In the Content API for Shopping, a batch request could have multiple entries, and each entry can be any method (insert, update, delete, or custom) defined on the resource.
Merchant API does not offer custom batch methods. Instead, you can arrange parallel execution of individual requests.
With the client library
The following example shows asynchronous calls (or batching in Content API for Shopping) for product insertion. You can apply this example to other resources and sub-APIs (such as inventories, accounts, and so on). We have also provided code samples covering all examples.
If using the client library, consider this Content API for Shopping code.
package shopping.content.v2_1.samples.products;
import com.google.api.services.content.model.ProductsCustomBatchResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import shopping.content.v2_1.samples.ContentSample;
/** Sample that shows batching product inserts. */
public class ProductsBatchInsertSample extends ContentSample {
public ProductsBatchInsertSample(String[] args) throws IOException {
super(args);
}
@Override
public void execute() throws IOException {
checkNonMCA();
ProductsCustomBatchResponse batchResponse =
content.products().custombatch(ExampleProductFactory.createBatch(config, "book")).execute();
ProductUtils.printProductBatchResults(batchResponse);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
new ProductsBatchInsertSample(args).execute();
}
}
Write the Merchant API equivalent as follows.
Java
// Copyright 2024 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package shopping.merchant.samples.products.v1;
import com.google.api.core.ApiFuture;
import com.google.api.core.ApiFutureCallback;
import com.google.api.core.ApiFutures;
import com.google.api.gax.core.FixedCredentialsProvider;
import com.google.api.gax.grpc.InstantiatingGrpcChannelProvider;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Availability;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Condition;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.InsertProductInputRequest;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductAttributes;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInput;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInputsServiceClient;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.ProductInputsServiceSettings;
import com.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Shipping;
import com.google.shopping.type.Price;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import shopping.merchant.samples.utils.Authenticator;
import shopping.merchant.samples.utils.Config;
/** This class demonstrates how to insert a product input */
public class InsertProductInputAsyncSample {
private static String getParent(String accountId) {
return String.format("accounts/%s", accountId);
}
private static String generateRandomString() {
String characters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
Random random = new Random();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(8);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
sb.append(characters.charAt(random.nextInt(characters.length())));
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static ProductInput createRandomProduct() {
Price price = Price.newBuilder().setAmountMicros(33_450_000).setCurrencyCode("USD").build();
Shipping shipping =
Shipping.newBuilder().setPrice(price).setCountry("GB").setService("1st class post").build();
Shipping shipping2 =
Shipping.newBuilder().setPrice(price).setCountry("FR").setService("1st class post").build();
ProductAttributes attributes =
ProductAttributes.newBuilder()
.setTitle("A Tale of Two Cities")
.setDescription("A classic novel about the French Revolution")
.setLink("https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html")
.setImageLink("https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg")
.setAvailability(Availability.IN_STOCK)
.setCondition(Condition.NEW)
.setGoogleProductCategory("Media > Books")
.addGtins("9780007350896")
.addShipping(shipping)
.addShipping(shipping2)
.build();
return ProductInput.newBuilder()
.setContentLanguage("en")
.setFeedLabel("CH")
.setOfferId(generateRandomString())
.setProductAttributes(attributes)
.build();
}
public static void asyncInsertProductInput(Config config, String dataSource) throws Exception {
// Obtains OAuth token based on the user's configuration.
GoogleCredentials credential = new Authenticator().authenticate();
// Creates a channel provider. This provider manages a pool of gRPC channels
// to enhance throughput for bulk operations. Each individual channel in the pool
// can handle up to approximately 100 concurrent requests.
//
// Channel: A single connection pathway to the service.
// Pool: A collection of multiple channels managed by this provider.
// Requests are distributed across the channels in the pool.
//
// We recommend estimating the number of concurrent requests you'll make, divide by 50 (50%
// utilization of channel capacity), and set the pool size to that number.
InstantiatingGrpcChannelProvider channelProvider =
InstantiatingGrpcChannelProvider.newBuilder().setPoolSize(30).build();
// Creates service settings using the credentials retrieved above.
ProductInputsServiceSettings productInputsServiceSettings =
ProductInputsServiceSettings.newBuilder()
.setCredentialsProvider(FixedCredentialsProvider.create(credential))
.setTransportChannelProvider(channelProvider)
.build();
// Creates parent to identify where to insert the product.
String parent = getParent(config.getAccountId().toString());
// Calls the API and catches and prints any network failures/errors.
try (ProductInputsServiceClient productInputsServiceClient =
ProductInputsServiceClient.create(productInputsServiceSettings)) {
// Creates five insert product input requests with random product IDs.
List<InsertProductInputRequest> requests = new ArrayList<>(5);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
InsertProductInputRequest request =
InsertProductInputRequest.newBuilder()
.setParent(parent)
// You can only insert products into datasource types of Input "API", and of Type
// "Primary" or "Supplemental."
// This field takes the `name` field of the datasource.
.setDataSource(dataSource)
// If this product is already owned by another datasource, when re-inserting, the
// new datasource will take ownership of the product.
.setProductInput(createRandomProduct())
.build();
requests.add(request);
}
System.out.println("Sending insert product input requests");
List<ApiFuture<ProductInput>> futures =
requests.stream()
.map(
request ->
productInputsServiceClient.insertProductInputCallable().futureCall(request))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
// Creates callback to handle the responses when all are ready.
ApiFuture<List<ProductInput>> responses = ApiFutures.allAsList(futures);
ApiFutures.addCallback(
responses,
new ApiFutureCallback<List<ProductInput>>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(List<ProductInput> results) {
System.out.println("Inserted products below");
System.out.println(results);
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Throwable throwable) {
System.out.println(throwable);
}
},
MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Config config = Config.load();
// Identifies the data source that will own the product input.
String dataSource = "accounts/" + config.getAccountId() + "/dataSources/{datasourceId}";
asyncInsertProductInput(config, dataSource);
}
}
Node.js
// Copyright 2026 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
'use strict';
const fs = require('fs');
const authUtils = require('../../authentication/authenticate.js');
const {
ProductInputsServiceClient,
} = require('@google-shopping/products').v1;
const {
protos,
} = require('@google-shopping/products');
const Availability = protos.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Availability;
const Condition = protos.google.shopping.merchant.products.v1.Condition;
/**
* This class demonstrates how to insert a product input asynchronously.
*/
/**
* Helper function to generate a random string for offerId
* @returns {string} A sample offerId.
*/
function generateRandomString() {
const characters =
'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
let result = '';
const length = 8;
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
result += characters.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * characters.length));
}
return result;
}
/**
* Helper function to create a sample ProductInput object
* @returns {!object} A sample ProductInput object.
*/
function createRandomProduct() {
const shippingPrice = {
amountMicros: 3000000, // 3 USD
currency_code: 'USD',
};
const price = {
amountMicros: 33450000, // 33.45 USD
currency_code: 'USD',
};
const shipping = {
price: shippingPrice,
country: 'GB',
service: '1st class post',
};
const shipping2 = {
price: shippingPrice,
country: 'FR',
service: '1st class post',
};
const attributes = {
title: 'A Tale of Two Cities',
description: 'A classic novel about the French Revolution',
link: 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html',
imageLink: 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg',
availability: Availability.IN_STOCK,
condition: Condition.NEW,
googleProductCategory: 'Media > Books',
gtins: ['9780007350896'],
shipping: [shipping, shipping2],
price: price,
};
// Construct the ProductInput object
const productInput = {
contentLanguage: 'en',
feedLabel: 'CH',
offerId: generateRandomString(),
productAttributes: attributes,
};
return productInput;
}
/**
* Inserts multiple product inputs asynchronously.
* @param {!object} config - Configuration object.
* @param {string} dataSource - The data source name.
*/
async function asyncInsertProductInput(config, dataSource) {
// Read merchant_id from the configuration file.
const merchantInfo = JSON.parse(
fs.readFileSync(config.merchantInfoFile, 'utf8')
);
const merchantId = merchantInfo.merchantId;
// Construct the parent resource name string.
const parent = `accounts/${merchantId}`;
// Get OAuth2 credentials.
const authClient = await authUtils.getOrGenerateUserCredentials();
// Create client options with authentication.
const options = {authClient: authClient};
// Creates a pool of clients to enhance throughput for bulk operations.
// Each individual client in the pool manages its own gRPC channel.
// We recommend estimating the number of concurrent requests you'll make,
// divide by 50 (50% utilization of channel capacity), and set the pool size
// to that number.
const poolSize = 30;
const clientPool = [];
for (let i = 0; i < poolSize; i++) {
clientPool.push(new ProductInputsServiceClient(options));
}
// Create five insert product input requests with random product details.
const requests = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
const request = {
parent: parent,
// You can only insert products into datasource types of Input "API", and
// of Type "Primary" or "Supplemental."
// This field takes the `name` field of the datasource, e.g.,
// accounts/123/dataSources/456
dataSource: dataSource,
// If this product is already owned by another datasource, when
// re-inserting, the new datasource will take ownership of the product.
productInput: createRandomProduct(),
};
requests.push(request);
}
console.log('Sending insert product input requests');
// Create an array of promises by calling the insertProductInput method for
// each request. Distribute the requests across the client pool to utilize
// multiple channels.
const insertPromises = requests.map((request, index) => {
const client = clientPool[index % poolSize];
return client.insertProductInput(request);
});
// Wait for all insert operations to complete.
// Promise.all returns an array of results, where each result is the response
// from the corresponding insertProductInput call (which is the inserted ProductInput).
// The response from insertProductInput is an array where the first element is the ProductInput.
const results = await Promise.all(insertPromises);
const insertedProducts = results.map(result => result[0]); // Extract ProductInput from each response array
console.log('Inserted products below');
console.log(insertedProducts);
}
/**
* Main function to call the async insert product input method.
*/
async function main() {
// Get configuration settings.
const config = authUtils.getConfig();
// Define the data source ID. Replace {datasourceId} with your actual data source ID.
// The format is accounts/{account_id}/dataSources/{datasource_id}.
const merchantInfo = JSON.parse(
fs.readFileSync(config.merchantInfoFile, 'utf8')
);
const merchantId = merchantInfo.merchantId;
const dataSource = `accounts/${merchantId}/dataSources/{datasourceId}`; // Replace {datasourceId}
try {
await asyncInsertProductInput(config, dataSource);
} catch (error) {
console.log(error);
}
}
main();
PHP
<?php
/**
* Copyright 2025 Google LLC
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
require_once __DIR__ . '/../../../vendor/autoload.php';
require_once __DIR__ . '/../../Authentication/Authentication.php';
require_once __DIR__ . '/../../Authentication/Config.php';
use Google\ApiCore\ApiException;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Availability;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Condition;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\ProductAttributes;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\InsertProductInputRequest;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\ProductInput;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Client\ProductInputsServiceClient;
use Google\Shopping\Merchant\Products\V1\Shipping;
use Google\Shopping\Type\Price;
use React\EventLoop\Loop;
use React\Promise\Promise;
use function React\Promise\all;
/**
* This class demonstrates how to insert multiple product inputs asynchronously.
*/
class InsertProductInputAsyncSample
{
/**
* A helper function to create the parent string for product input operations.
*
* @param string $accountId The Merchant Center account ID.
* @return string The parent resource name format: `accounts/{account_id}`.
*/
private static function getParent(string $accountId): string
{
return sprintf("accounts/%s", $accountId);
}
/**
* Generates a random string of 8 characters.
*
* @return string A random alphanumeric string.
*/
private static function generateRandomString(): string
{
$characters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
$randomString = '';
$charactersLength = strlen($characters);
for ($i = 0; $i < 8; $i++) {
$randomString .= $characters[random_int(0, $charactersLength - 1)];
}
return $randomString;
}
/**
* Creates a ProductInput object with randomized offer ID and sample attributes.
*
* @return ProductInput A new ProductInput object.
*/
private static function createRandomProduct(): ProductInput
{
// Create a price object for shipping. Amount is in micros.
// e.g., 33,450,000 micros = $33.45 USD
$price = new Price([
'amount_micros' => 33450000,
'currency_code' => 'USD'
]);
// Create shipping details.
$shipping = new Shipping([
'price' => $price,
'country' => 'GB',
'service' => '1st class post'
]);
$shipping2 = new Shipping([
'price' => $price,
'country' => 'FR',
'service' => '1st class post'
]);
// Create product attributes.
$attributes = new ProductAttributes([
'title' => 'A Tale of Two Cities',
'description' => 'A classic novel about the French Revolution',
'link' => 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html',
'image_link' => 'https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg',
'availability' => Availability::IN_STOCK,
'condition' => Condition::PBNEW,
'google_product_category' => 'Media > Books',
'gtins' => ['9780007350896'],
'shipping' => [$shipping, $shipping2]
]);
// Create the product input object.
return new ProductInput([
'content_language' => 'en',
'feed_label' => 'LABEL',
'offer_id' => self::generateRandomString(), // Random offer ID for uniqueness
'product_attributes' => $attributes
]);
}
/**
* Inserts multiple product inputs into the specified account and data source asynchronously.
*
* @param array $config Authentication and account configuration.
* @param string $dataSource The target data source name.
* Format: `accounts/{account}/dataSources/{datasource}`.
* @return void
*/
public static function insertProductInputAsyncSample(array $config, string $dataSource): void
{
// Fetches OAuth2 credentials for making API calls.
$credentials = Authentication::useServiceAccountOrTokenFile();
// Prepares client options with the fetched credentials.
$options = ['credentials' => $credentials];
// Initializes the ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient.
// This is the key for asynchronous operations.
$productInputsServiceAsyncClient = new ProductInputsServiceClient($options);
// Constructs the parent resource string.
$parent = self::getParent($config['accountId']);
$promises = [];
$insertedProductInputs = [];
print "Sending insert product input requests asynchronously...\n";
// Create and send 5 insert product input requests asynchronously.
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
$productInput = self::createRandomProduct();
// Create the request object.
$request = new InsertProductInputRequest([
'parent' => $parent,
'data_source' => $dataSource,
'product_input' => $productInput
]);
// Make the asynchronous API call. This returns a Promise.
$promise = $productInputsServiceAsyncClient->insertProductInputAsync($request);
// Attach success and error handlers to the promise.
$promise->then(
function (ProductInput $response) use (&$insertedProductInputs) {
// This callback is executed when the promise resolves (success).
$insertedProductInputs[] = $response;
print "Successfully inserted product with offer ID: " . $response->getOfferId() . "\n";
},
function (ApiException $e) {
// This callback is executed if the promise rejects (failure).
echo "ApiException occurred for one of the requests:\n";
echo $e;
}
);
$promises[] = $promise;
}
// Wait for all promises to settle (either resolve or reject).
// Reduce::all() creates a single promise that resolves when all input promises resolve.
// If any promise rejects, the combined promise will reject.
all($promises)->then(
function () use (&$insertedProductInputs) {
print "All asynchronous requests have completed.\n";
// Print details of all successfully inserted products.
print "Inserted products below\n";
foreach ($insertedProductInputs as $p) {
print_r($p);
}
},
function ($reason) {
// This block is executed if any promise in the array rejects.
echo "One or more asynchronous requests failed.\n";
if ($reason instanceof ApiException) {
echo "API Exception: " . $reason->getMessage() . "\n";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $reason . "\n";
}
}
)->always(function () use ($productInputsServiceAsyncClient) {
// This 'always' callback ensures the client is closed after all promises settle.
$productInputsServiceAsyncClient->close();
});
// Run the event loop. This is crucial for asynchronous operations to execute.
// The script will block here until all promises are resolved/rejected or the loop is stopped.
Loop::run();
}
/**
* Executes the sample code to insert multiple product inputs.
*
* @return void
*/
public function callSample(): void
{
$config = Config::generateConfig();
// Define the data source that will own the product inputs.
// IMPORTANT: Replace `<DATA_SOURCE_ID>` with your actual data source ID.
$dataSourceId = '<DATA_SOURCE_ID>';
$dataSourceName = sprintf(
"accounts/%s/dataSources/%s",
$config['accountId'], $dataSourceId
);
// Call the method to insert multiple product inputs asynchronously.
self::insertProductInputAsyncSample($config, $dataSourceName);
}
}
$sample = new InsertProductInputAsyncSample();
$sample->callSample();
Python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2026 Google LLC
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""A module to insert product inputs asynchronously."""
import asyncio
import random
import string
from examples.authentication import configuration
from examples.authentication import generate_user_credentials
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import Availability
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import Condition
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import InsertProductInputRequest
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import ProductAttributes
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import ProductInput
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient
from google.shopping.merchant_products_v1 import Shipping
from google.shopping.type import Price
# Read merchant account information from the configuration file.
_ACCOUNT_ID = configuration.Configuration().read_merchant_info()
# The parent account for the product input.
# Format: accounts/{account}
_PARENT = f"accounts/{_ACCOUNT_ID}"
def _generate_random_string(length: int = 8) -> str:
"""Generates a random string of a given length."""
characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
return "".join(random.choice(characters) for _ in range(length))
def _create_random_product() -> ProductInput:
"""Creates a ProductInput with random elements and predefined attributes."""
price = Price(amount_micros=33450000, currency_code="USD")
shipping1 = Shipping(price=price, country="GB", service="1st class post")
shipping2 = Shipping(price=price, country="FR", service="1st class post")
attributes = ProductAttributes(
title="A Tale of Two Cities",
description="A classic novel about the French Revolution",
link="https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.html",
image_link="https://exampleWebsite.com/tale-of-two-cities.jpg",
availability=Availability.IN_STOCK,
condition=Condition.NEW,
google_product_category="Media > Books",
gtins=["9780007350896"],
shipping=[shipping1, shipping2],
)
return ProductInput(
content_language="en",
feed_label="CH",
offer_id=_generate_random_string(),
product_attributes=attributes,
)
class ClientPool:
"""A simple client pool to distribute requests across multiple clients.
This implements the Client Pool pattern to enhance throughput for bulk
operations, mimicking channel pooling.
"""
def __init__(self, size: int, credentials):
self._pool = [
ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient(credentials=credentials)
for _ in range(size)
]
self._size = size
self._index = 0
def get_client(self) -> ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient:
"""Returns the next client in the pool using round-robin."""
client = self._pool[self._index]
self._index = (self._index + 1) % self._size
return client
async def async_insert_product_input(
client: ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient, request: InsertProductInputRequest
):
"""Inserts product inputs.
Args:
client: The ProductInputsServiceAsyncClient to use.
request: The InsertProductInputRequest to send.
Returns:
The response from the insert_product_input request.
"""
return await client.insert_product_input(request=request)
async def main():
# The ID of the data source that will own the product input.
# This is a placeholder and should be replaced with an actual data source ID.
datasource_id = "<INSERT_DATA_SOURCE_ID_HERE>"
data_source_name = f"accounts/{_ACCOUNT_ID}/dataSources/{datasource_id}"
# Gets OAuth Credentials.
credentials = generate_user_credentials.main()
# Creates a client pool with 30 clients to handle concurrent requests.
# We recommend estimating the number of concurrent requests you'll make,
# divide by 50 (50% utilization of channel capacity), and set the pool size to
# that number.
client_pool = ClientPool(size=30, credentials=credentials)
tasks = []
for _ in range(5):
product_input = _create_random_product()
request = InsertProductInputRequest(
parent=_PARENT,
data_source=data_source_name,
product_input=product_input,
)
# Get a client from the pool and create the async task
client = client_pool.get_client()
insert_product_task = asyncio.create_task(
async_insert_product_input(client, request)
)
tasks.append(insert_product_task)
print("Sending insert product input requests")
try:
# Await all tasks to complete concurrently and gather their results
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
print("Inserted products below")
print(results)
except RuntimeError as e:
# Catch and print any exceptions that occur during the API calls.
print(e)
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())
Without the client library
If you aren't using the client library, accomplish batching as explained at Send multiple requests at once.
For example, replace a Content API for Shopping request like the following:
POST https://shoppingcontent.googleapis.com/content/v2.1/products/batch
{
"entries": [
{
"method": "insert",
"product": { … }
} … ]
}
with this Write a batch request example.