学生和教师是用户个人资料与课程之间的具体对应，表示该用户在课程中的角色。学生和教师不具有全局性：可以将用户作为一门课程的教师，而为另一门课程的学生指定。“学生”或“教师”标识是特定课程中特定用户的一组权限。
- 学生
- 学生资源表示已注册为特定课程的学生的用户。学生可以查看该课程的课程详情和教师。
- 教师
- 教师资源表示讲授特定课程的用户。教师可以查看和更改课程详细信息、查看教师和学生，以及管理其他教师和学生。
学生和教师通过用户的唯一 ID 或电子邮件地址进行标识，如 Directory API 所返回。当前用户还可以使用 "me" 简写形式引用自己的 ID。
直接添加
网域管理员可以绕过邀请流程，直接将网域内的用户添加为教师或学生网域内的课程。如果课程的所有者在管理员的网域中，则该课程会被视为在管理员的网域内。对于经过身份验证的网域管理员网域之外的用户或课程，应用必须通过使用 invitations.create() 方法发送邀请来征得用户的同意。
添加或移除教师
网域管理员可以直接使用 teachers.create() 将网域内的教师添加到课程中，如以下示例所示：
.NET
classroom/snippets/ClassroomSnippets/AddTeacher.cs
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Classroom.v1;
using Google.Apis.Classroom.v1.Data;
using Google.Apis.Services;
using System;
using System.Net;
using Google;
namespace ClassroomSnippets
{
// Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Create Teacher API
public class AddTeacher
{
/// <summary>
/// Add teacher to the Course
/// </summary>
/// <param name="courseId"></param>
/// <param name="teacherEmail"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Teacher ClassroomAddTeacher( string courseId,
string teacherEmail)
{
try
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
.CreateScoped(ClassroomService.Scope.ClassroomRosters);
// Create Classroom API service.
var service = new ClassroomService(new BaseClientService.Initializer
{
HttpClientInitializer = credential,
ApplicationName = "Classroom API Snippet"
});
var teacher = new Teacher
{
UserId = teacherEmail
};
// Add the teacher to the course.
teacher = service.Courses.Teachers.Create(teacher, courseId).Execute();
Console.WriteLine(
"User '{0}' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '{1}'.\n",
teacher.Profile.Name.FullName, courseId);
return teacher;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
if (e is AggregateException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
}
else if (e is GoogleApiException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed to Add the teacher. Error message: {0}", e.Message);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
return null;
}
}
}
Java
classroom/snippets/src/main/java/AddTeacher.java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.Classroom;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.ClassroomScopes;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.model.Teacher;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
/* Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Add Teacher API */
public class AddTeacher {
/* Scopes required by this API call. If modifying these scopes, delete your previously saved
tokens/ folder. */
static ArrayList<String> SCOPES =
new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(ClassroomScopes.CLASSROOM_ROSTERS));
/**
* Add teacher to a specific course.
*
* @param courseId - Id of the course.
* @param teacherEmail - Email address of the teacher.
* @return newly created teacher
* @throws IOException - if credentials file not found.
* @throws GeneralSecurityException - if a new instance of NetHttpTransport was not created.
*/
public static Teacher addTeacher(String courseId, String teacherEmail)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
// Create the classroom API client.
final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
Classroom service =
new Classroom.Builder(
HTTP_TRANSPORT,
GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
ClassroomCredentials.getCredentials(HTTP_TRANSPORT, SCOPES))
.setApplicationName("Classroom samples")
.build();
Teacher teacher = new Teacher().setUserId(teacherEmail);
try {
// Add a teacher to a specified course
teacher = service.courses().teachers().create(courseId, teacher).execute();
// Prints the course id with the teacher name
System.out.printf(
"User '%s' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '%s'.\n",
teacher.getProfile().getName().getFullName(), courseId);
} catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails();
if (error.getCode() == 409) {
System.out.printf("User '%s' is already a member of this course.\n", teacherEmail);
} else if (error.getCode() == 403) {
System.out.println("The caller does not have permission.\n");
} else {
throw e;
}
}
return teacher;
}
}
PHP
classroom/snippets/src/ClassroomAddTeacher.php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Classroom;
use Google\Service\Classroom\Teacher;
use Google\service\Exception;
function addTeacher($courseId, $teacherEmail)
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO (developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
$client = new Client();
$client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
$client->addScope("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.profile.photos");
$service = new Classroom($client);
$teacher = new Teacher([
'userId' => $teacherEmail
]);
try {
// calling create teacher
$teacher = $service->courses_teachers->create($courseId, $teacher);
printf("User '%s' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '%s'.\n",
$teacher->profile->name->fullName, $courseId);
} catch (Exception $e) {
if ($e->getCode() == 409) {
printf("User '%s' is already a member of this course.\n", $teacherEmail);
} else {
throw $e;
}
}
return $teacher;
}
Python
classroom/snippets/classroom_add_teacher.py
import google.auth
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError
def classroom_add_teacher(course_id):
"""
Adds a teacher to a course with specific course_id.
Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity
for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
"""
creds, _ = google.auth.default()
# pylint: disable=maybe-no-member
service = build('classroom', 'v1', credentials=creds)
teacher_email = 'gduser1@workspacesamples.dev'
teacher = {
'userId': teacher_email
}
try:
teachers = service.courses().teachers()
teacher = teachers.create(courseId=course_id,
body=teacher).execute()
print('User %s was added as a teacher to the course with ID %s'
% (teacher.get('profile').get('name').get('fullName'),
course_id))
except HttpError as error:
print('User "{%s}" is already a member of this course.'
% teacher_email)
return error
return teachers
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Put the course_id of course for which Teacher needs to be added.
classroom_add_teacher(453686957652)
如果您是代表经过身份验证的教师添加其他教师，则必须使用 invitations.create() 方法。
您可以使用 teachers.delete() 方法从课程中移除其他教师。此操作只会从课程中移除指定的教师，不会影响他们分配给其他课程或他们的用户个人资料。
注册或移除学生
网域管理员可以使用 students.create() 方法直接在网域内添加学生，如以下示例所示：
.NET
classroom/snippets/ClassroomSnippets/AddStudent.cs
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Classroom.v1;
using Google.Apis.Classroom.v1.Data;
using Google.Apis.Services;
using System;
using System.Net;
using Google;
namespace ClassroomSnippets
{
// Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Create Student API
public class AddStudent
{
public static Student ClassroomAddStudent(string courseId, string enrollmentCode)
{
try
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
.CreateScoped(ClassroomService.Scope.ClassroomRosters);
var service = new ClassroomService(new BaseClientService.Initializer
{
HttpClientInitializer = credential,
ApplicationName = "Classroom API .NET Quickstart"
});
var student = new Student
{
UserId = "me"
};
var request = service.Courses.Students.Create(student, courseId);
request.EnrollmentCode = enrollmentCode;
student = request.Execute();
Console.WriteLine(
"User '{0}' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '{1}'.\n",
student.Profile.Name.FullName, courseId);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
if (e is AggregateException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
}
else if (e is GoogleApiException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed to Add the Student. Error message: {0}", e.Message);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
return null;
}
}
}
Java
classroom/snippets/src/main/java/AddStudent.java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.Classroom;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.ClassroomScopes;
import com.google.api.services.classroom.model.Student;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
/* Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Add Student API */
public class AddStudent {
/* Scopes required by this API call. If modifying these scopes, delete your previously saved
tokens/ folder. */
static ArrayList<String> SCOPES =
new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(ClassroomScopes.CLASSROOM_ROSTERS));
/**
* Add a student in a specified course.
*
* @param courseId - Id of the course.
* @param enrollmentCode - Code of the course to enroll.
* @return newly added student
* @throws IOException - if credentials file not found.
* @throws GeneralSecurityException - if a new instance of NetHttpTransport was not created.
*/
public static Student addStudent(String courseId, String enrollmentCode, String studentId)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
// Create the classroom API client.
final NetHttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
Classroom service =
new Classroom.Builder(
HTTP_TRANSPORT,
GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
ClassroomCredentials.getCredentials(HTTP_TRANSPORT, SCOPES))
.setApplicationName("Classroom samples")
.build();
Student student = new Student().setUserId(studentId);
try {
// Enrolling a student to a specified course
student =
service
.courses()
.students()
.create(courseId, student)
.setEnrollmentCode(enrollmentCode)
.execute();
// Prints the course id with the Student name
System.out.printf(
"User '%s' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '%s'.\n",
student.getProfile().getName().getFullName(), courseId);
} catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails();
if (error.getCode() == 409) {
System.out.println("You are already a member of this course.");
} else if (error.getCode() == 403) {
System.out.println("The caller does not have permission.\n");
} else {
throw e;
}
}
return student;
}
}
PHP
classroom/snippets/src/ClassroomAddStudent.php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Classroom;
use Google\Service\Classroom\Student;
use Google\Service\Exception;
function enrollAsStudent($courseId,$enrollmentCode)
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO (developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
$client = new Client();
$client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
$client->addScope("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.profile.emails");
$service = new Classroom($client);
$student = new Student([
'userId' => 'me'
]);
$params = [
'enrollmentCode' => $enrollmentCode
];
try {
$student = $service->courses_students->create($courseId, $student, $params);
printf("User '%s' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '%s'.\n",
$student->profile->name->fullName, $courseId);
} catch (Exception $e) {
if ($e->getCode() == 409) {
print "You are already a member of this course.\n";
} else {
throw $e;
}
}
return $student;
}
Python
classroom/snippets/classroom_add_student.py
from __future__ import print_function
import os
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.coursework.students']
def classroom_add_student_new(course_id):
"""
Adds a student to a course, the teacher has access to.
The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
time.
Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
"""
creds = None
# The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
# created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
# time.
if os.path.exists('token.json'):
creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('token.json', SCOPES)
# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
if not creds or not creds.valid:
if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
creds.refresh(Request())
else:
flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
'credentials.json', SCOPES)
creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
# Save the credentials for the next run
with open('token.json', 'w', encoding="utf8") as token:
token.write(creds.to_json())
enrollment_code = 'abc-def'
student = {
'userId': 'gduser1@workspacesamples.dev'
}
try:
service = build('classroom', 'v1', credentials=creds)
student = service.courses().students().create(
courseId=course_id,
enrollmentCode=enrollment_code,
body=student).execute()
print(
'''User {%s} was enrolled as a student in
the course with ID "{%s}"'''
% (student.get('profile').get('name').get('fullName'),
course_id))
return student
except HttpError as error:
print(error)
return error
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Put the course_id of course for which student needs to be added.
classroom_add_student_new(478800920837)
如果您是代表经过身份验证的教师添加学生，则必须使用 invitations.create() 方法。
您可以使用 students.delete() 方法将学生从课程中移除。此操作只会将特定学生从课程中移除，不会影响他们在其他课程或用户个人资料中的注册。
检索用户的课程
如需检索学生或教师的课程列表，请调用 courses.list() 并提供相应用户的 studentId 或 teacherId。
检索用户个人资料
如需检索删节版的个人资料，包括用户的 ID 和姓名，请使用发出请求的用户的用户 ID、电子邮件地址或“我”来调用 userProfiles.get()。
如需检索 emailAddress 字段，您必须添加 classroom.profile.emails 范围。
返回的 ID 对应于包含匹配的 studentId 或 teacherId 的 Directory API 用户资源。
管理课程所有者
网域管理员可以在教师之间转移课程所有权。如需了解重要详情，请参阅转移课程所有权部分。