建立一個錦標賽

程式碼等級：初學者
時間長度：5 分鐘
專案類型：使用自訂選單進行自動化

目標

• 瞭解解決方案的功能。
• 瞭解解決方案中的 Apps Script 服務功能。
• 設定指令碼。
• 執行指令碼。

認識這項解決方案

建立最多 64 人或隊伍的賽事對戰表。這項解決方案會建立樹狀圖，代表單淘汰賽。

運作方式

指令碼會逐一檢查玩家名單，並判斷賽程需要幾輪。這項指令碼會格式化「Bracket」工作表，建立樹狀圖，並在第一輪賽事中加入選手姓名。

Apps Script 服務

這項解決方案會使用下列服務：

試算表服務：取得選手範圍，並建立賽事樹狀圖。

必要條件

如要使用這個範例，您必須符合下列先決條件：

• Google 帳戶 (Google Workspace 帳戶可能需要管理員核准)。
• 可連上網際網路的網路瀏覽器。

設定指令碼

按一下下列按鈕，複製「建立賽事對戰表」 範例試算表。
建立副本

執行指令碼

1. 在複製的試算表中，依序點選「Bracket maker」(賽程表製作工具) >「Create bracket」(建立賽程表)。你可能需要重新整理頁面，才能看到這個自訂選單。

2. 出現提示訊息時，請授權執行指令碼。如果 OAuth 同意畫面顯示「這個應用程式未經驗證」警告，請依序選取「進階」>「前往『{專案名稱}』(不安全)」，繼續操作。

3. 依序點選「賽程表製作工具」>「建立賽程表」。

4. 切換至「Bracket」分頁標籤，即可查看賽事對戰表。

檢查程式碼

如要查看這項解決方案的 Apps Script 程式碼，請按一下下方的「查看原始碼」：

查看原始碼

Code.gs

solutions/automations/bracket-maker/Code.js

前往 GitHub 查看

// To learn how to use this script, refer to the documentation:
// https://developers.google.com/apps-script/samples/automations/bracket-maker

/*
Copyright 2022 Google LLC

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

const RANGE_PLAYER1 = 'FirstPlayer';
const SHEET_PLAYERS = 'Players';
const SHEET_BRACKET = 'Bracket';
const CONNECTOR_WIDTH = 15;

/**
 * Adds a custom menu item to run the script.
 */
function onOpen() {
  let ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
  ss.addMenu('Bracket maker',
             [{name: 'Create bracket', functionName: 'createBracket'}]);
}

/**
 * Creates the brackets based on the data provided on the players.
 */
function createBracket() {
  let ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
  let rangePlayers = ss.getRangeByName(RANGE_PLAYER1);
  let sheetControl = ss.getSheetByName(SHEET_PLAYERS);
  let sheetResults = ss.getSheetByName(SHEET_BRACKET);

  // Gets the players from column A.  Assumes the entire column is filled.
  rangePlayers = rangePlayers.offset(0, 0, sheetControl.getMaxRows() -
      rangePlayers.getRowIndex() + 1, 1);
  let players = rangePlayers.getValues();

  // Figures out how many players there are by skipping the empty cells.
  let numPlayers = 0;
  for (let i = 0; i < players.length; i++) {
    if (!players[i][0] || players[i][0].length == 0) {
      break;
    }
    numPlayers++;
  }
  players = players.slice(0, numPlayers);

  // Provides some error checking in case there are too many or too few players/teams.
  if (numPlayers > 64) {
    Browser.msgBox('Sorry, this script can only create brackets for 64 or fewer players.');
    return; // Early exit
  }

  if (numPlayers < 3) {
    Browser.msgBox('Sorry, you must have at least 3 players.');
    return; // Early exit
  }

  // Clears the 'Bracket' sheet and all formatting.
  sheetResults.clear();

  let upperPower = Math.ceil(Math.log(numPlayers) / Math.log(2));

  // Calculates the number that is a power of 2 and lower than numPlayers.
  let countNodesUpperBound = Math.pow(2, upperPower);

  // Calculates the number that is a power of 2 and higher than numPlayers.
  let countNodesLowerBound = countNodesUpperBound / 2;

  // Determines the number of nodes that will not show in the 1st level.
  let countNodesHidden = numPlayers - countNodesLowerBound;

  // Enters the players for the 1st round.
  let currentPlayer = 0;
  for (let i = 0; i < countNodesLowerBound; i++) {
    if (i < countNodesHidden) {
      // Must be on the first level
      let rng = sheetResults.getRange(i * 4 + 1, 1);
      setBracketItem_(rng, players);
      setBracketItem_(rng.offset(2, 0, 1, 1), players);
      setConnector_(sheetResults, rng.offset(0, 1, 3, 1));
      setBracketItem_(rng.offset(1, 2, 1, 1));
    } else {
      // This player gets a bye.
      setBracketItem_(sheetResults.getRange(i * 4 + 2, 3), players);
    }
  }

  // Fills in the rest of the bracket.
  upperPower--;
  for (let i = 0; i < upperPower; i++) {
    let pow1 = Math.pow(2, i + 1);
    let pow2 = Math.pow(2, i + 2);
    let pow3 = Math.pow(2, i + 3);
    for (let j = 0; j < Math.pow(2, upperPower - i - 1); j++) {
      setBracketItem_(sheetResults.getRange((j * pow3) + pow2, i * 2 + 5));
      setConnector_(sheetResults, sheetResults.getRange((j * pow3) + pow1, i * 2 + 4, pow2 + 1, 1));
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Sets the value of an item in the bracket and the color.
 * @param {Range} rng The Spreadsheet Range.
 * @param {string[]} players The list of players.
 */
function setBracketItem_(rng, players) {
  if (players) {
    let rand = Math.ceil(Math.random() * players.length);
    rng.setValue(players.splice(rand - 1, 1)[0][0]);
  }
  rng.setBackgroundColor('yellow');
}

/**
 * Sets the color and width for connector cells.
 * @param {Sheet} sheet The spreadsheet to setup.
 * @param {Range} rng The spreadsheet range.
 */
function setConnector_(sheet, rng) {
  sheet.setColumnWidth(rng.getColumnIndex(), CONNECTOR_WIDTH);
  rng.setBackgroundColor('green');
}

貢獻者

這個範例由 Google 維護，並由 Google 開發人員專家協助。

後續步驟

• Google Workspace 中的自訂選單
• 擴充 Google 試算表功能