Notice: important security update for Drive document URLs and resource keys. For more information, refer to Access link-shared files using resource keys

Return specific fields for a file

By default, the server sends back a default set of resource fields specific to the resource being queried. For example, the files.get method might only return the id, name, and mimeType for the files resource. The permissions.get() method returns a different set of default fields for a permissions resource.

To return the exact fields you need, and improve performance, use the fields query parameter in your method call. To determine the fields you can return using the fields parameter, visit the documentation page of the resource you are querying. For example, to see what fields you can return for a file, refer to the files resource documentation.

Fetching the fields of a nested resource

When a field refers to another resource, you can specify which fields of the nested resource should be fetched.

For example, to retrieve the role field (nested resource) of the permissions resource, use any of the following options:

  • permissions.get with fields=role or fields=*.
  • files.get with fields=permissions(role) or fields=permissions/role.
  • files.get with fields=permissions to imply all fields of the nested resource.
  • changes.list with fields=changes(file(permissions(role))).

Formatting rules for the fields parameter

The format of the fields request parameter value is loosely based on XPath syntax. Following are formatting rules for the fields parameter. All of these rules use examples related to the files.get function call.

  • Use a comma-separated list to select multiple fields, such as 'title, mimeType'.

  • Use a/b to select a field b that is nested within field a, such as 'labels/starred'.

  • Use a sub-selector to request a set of specific sub-fields of arrays or objects by placing expressions in parentheses "()". For example, 'permissions(id)' returns only the permission ID for each element in the permissions array.

  • Use an asterisk as a wild card in field selections to return all fields in an object. For example, 'permissions/permissionDetails/*' selects all available permission details fields per permission. Note that the use of this wildcard can lead to negative performance impact on the request.

After a server processes a valid request that includes the fields query parameter, it sends back an HTTP 200 OK status code, along with the requested data. If the fields query parameter has an error or is otherwise invalid, the server returns an HTTP 400 Bad Request status code, along with an error message telling you what was wrong with your fields selection. For example, files.list(fields='files(id,capabilities/canAddChildren)'); yields an error of "Invalid field selection canAddChildren".