此示例展示了路线优化 API 解决方案中使用的车辆数量如何因费用参数的定义方式而异。通过调整车辆费用，您可以影响优化器是优先考虑最大限度地减少所用车辆的数量，还是最大限度地缩短完成所有货件运输的总时间。
如需查看完整的概念性概览，请参阅费用模式这一关键概念。
方案 1：最大限度地降低车辆运营成本
此方案展示了当费用与单个车辆相关联时，优化器如何使用最少的必要车辆来生成最具成本效益的解决方案。
示例请求
此请求包含以下信息：
- 三个
shipment，每个都有不同的penaltyCost：100.0、5.0 和 50.0。 - 三个相同的
vehicle，每个的costPerHour为 50.0，costPerKilometer为 10.0。
查看包含多辆车的请求示例
{ "model": { "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00", "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00", "shipments": [ { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.789456, "longitude": -122.390192 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 100.0 }, { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.789116, "longitude": -122.395080 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 5.0 }, { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.795242, "longitude": -122.399347 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 50.0 } ], "vehicles": [ { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerHour": 50.0, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 }, { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerHour": 50.0, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 }, { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerHour": 50.0, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 } ] } }
示例响应
即使有三辆车可用，优化器也会将所有货件分配给一辆车，并跳过一个货件。这是最便宜的解决方案，因为运营多辆车的成本高于用一辆车配送三批货物并跳过一批货物（跳过罚款较低）的成本。
查看对包含多辆车的请求的响应
{ "routes": [ { "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z", "visits": [ { "isPickup": true, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "detour": "0s" }, { "shipmentIndex": 2, "isPickup": true, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z", "detour": "150s" }, { "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:55Z", "detour": "150s" }, { "shipmentIndex": 2, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:21:21Z", "detour": "572s" } ], "transitions": [ { "travelDuration": "0s", "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "0s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z" }, { "travelDuration": "0s", "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "0s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z" }, { "travelDuration": "235s", "travelDistanceMeters": 795, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "235s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:05:00Z" }, { "travelDuration": "496s", "travelDistanceMeters": 1893, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "496s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:05Z" }, { "travelDuration": "171s", "travelDistanceMeters": 665, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "171s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:25:31Z" } ], "metrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 2, "travelDuration": "902s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "800s", "totalDuration": "1702s", "travelDistanceMeters": 3353 }, "routeCosts": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53, "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889 }, "routeTotalCost": 57.168888888888887 }, { "vehicleIndex": 1 }, { "vehicleIndex": 2 } ], "skippedShipments": [ { "index": 1 } ], "metrics": { "aggregatedRouteMetrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 2, "travelDuration": "902s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "800s", "totalDuration": "1702s", "travelDistanceMeters": 3353 }, "usedVehicleCount": 1, "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z", "totalCost": 62.168888888888887, "costs": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889, "model.shipments.penalty_cost": 5, "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53 } } }
响应包含以下相关参数：
routes数组包含三个对象。第一个描述了vehicle[0]的路线，而接下来的两个仅包含vehicleIndex，表明未使用vehicle[1]和vehicle[2]。skippedShipments数组显示，penaltyCost最低（为 5.0）的配送项（即index: 1）被跳过。metrics对象确认usedVehicleCount为 1。
方案 2：尽可能缩短总体解决方案时间
此方案展示了如何鼓励使用更多车辆来更快地完成所有货件的配送。为此，您可以将费用模型从单个车辆运营费用转变为惩罚整个解决方案总时长的全局费用。
示例请求
此请求包含以下参数更改（与第一个场景相比）：
- 移除每辆车上的
costPerHour。 - 添加了 150.0 的
globalDurationCostPerHour。此费用适用于从第一辆车开始到最后一辆车完成路线的总时间。 - 将
shipment[1]的penaltyCost增加到 75.00，以减少跳过它的几率。
请参阅使用 globalDurationCostPerHour 的示例请求
{ "model": { "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00", "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00", "globalDurationCostPerHour": 150.0, "shipments": [ { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.789456, "longitude": -122.390192 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 100.0 }, { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.789116, "longitude": -122.395080 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 75.0 }, { "deliveries": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.795242, "longitude": -122.399347 }, "duration": "250s" } ], "pickups": [ { "arrivalLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "duration": "150s" } ], "penaltyCost": 50.0 } ], "vehicles": [ { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 }, { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 }, { "endLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "startLocation": { "latitude": 37.794465, "longitude": -122.394839 }, "costPerKilometer": 10.0 } ] } }
示例响应
采用新的全局费用后，优化器现在会使用所有三辆车来完成所有三批货物的运输。通过并行运行路线，即使总行驶距离更长，操作的总时长也会显著缩短。
查看使用 globalDurationCostPerHour 对请求做出的响应
{ "routes": [ { "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:20Z", "visits": [ { "shipmentIndex": 2, "isPickup": true, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "detour": "0s" }, { "shipmentIndex": 2, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:09:19Z", "detour": "0s" } ], "transitions": [ { "travelDuration": "0s", "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "0s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z" }, { "travelDuration": "409s", "travelDistanceMeters": 1371, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "409s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z" }, { "travelDuration": "171s", "travelDistanceMeters": 665, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "171s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:29Z" } ], "metrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 1, "travelDuration": "580s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "400s", "totalDuration": "980s", "travelDistanceMeters": 2036 }, "routeCosts": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.36 }, "routeTotalCost": 20.36 }, { "vehicleIndex": 1, "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z", "visits": [ { "shipmentIndex": 1, "isPickup": true, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "detour": "0s" }, { "shipmentIndex": 1, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:24Z", "detour": "0s" } ], "transitions": [ { "travelDuration": "0s", "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "0s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z" }, { "travelDuration": "354s", "travelDistanceMeters": 1192, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "354s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z" }, { "travelDuration": "380s", "travelDistanceMeters": 1190, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "380s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:12:34Z" } ], "metrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 1, "travelDuration": "734s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "400s", "totalDuration": "1134s", "travelDistanceMeters": 2382 }, "routeCosts": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 23.82 }, "routeTotalCost": 23.82 }, { "vehicleIndex": 2, "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:14Z", "visits": [ { "isPickup": true, "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "detour": "0s" }, { "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:06:25Z", "detour": "0s" } ], "transitions": [ { "travelDuration": "0s", "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "0s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z" }, { "travelDuration": "235s", "travelDistanceMeters": 795, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "235s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z" }, { "travelDuration": "339s", "travelDistanceMeters": 1276, "waitDuration": "0s", "totalDuration": "339s", "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:10:35Z" } ], "metrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 1, "travelDuration": "574s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "400s", "totalDuration": "974s", "travelDistanceMeters": 2071 }, "routeCosts": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.71 }, "routeTotalCost": 20.71 } ], "metrics": { "aggregatedRouteMetrics": { "performedShipmentCount": 3, "travelDuration": "1888s", "waitDuration": "0s", "delayDuration": "0s", "breakDuration": "0s", "visitDuration": "1200s", "totalDuration": "3088s", "travelDistanceMeters": 6489 }, "usedVehicleCount": 3, "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z", "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z", "totalCost": 112.14, "costs": { "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 64.89, "model.global_duration_cost_per_hour": 47.25 } } }
响应包含以下相关字段：
routes数组现在包含三条详细的完整路线，每辆车分配一个货件。metrics.usedVehicleCount现在为 3。- 与之前方案中的 28 分 22 秒相比，现在整个解决方案时间（从
earliestVehicleStartTime到latestVehicleEndTime）仅为 18 分 54 秒。