Contoh: Pengoptimalan armada berbasis biaya

Contoh ini menunjukkan bagaimana jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan dalam solusi Route Optimization API dapat bervariasi, bergantung pada cara Anda menentukan parameter biaya. Dengan menyesuaikan biaya kendaraan, Anda dapat memengaruhi apakah pengoptimal membuat prioritas untuk meminimalkan jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan atau meminimalkan total waktu yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan semua pengiriman.

Untuk mengetahui ringkasan konseptual lengkap, lihat konsep utama Model biaya.

Skenario 1: Meminimalkan biaya operasional kendaraan

Skenario ini menunjukkan cara pengoptimal menggunakan jumlah minimum kendaraan yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan solusi yang paling hemat biaya saat biaya terkait dengan masing-masing kendaraan.

Contoh permintaan

Permintaan ini mencakup informasi berikut:

• Tiga shipment, masing-masing dengan penaltyCost yang berbeda: 100,0, 5,0, dan 50,0.
• Tiga vehicle yang identik, masing-masing dengan costPerHour 50,0 dan costPerKilometer 10,0.

Lihat contoh permintaan dengan beberapa kendaraan

{
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00",
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 100.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 5.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 50.0
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 50.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      }
    ]
  }
}
    

Contoh respons

Meskipun tiga kendaraan tersedia, pengoptimal menetapkan semua pengiriman ke satu kendaraan dan melewati satu pengiriman. Ini adalah solusi termurah karena biaya mengoperasikan lebih dari satu kendaraan lebih tinggi daripada mengirimkan tiga kiriman dengan satu kendaraan dan melewati pengiriman dengan penalti melewati yang rendah.

Melihat respons terhadap permintaan dengan beberapa kendaraan

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z",
          "detour": "150s"
        },
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:55Z",
          "detour": "150s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:21:21Z",
          "detour": "572s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "235s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 795,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "235s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:05:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "496s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1893,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "496s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:05Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "171s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 665,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "171s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:25:31Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 2,
        "travelDuration": "902s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "800s",
        "totalDuration": "1702s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 3353
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53,
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 57.168888888888887
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 1
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 2
    }
  ],
  "skippedShipments": [
    {
      "index": 1
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 2,
      "travelDuration": "902s",
      "waitDuration": "0s",
      "delayDuration": "0s",
      "breakDuration": "0s",
      "visitDuration": "800s",
      "totalDuration": "1702s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 3353
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 1,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:28:22Z",
    "totalCost": 62.168888888888887,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.638888888888889,
      "model.shipments.penalty_cost": 5,
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 33.53
    }
  }
}
    

Respons berisi parameter relevan berikut:

• Array routes berisi tiga objek. Yang pertama menjelaskan rute untuk vehicle[0], sedangkan dua berikutnya hanya berisi vehicleIndex, yang menunjukkan bahwa vehicle[1] dan vehicle[2] tidak digunakan.
• Array skippedShipments menunjukkan bahwa pengiriman dengan index: 1, yang memiliki penaltyCost terendah, yaitu 5,0, dilewati.
• Objek metrics mengonfirmasi bahwa usedVehicleCount adalah 1.

Skenario 2: Meminimalkan waktu solusi secara keseluruhan

Skenario ini menunjukkan cara mendorong penggunaan lebih banyak kendaraan untuk menyelesaikan semua pengiriman dengan lebih cepat. Lakukan ini dengan mengubah model biaya dari biaya pengoperasian kendaraan individual menjadi biaya global yang membebani durasi total seluruh solusi.

Contoh permintaan

Permintaan ini mencakup perubahan parameter berikut dari skenario pertama:

• Menghapus costPerHour di setiap kendaraan.
• Menambahkan globalDurationCostPerHour sebesar 150.0. Biaya ini berlaku untuk total waktu dari saat kendaraan pertama mulai hingga saat kendaraan terakhir menyelesaikan rutenya.
• Tingkatkan penaltyCost untuk shipment[1] menjadi 75,00 untuk mengurangi kemungkinan dilewati.

Lihat contoh permintaan menggunakan globalDurationCostPerHour

{
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00-08:00",
    "globalDurationCostPerHour": 150.0,
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 100.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 75.0
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 50.0
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0
      }
    ]
  }
}
    

Contoh respons

Dengan biaya global baru, pengoptimal kini menggunakan ketiga kendaraan untuk menyelesaikan ketiga pengiriman. Dengan menjalankan rute secara paralel, total durasi operasi berkurang secara signifikan, meskipun jarak perjalanan gabungan lebih tinggi.

Lihat respons terhadap permintaan menggunakan globalDurationCostPerHour

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:20Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:09:19Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "409s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1371,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "409s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "171s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 665,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "171s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:13:29Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "580s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "980s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2036
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.36
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 20.36
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 1,
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:08:24Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "354s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1192,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "354s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "380s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1190,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "380s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:12:34Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "734s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "1134s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2382
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 23.82
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 23.82
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 2,
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:16:14Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        },
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:06:25Z",
          "detour": "0s"
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "235s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 795,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "235s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:02:30Z"
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "339s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1276,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "339s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-14T00:10:35Z"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "574s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "400s",
        "totalDuration": "974s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2071
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 20.71
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 20.71
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 3,
      "travelDuration": "1888s",
      "waitDuration": "0s",
      "delayDuration": "0s",
      "breakDuration": "0s",
      "visitDuration": "1200s",
      "totalDuration": "3088s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 6489
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 3,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-14T00:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-14T00:18:54Z",
    "totalCost": 112.14,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 64.89,
      "model.global_duration_cost_per_hour": 47.25
    }
  }
}
    

Respons berisi kolom relevan berikut:

• Array routes kini berisi tiga rute yang sepenuhnya mendetail, dengan setiap kendaraan diberi satu pengiriman.
• metrics.usedVehicleCount sekarang adalah 3.
• Total waktu penyelesaian (dari earliestVehicleStartTime hingga latestVehicleEndTime) kini hanya 18 menit 54 detik, dibandingkan dengan 28 menit 22 detik pada skenario sebelumnya.