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Gli alias Invia come rappresentano gli indirizzi email da cui un account può
inviare email. Ogni account ha sempre almeno un alias per rappresentare l'indirizzo email principale dell'account.
Gli alias vengono utilizzati anche per gestire le firme di un account. Per poter modificare le firme email, è necessaria una conoscenza di base degli alias Invia come.
Il video precedente mostra come scorrere gli alias Invia come e modificare la
firma per l'indirizzo email principale di un utente.
Prima di poterli utilizzare, devi creare
gli alias. In alcuni casi, gli utenti devono anche verificare la proprietà dell'alias.
Se Gmail richiede la verifica dell'utente per un alias, l'alias viene restituito con lo stato pending. Un messaggio di verifica viene inviato automaticamente all'indirizzo email di destinazione. Il proprietario dell'indirizzo email deve completare la procedura di verifica prima di poterlo utilizzare.
Gli alias che non richiedono la verifica hanno lo stato di verifica accepted.
Utilizza il metodo verify per
inviare nuovamente la richiesta di verifica, se necessario.
Impostazioni SMTP
Gli alias per gli indirizzi esterni devono inviare posta tramite un agente di invio della posta (MSA) SMTP remoto. Per configurare l'MSA SMTP per un alias, utilizza
il campo smtpMsa per fornire i dettagli di connessione.
Gestione delle firme
Puoi anche configurare le firme email per ogni alias. Ad esempio, per impostare la
firma per l'indirizzo principale dell'utente:
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;importcom.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;importcom.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;importcom.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;importcom.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;importcom.google.api.services.gmail.GmailScopes;importcom.google.api.services.gmail.model.ListSendAsResponse;importcom.google.api.services.gmail.model.SendAs;importcom.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;importcom.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;importjava.io.IOException;/* Class to demonstrate the use of Gmail Update Signature API */publicclassUpdateSignature{/** * Update the gmail signature. * * @return the updated signature id , {@code null} otherwise. * @throws IOException - if service account credentials file not found. */publicstaticStringupdateGmailSignature()throwsIOException{/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */GoogleCredentialscredentials=GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault().createScoped(GmailScopes.GMAIL_SETTINGS_BASIC);HttpRequestInitializerrequestInitializer=newHttpCredentialsAdapter(credentials);// Create the gmail API clientGmailservice=newGmail.Builder(newNetHttpTransport(),GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),requestInitializer).setApplicationName("Gmail samples").build();try{SendAsprimaryAlias=null;ListSendAsResponsealiases=service.users().settings().sendAs().list("me").execute();for(SendAsalias:aliases.getSendAs()){if(alias.getIsPrimary()){primaryAlias=alias;break;}}// Updating a new signatureSendAsaliasSettings=newSendAs().setSignature("Automated Signature");SendAsresult=service.users().settings().sendAs().patch("me",primaryAlias.getSendAsEmail(),aliasSettings).execute();//Prints the updated signatureSystem.out.println("Updated signature - "+result.getSignature());returnresult.getSignature();}catch(GoogleJsonResponseExceptione){// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriatelyGoogleJsonErrorerror=e.getDetails();if(error.getCode()==403){System.err.println("Unable to update signature: "+e.getDetails());}else{throwe;}}returnnull;}}
importgoogle.authfromgoogleapiclient.discoveryimportbuildfromgoogleapiclient.errorsimportHttpErrordefupdate_signature():"""Create and update signature in gmail. Returns:Draft object, including updated signature. Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment. TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application. """creds,_=google.auth.default()try:# create gmail api clientservice=build("gmail","v1",credentials=creds)primary_alias=None# pylint: disable=E1101aliases=service.users().settings().sendAs().list(userId="me").execute()foraliasinaliases.get("sendAs"):ifalias.get("isPrimary"):primary_alias=aliasbreaksend_as_configuration={"displayName":primary_alias.get("sendAsEmail"),"signature":"Automated Signature",}# pylint: disable=E1101result=(service.users().settings().sendAs().patch(userId="me",sendAsEmail=primary_alias.get("sendAsEmail"),body=send_as_configuration,).execute())print(f'Updated signature for: {result.get("displayName")}')exceptHttpErroraserror:print(f"An error occurred: {error}")result=Nonereturnresult.get("signature")if__name__=="__main__":update_signature()
[[["Facile da capire","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Il problema è stato risolto","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Altra","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Mancano le informazioni di cui ho bisogno","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Troppo complicato/troppi passaggi","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Obsoleti","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema di traduzione","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema relativo a esempi/codice","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Altra","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-08-01 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Managing Aliases\n\nSend-as aliases represent the email addresses an account can\nsend mail from. Each account always has at least one alias to represent the\nprimary email address of the account.\n\nSend-as aliases correspond to the\n[\"Send mail as\" feature](https://support.google.com/mail/answer/22370) in the\nweb interface.\n\nAliases are also used to manage signatures for an account. Basic understanding\nof send-as aliases are required for you to be able to change email signatures.\nThe above video shows you how to loop through send-as aliases and modify the\nsignature for a user's primary email address.\n\nFor information about how to\n[create](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/create),\n[list](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/list),\n[get](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/get),\n[update](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/update),\nor [delete](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/delete) aliases,\nsee the\n[`SendAs` reference](/workspace/gmail/api/reference/rest/v1/users.settings.sendAs).\n\nCreating and verifying aliases\n------------------------------\n\nYou must [create](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/create)\naliases prior to use. In some cases, users must also verify ownership of the\nalias.\n\nIf Gmail requires user verification for an alias, the alias is returned with the\nstatus `pending`. A verification message is automatically sent to the\ntarget email address. The owner of the email address must complete the verification\nprocess before it can be used.\n\nAliases that do not require verification have a verification status of `accepted`.\n\nUse the [verify](/workspace/gmail/api/v1/reference/users/settings/sendAs/verify) method to\nresend the verification request if needed.\n\n### SMTP settings\n\nAliases for external addresses should send mail through a remote SMTP\nmail sending agent (MSA). To configure the SMTP MSA for an alias, use\nthe `smtpMsa` field to provide the connection details.\n\nManaging signatures\n-------------------\n\nYou may also configure email signatures for each alias. For example, to set the\nsignature for the user's primary address: \n\n### Java\n\ngmail/snippets/src/main/java/UpdateSignature.java \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/java-samples/blob/main/gmail/snippets/src/main/java/UpdateSignature.java) \n\n```java\nimport com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;\nimport com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;\nimport com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;\nimport com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;\nimport com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;\nimport com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;\nimport com.google.api.services.gmail.GmailScopes;\nimport com.google.api.services.gmail.model.ListSendAsResponse;\nimport com.google.api.services.gmail.model.SendAs;\nimport com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;\nimport com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;\nimport java.io.IOException;\n\n/* Class to demonstrate the use of Gmail Update Signature API */\npublic class UpdateSignature {\n /**\n * Update the gmail signature.\n *\n * @return the updated signature id , {@code null} otherwise.\n * @throws IOException - if service account credentials file not found.\n */\n public static String updateGmailSignature() throws IOException {\n /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.\n TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for\n guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */\n GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()\n .createScoped(GmailScopes.GMAIL_SETTINGS_BASIC);\n HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credentials);\n\n // Create the gmail API client\n Gmail service = new Gmail.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(),\n GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),\n requestInitializer)\n .setApplicationName(\"Gmail samples\")\n .build();\n\n try {\n SendAs primaryAlias = null;\n ListSendAsResponse aliases = service.users().settings().sendAs().list(\"me\").execute();\n for (SendAs alias : aliases.getSendAs()) {\n if (alias.getIsPrimary()) {\n primaryAlias = alias;\n break;\n }\n }\n // Updating a new signature\n SendAs aliasSettings = new SendAs().setSignature(\"Automated Signature\");\n SendAs result = service.users().settings().sendAs().patch(\n \"me\",\n primaryAlias.getSendAsEmail(),\n aliasSettings)\n .execute();\n //Prints the updated signature\n System.out.println(\"Updated signature - \" + result.getSignature());\n return result.getSignature();\n } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {\n // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately\n GoogleJsonError error = e.getDetails();\n if (error.getCode() == 403) {\n System.err.println(\"Unable to update signature: \" + e.getDetails());\n } else {\n throw e;\n }\n }\n return null;\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Python\n\ngmail/snippet/settings snippets/update_signature.py \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/python-samples/blob/main/gmail/snippet/settings snippets/update_signature.py) \n\n```python\nimport google.auth\nfrom googleapiclient.discovery import build\nfrom googleapiclient.errors import HttpError\n\n\ndef update_signature():\n \"\"\"Create and update signature in gmail.\n Returns:Draft object, including updated signature.\n\n Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.\n TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity\n for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.\n \"\"\"\n creds, _ = google.auth.default()\n\n try:\n # create gmail api client\n service = build(\"gmail\", \"v1\", credentials=creds)\n\n primary_alias = None\n\n # pylint: disable=E1101\n aliases = service.users().settings().sendAs().list(userId=\"me\").execute()\n for alias in aliases.get(\"sendAs\"):\n if alias.get(\"isPrimary\"):\n primary_alias = alias\n break\n\n send_as_configuration = {\n \"displayName\": primary_alias.get(\"sendAsEmail\"),\n \"signature\": \"Automated Signature\",\n }\n\n # pylint: disable=E1101\n result = (\n service.users()\n .settings()\n .sendAs()\n .patch(\n userId=\"me\",\n sendAsEmail=primary_alias.get(\"sendAsEmail\"),\n body=send_as_configuration,\n )\n .execute()\n )\n print(f'Updated signature for: {result.get(\"displayName\")}')\n\n except HttpError as error:\n print(f\"An error occurred: {error}\")\n result = None\n\n return result.get(\"signature\")\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n update_signature()\n```"]]