找出並執行報表

找出或建立符合需求的報表後，即可產生輸出內容。報表輸出內容會儲存在報表檔案中，可透過程式輔助方式擷取及操控。執行報表後，系統會產生報表檔案。

本指南詳細說明如何透過 Reports 服務，以程式輔助方式產生報表檔案。

尋找報表

如要執行報表，您必須知道報表的 ID。如果您剛建立或更新報表，這個值會顯示在傳回的報表資源 id 欄位中。建議使用者儲存這些傳回的 ID，以供日後查詢。

如果您不知道要執行的報表 ID，可以查看所有可用報表的清單，找出所需報表。以下範例說明如何根據使用者定義的條件查詢報表：

C#

Report target = null;
ReportList reports;
String nextPageToken = null;

do {
  // Create and execute the reports list request.
  ReportsResource.ListRequest request = service.Reports.List(profileId);
  request.PageToken = nextPageToken;
  reports = request.Execute();

  foreach (Report report in reports.Items) {
    if (IsTargetReport(report)) {
      target = report;
      break;
    }
  }

  // Update the next page token.
  nextPageToken = reports.NextPageToken;
} while (target == null
    && reports.Items.Any()
    && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(nextPageToken));

Java

Report target = null;
ReportList reports;
String nextPageToken = null;

do {
  // Create and execute the reports list request.
  reports = reporting.reports().list(profileId).setPageToken(nextPageToken).execute();

  for (Report report : reports.getItems()) {
    if (isTargetReport(report)) {
      target = report;
      break;
    }
  }

  // Update the next page token.
  nextPageToken = reports.getNextPageToken();
} while (target == null
    && !reports.getItems().isEmpty()
    && !Strings.isNullOrEmpty(nextPageToken));

PHP

$target = null;
$response = null;
$pageToken = null;

do {
    // Create and execute the report list request.
    $response = $this->service->reports->listReports(
        $userProfileId,
        ['pageToken' => $pageToken]
    );

    foreach ($response->getItems() as $report) {
        if ($this->isTargetReport($report)) {
            $target = $report;
            break;
        }
    }

    $pageToken = $response->getNextPageToken();
} while (empty($target) && !empty($response->getItems()) && !empty($pageToken));

Python

target = None

# Construct the request.
request = service.reports().list(profileId=profile_id)

while True:
  response = request.execute()

  for report in response['items']:
    if is_target_report(report):
      target = report
      break

  if not target and response['items'] and response['nextPageToken']:
    request = service.reports().list_next(request, response)
  else:
    break

Ruby

page_token = nil
target = nil

loop do
  result = service.list_reports(profile_id, page_token: page_token)

  result.items.each do |report|
    if target_report?(report)
      target = report
      break
    end
  end

  page_token = (result.next_page_token if target.nil? && result.items.any?)
  break if page_token.to_s.empty?
end

如要指定選用參數，控管傳回的報表清單排序方式，請參閱參考說明文件。控管這份清單的排序方式，有助於找出最近修改的報表。

執行報表

找到合適的報表後，即可使用 Report 服務執行報表，並產生新的報表檔案。視報表的複雜度和處理時間而定，報表可以同步或非同步 (預設) 執行。如要瞭解同步與非同步報表，請參閱「同步報表」指南。

如要執行報表，請呼叫 Report 服務的 run 方法，如下列範例所示：

C#

// Run the report.
File file = service.Reports.Run(profileId, reportId).Execute();

Java

// Run the report.
File file = reporting.reports().run(profileId, reportId).execute();

PHP

// Run the report.
$file = $this->service->reports->run($userProfileId, $reportId);

Python

# Run the report.
report_file = service.reports().run(
    profileId=profile_id, reportId=report_id).execute()

Ruby

# Run the report.
report_file = service.run_report(profile_id, report_id)

這項要求的回應是 Files 資源。如果這是成功的同步執行要求，傳回的資源會填入所有欄位，且檔案已可供下載。不過，由於這是非同步執行要求，因此某些重要欄位會遺失，且檔案的 status 會設為 PROCESSING，因為報表尚未執行完畢。

報表何時會執行完畢？

非同步執行報表時，系統會立即產生預留位置檔案，並將報表放入佇列進行處理。預留位置會包含兩項重要資訊，協助您判斷報表何時完成執行：

  1. id 欄位，可用於在後續要求中參照這個檔案。
  2. status 欄位，代表報表執行的目前狀態。

如要判斷報表何時執行完畢，您需要定期檢查檔案的 status，如下例所示：

C#

// Wait for the report file to finish processing.
// An exponential backoff policy is used to limit retries and conserve quota.
int sleep = 0;
int startTime = GetCurrentTimeInSeconds();
do {
  File file = service.Files.Get(reportId, fileId).Execute();

  if ("REPORT_AVAILABLE".Equals(file.Status)) {
    Console.WriteLine("File status is {0}, ready to download.", file.Status);
    return;
  } else if (!"PROCESSING".Equals(file.Status)) {
    Console.WriteLine("File status is {0}, processing failed.", file.Status);
    return;
  } else if (GetCurrentTimeInSeconds() - startTime > MAX_RETRY_ELAPSED_TIME) {
    Console.WriteLine("File processing deadline exceeded.");
    return;
  }

  sleep = GetNextSleepInterval(sleep);
  Console.WriteLine("File status is {0}, sleeping for {1} seconds.", file.Status, sleep);
  Thread.Sleep(sleep * 1000);
} while (true);

Java

BackOff backOff =
    new ExponentialBackOff.Builder()
        .setInitialIntervalMillis(10 * 1000) // 10 second initial retry
        .setMaxIntervalMillis(10 * 60 * 1000) // 10 minute maximum retry
        .setMaxElapsedTimeMillis(60 * 60 * 1000) // 1 hour total retry
        .build();

do {
  File file = reporting.files().get(reportId, fileId).execute();

  if ("REPORT_AVAILABLE".equals(file.getStatus())) {
    // File has finished processing.
    System.out.printf("File status is %s, ready to download.%n", file.getStatus());
    return file;
  } else if (!"PROCESSING".equals(file.getStatus())) {
    // File failed to process.
    System.out.printf("File status is %s, processing failed.", file.getStatus());
    return null;
  }

  // The file hasn't finished processing yet, wait before checking again.
  long retryInterval = backOff.nextBackOffMillis();
  if (retryInterval == BackOff.STOP) {
    System.out.println("File processing deadline exceeded.%n");
    return null;
  }

  System.out.printf("File status is %s, sleeping for %dms.%n", file.getStatus(), retryInterval);
  Thread.sleep(retryInterval);
} while (true);

PHP

// Wait for the report file to finish processing.
// An exponential backoff policy is used to limit retries and conserve
// quota.
$sleep = 0;
$startTime = time();

do {
    $file = $this->service->files->get($reportId, $fileId);

    if ($file->getStatus() === 'REPORT_AVAILABLE') {
        printf('File status is %s, ready to download<br>', $file->getStatus());
        return $file;
    } elseif ($file->getStatus() !== 'PROCESSING') {
        printf('File status is %s, processing failed<br>', $file->getStatus());
        return null;
    } elseif (time() - $startTime > self::MAX_RETRY_ELAPSED_TIME) {
        printf('File processing deadline exceeded<br>');
        return null;
    }

    $sleep = $this->getNextSleepInterval($sleep);
    printf(
        'File status is %s, sleeping for %d seconds<br>',
        $file->getStatus(),
        $sleep
    );
    $this->sleep($sleep);
} while (true);

Python

# Wait for the report file to finish processing.
# An exponential backoff strategy is used to conserve request quota.
sleep = 0
start_time = time.time()
while True:
  report_file = service.files().get(
      reportId=report_id, fileId=file_id).execute()

  status = report_file['status']
  if status == 'REPORT_AVAILABLE':
    print 'File status is %s, ready to download.' % status
    return
  elif status != 'PROCESSING':
    print 'File status is %s, processing failed.' % status
    return
  elif time.time() - start_time > MAX_RETRY_ELAPSED_TIME:
    print 'File processing deadline exceeded.'
    return

  sleep = next_sleep_interval(sleep)
  print 'File status is %s, sleeping for %d seconds.' % (status, sleep)
  time.sleep(sleep)

Ruby

# Wait for the report file to finish processing.
# An exponential backoff strategy is used to conserve request quota.
interval = 0
start_time = Time.now
loop do
  report_file = service.get_file(report_id, file_id)

  status = report_file.status
  if status == 'REPORT_AVAILABLE'
    puts format('File status is %s, ready to download.', status)
    break
  elsif status != 'PROCESSING'
    puts format('File status is %s, processing failed.', status)
    break
  elsif Time.now - start_time > MAX_RETRY_ELAPSED_TIME
    puts 'File processing deadline exceeded.'
    break
  end

  interval = next_sleep_interval(interval)
  puts format('File status is %s, sleeping for %d seconds.', status,
    interval)
  sleep(interval)
end

當「status」變更為「REPORT_AVAILABLE」時，檔案即可下載。如上例所示，強烈建議您在輪詢時導入指數輪詢策略，以最佳化要求配額用量。