mungkin memerlukan waktu beberapa hari untuk mencari dan meng-crawl halaman setelah halaman tersebut ditayangkan.
Ajukan pertanyaan di Webmaster Office Hours.
Posting pertanyaan di Forum webmaster.