Streaming peristiwa dan integrasi UI

Selama Agentic Workflows, class AgentRunner dan antarmuka AgentSession memancarkan aliran peristiwa reaktif yang mewakili proses penalaran model, pemanggilan alat, dan respons tekstual. Halaman ini menunjukkan cara mengumpulkan peristiwa dan menghubungkannya ke UI menggunakan Coroutine Kotlin dan Jetpack Compose.

Memahami antarmuka AgentEvent

Metode AgentSession.runAsync() dan AgentRunner.runSingleTurnAsync() menampilkan aliran data Flow<AgentEvent>. Daripada menunggu seluruh reasoning loop selesai, aplikasi Anda akan menerima update real-time saat agen mengeksekusi:

Event type

Deskripsi

Tindakan UI umum

AgentEvent.TextMessage

Memunculkan potongan teks inkremental (isPartial = true) diikuti dengan respons lengkap akhir (isPartial = false) yang dihasilkan oleh Gemini Nano.

Tambahkan event.text ke balon percakapan aktif saat event.isPartial adalah true (atau gunakan fungsi ekstensi textTokens()).

AgentEvent.FunctionCall

Dipancarkan saat Gemini Nano memilih alat dan bersiap untuk menjalankannya (menyediakan event.name dan event.args).

Menampilkan indikator dalam proses (misalnya, "Memeriksa status pesanan...").

AgentEvent.FunctionResponse

Dikeluarkan saat aplikasi selesai menjalankan fungsi alat (menyediakan event.name dan event.response).

Ubah status alat menjadi selesai.

Mengumpulkan peristiwa di class ViewModel

Gunakan class ViewModel Android untuk mengoordinasikan pengiriman perintah dan mengekspos status UI ke layar Compose Anda:

package com.example.ai.agent.ui

import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
import com.google.mlkit.genai.agent.AgentEvent
import com.google.mlkit.genai.agent.AgentRunner
import com.google.mlkit.genai.agent.AgentSession
import com.google.mlkit.genai.common.GenAiException
import com.google.mlkit.genai.prompt.Content
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.catch
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch

data class AgentUiState(
    val messages: List<String> = emptyList(),
    val currentResponse: String = "",
    val activeToolStatus: String? = null,
    val isLoading: Boolean = false,
    val errorMessage: String? = null
)

class ChatViewModel(
    private val runner: AgentRunner,
    private val sessionId: String = "default_chat_session"
) : ViewModel() {

    private val session: AgentSession = runner.getOrCreateSession(sessionId)

    private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow(AgentUiState())
    val uiState: StateFlow<AgentUiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()

    fun sendMessage(userText: String) {
        _uiState.update {
            it.copy(
                messages = it.messages + userText,
                currentResponse = "",
                activeToolStatus = null,
                isLoading = true,
                errorMessage = null
            )
        }

        viewModelScope.launch {
            val content = Content.builder().text(userText).build()
            session.runAsync(content)
                .catch { e ->
                    val message = when {
                        e is GenAiException && e.errorCode == GenAiException.ErrorCode.MAX_TURNS_EXCEEDED ->
                            "Agent exceeded the maximum reasoning turns allowed."
                        e is GenAiException && e.errorCode == GenAiException.ErrorCode.NOT_AVAILABLE ->
                            "On-device AI is currently unavailable."
                        e is GenAiException && e.errorCode == GenAiException.ErrorCode.BUSY ->
                            "On-device AI is busy. Please try again."
                        else -> e.localizedMessage ?: "Agent error"
                    }
                    _uiState.update {
                        it.copy(
                            isLoading = false,
                            activeToolStatus = null,
                            errorMessage = message
                        )
                    }
                }
                .collect { event ->
                    when (event) {
                        is AgentEvent.TextMessage -> {
                            _uiState.update {
                                it.copy(
                                    currentResponse = if (event.isPartial) {
                                        it.currentResponse + event.text
                                    } else {
                                        event.text.ifEmpty { it.currentResponse }
                                    },
                                    activeToolStatus = null
                                )
                            }
                        }
                        is AgentEvent.FunctionCall -> {
                            _uiState.update {
                                it.copy(
                                    activeToolStatus =
                                        "Executing ${event.name}..."
                                )
                            }
                        }
                        is AgentEvent.FunctionResponse -> {
                            _uiState.update {
                                it.copy(
                                    activeToolStatus =
                                        "Received data from ${event.name}"
                                )
                            }
                        }
                        else -> {}
                    }
                }

            // Finalize message once stream completes
            _uiState.update {
                it.copy(
                    messages = it.messages + it.currentResponse,
                    currentResponse = "",
                    activeToolStatus = null,
                    isLoading = false
                )
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onCleared() {
        super.onCleared()
        // Release session memory and cancel active coroutines
        session.close()
    }
}

Mengekstrak token teks secara langsung

Untuk antarmuka percakapan yang detail eksekusi alatnya tidak perlu ditampilkan secara terpisah di UI, gunakan fungsi ekstensi textTokens() di antarmuka Flow<AgentEvent>:

import com.google.mlkit.genai.agent.textTokens
import com.google.mlkit.genai.prompt.Content

val content = Content.builder().text(userText).build()
session.runAsync(content)
    .textTokens()
    .collect { token ->
        appendTokenToChatBubble(token)
    }

Merender di Jetpack Compose

Gunakan status AgentUiState dalam fungsi composable untuk merender teks yang di-streaming dan aktivitas alat langsung:

package com.example.ai.agent.ui

import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items
import androidx.compose.material3.*
import androidx.compose.runtime.*
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp

@Composable
fun AgentChatScreen(
    viewModel: ChatViewModel,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier
) {
    val state by viewModel.uiState.collectAsState()
    var inputText by remember { mutableStateOf("") }

    Column(modifier = modifier.fillMaxSize().padding(16.dp)) {
        LazyColumn(
            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f).fillMaxWidth(),
            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
        ) {
            items(state.messages) { message ->
                Card(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
                    Text(text = message, modifier = Modifier.padding(12.dp))
                }
            }

            if (state.activeToolStatus != null) {
                item {
                    Text(
                        text = state.activeToolStatus ?: "",
                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
                        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondary
                    )
                }
            }

            if (state.currentResponse.isNotEmpty()) {
                item {
                    Card(
                        colors = CardDefaults.cardColors(
                            containerColor =
                                MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant
                        ),
                        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
                    ) {
                        Text(
                            text = state.currentResponse,
                            modifier = Modifier.padding(12.dp)
                        )
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        Row(
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(top = 8.dp),
            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
        ) {
            TextField(
                value = inputText,
                onValueChange = { inputText = it },
                modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
                placeholder = { Text("Ask about an order...") }
            )
            Button(
                onClick = {
                    if (inputText.isNotBlank()) {
                        viewModel.sendMessage(inputText)
                        inputText = ""
                    }
                },
                enabled = !state.isLoading
            ) {
                Text("Send")
            }
        }
    }
}

Langkah berikutnya