透過 OAuth (Dialogflow) 連結帳戶

OAuth 連結類型支援兩種業界標準 OAuth 2.0 流程，為隱含 及授權代碼流程

在隱式程式碼流程中，Google 會在使用者的瀏覽器中開啟您的授權端點。成功登入後，系統會將長期存取權杖傳回 Google。從現在起，每次透過 Google 助理傳送給您動作的要求中，都會包含這個存取權杖。

在授權碼流程中，您需要兩個端點：

• 授權端點，該端點負責將登入 UI 提供給未登入的使用者，並以簡碼授權代碼的形式，記錄使用者要求的存取權。
• 權杖交換端點，負責以下兩種交換類型：
  1. 交換長期更新權杖的授權碼和短期存取權杖。這項交換作業會在使用者完成帳戶連結流程時進行。
  2. 對短期存取權杖交換交換憑證。當 Google 需要新的存取權杖，因為更新權杖已過期時，就會發生此交換行為。

雖然隱含程式碼流程的實作方式較簡單，但 Google 建議使用隱含流程發布的存取權杖不會過期，因為若權杖與隱含流程搭配使用，就會強制使用者重新連結帳戶。如果基於安全考量而需要權杖過期，您應該考慮改用授權碼流程。

注意： 請選擇要實作的 OAuth2 流程。如有需要，系統會按照您選擇的方式重新載入這份指南的內容。

驗證碼 隱含流程

導入 OAuth 帳戶連結

注意： 如果您要導入帳戶連結來處理財務資訊， 請注意，你的動作可能適用額外政策。最多需要六個時間 會要求我們審查「動作」中的財務資訊連結，因此 因此在規劃發布時間表時，別忘了考量這點。如何減輕審查負擔 程序，請務必遵守金融服務政策 ，再將動作送審。

設定專案

如要設定專案使用 OAuth 帳戶連結功能，請按照下列步驟操作：

1. 開啟 Actions Console 並選取要使用的專案。
2. 按一下「開發」分頁標籤，然後選擇「帳戶連結」。
3. 啟用「帳戶連結」旁的切換鈕。
4. 在「建立帳戶」部分中，選取「否，我只想允許在我的網站上建立帳戶」。

5. 在「連結類型」中，選取「OAuth」OAuth和「隱含」OAuth。

   

6. 在「客戶資訊」中：

   • 指派值給「Actions to Google」核發的用戶端 ID，用來識別用戶端 ID 以及來自 Google 的要求
   • 插入授權和權杖交換端點的網址。

，瞭解如何調查及移除這項存取權。

注意： 如要以 Base64 編碼形式傳送用戶端 ID， 字串，按一下「Configure your client (optional)」旁的下拉式箭頭。 然後勾選「Google 透過 HTTP 基本連線傳送 clientID 和密鑰」方塊 驗證標頭。

6. 按一下 [儲存]。

實作 OAuth 伺服器

To support the OAuth 2.0 implicit flow, your service makes an authorization endpoint available by HTTPS. This endpoint is responsible for authenticating and obtaining consent from users for data access. The authorization endpoint presents a sign-in UI to your users that aren't already signed in and records consent to the requested access.

When your Action needs to call one of your service's authorized APIs, Google uses this endpoint to get permission from your users to call these APIs on their behalf.

A typical OAuth 2.0 implicit flow session initiated by Google has the following flow:

1. Google opens your authorization endpoint in the user's browser. The user signs in if not signed in already, and grants Google permission to access their data with your API if they haven't already granted permission.
2. Your service creates an access token and returns it to Google by redirecting the user's browser back to Google with the access token attached to the request.
3. Google calls your service's APIs, and attaches the access token with each request. Your service verifies that the access token grants Google authorization to access the API and then completes the API call.

Handle authorization requests

When your Action needs to perform account linking via an OAuth2 implicit flow, Google sends the user to your authorization endpoint with a request that includes the following parameters:

Authorization endpoint parameters
client_id	The client ID you assigned to Google.
redirect_uri	The URL to which you send the response to this request.
state	A bookkeeping value that is passed back to Google unchanged in the redirect URI.
response_type	The type of value to return in the response. For the OAuth 2.0 implicit flow, the response type is always token.

For example, if your authorization endpoint is available at https://myservice.example.com/auth, a request might look like:

GET https://myservice.example.com/auth?client_id=GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&state=STATE_STRING&response_type=token

For your authorization endpoint to handle sign-in requests, do the following steps:

1. Verify the client_id and redirect_uri values to prevent granting access to unintended or misconfigured client apps:

   • Confirm that the client_id matches the client ID you assigned to Google.
   • Confirm that the URL specified by the redirect_uri parameter has the following form:

     https://oauth-redirect.googleusercontent.com/r/YOUR_PROJECT_ID

     YOUR_PROJECT_ID is the ID found on the Project settings page of the Actions Console.

2. Check if the user is signed in to your service. If the user isn't signed in, complete your service's sign-in or sign-up flow.

3. Generate an access token that Google will use to access your API. The access token can be any string value, but it must uniquely represent the user and the client the token is for and must not be guessable.

4. Send an HTTP response that redirects the user's browser to the URL specified by the redirect_uri parameter. Include all of the following parameters in the URL fragment:

   • access_token: the access token you just generated
   • token_type: the string bearer
   • state: the unmodified state value from the original request The following is an example of the resulting URL:

     https://oauth-redirect.googleusercontent.com/r/YOUR_PROJECT_ID#access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&token_type=bearer&state=STATE_STRING

Google's OAuth 2.0 redirect handler will receive the access token and confirm that the state value hasn't changed. After Google has obtained an access token for your service, Google will attach the token to subsequent calls to your Action as part of the AppRequest.

啟動驗證流程

警告： 請勿在對話開始時，向使用者提供必要的帳戶連結提示。請為未經驗證的使用者提供訪客流程，讓他們瞭解動作的運作方式。等到必要時再要求帳戶連結。如果使用者因帳戶連結問題而持續離開「動作」，Google 不會積極宣傳該動作，因此該動作的使用者流量可能會減少。

使用帳戶登入輔助意圖 以啟動驗證流程下列程式碼片段說明如何 在 Dialogflow 和 Actions SDK 中傳送回覆，即可使用這個輔助程式。

Dialogflow：

Node.js

const {dialogflow, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = dialogflow({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('Start Signin', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});

敬上

Java

@ForIntent("Start Signin")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}

敬上

JSON

{
  "payload": {
    "google": {
      "expectUserResponse": true,
      "richResponse": {
        "items": [
          {
            "simpleResponse": {
              "textToSpeech": "PLACEHOLDER"
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "userStorage": "{\"data\":{}}",
      "systemIntent": {
        "intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
        "data": {
          "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValueSpec",
          "optContext": "To get your account details"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "outputContexts": [
    {
      "name": "/contexts/_actions_on_google",
      "lifespanCount": 99,
      "parameters": {
        "data": "{}"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Actions SDK：

Node.js

const {actionssdk, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = actionssdk({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('actions.intent.TEXT', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});

敬上

Java

@ForIntent("actions.intent.TEXT")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}

敬上

JSON

{
  "expectUserResponse": true,
  "expectedInputs": [
    {
      "inputPrompt": {
        "richInitialPrompt": {
          "items": [
            {
              "simpleResponse": {
                "textToSpeech": "PLACEHOLDER"
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "possibleIntents": [
        {
          "intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
          "inputValueData": {
            "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValueSpec",
            "optContext": "To get your account details"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "conversationToken": "{\"data\":{}}",
  "userStorage": "{\"data\":{}}"
}

處理資料存取要求

如果 Google 助理要求包含存取權杖， 請先檢查存取權杖是否有效 (且尚未過期)，然後從資料庫擷取相關聯的使用者帳戶。