Melihat pratinjau link dengan chip pintar

Halaman ini menjelaskan cara membuat Add-on Google Workspace yang memungkinkan pengguna Google Dokumen melihat pratinjau link dari layanan pihak ketiga.

Add-on Google Workspace dapat mendeteksi link layanan Anda dan meminta pengguna Google Dokumen untuk melihat pratinjaunya. Anda dapat mengonfigurasi add-on untuk melihat pratinjau beberapa pola URL, seperti link ke kasus dukungan, prospek penjualan, dan profil karyawan.

Untuk melihat pratinjau link di dokumen Google Dokumen, pengguna berinteraksi dengan chip pintar dan kartu:

Pengguna melihat pratinjau kartu

Saat pengguna mengetik atau menempelkan URL ke dalam dokumen, Google Dokumen akan meminta mereka untuk mengganti link dengan smart chip. Smart chip menampilkan ikon dan judul atau deskripsi singkat dari konten link. Saat mengarahkan kursor ke chip, pengguna akan melihat antarmuka kartu yang menampilkan pratinjau informasi selengkapnya tentang file atau link.

Video berikut menunjukkan cara pengguna mengonversi link menjadi smart chip dan melihat pratinjau kartu:

Prasyarat

Apps Script

Node.js

Python

Java

Opsional: Menyiapkan autentikasi ke layanan pihak ketiga

Jika add-on terhubung ke layanan yang memerlukan otorisasi, pengguna harus mengautentikasi ke layanan untuk melihat pratinjau link. Artinya, saat pengguna menempelkan link dari layanan Anda ke dokumen Google Dokumen untuk pertama kalinya, add-on Anda harus memanggil alur otorisasi.

Untuk menyiapkan layanan OAuth atau permintaan otorisasi kustom, lihat salah satu panduan berikut:

Bagian ini menjelaskan cara menyiapkan pratinjau link untuk add-on, yang mencakup langkah-langkah berikut:

  1. Konfigurasi pratinjau link di file manifes atau resource deployment add-on Anda.
  2. Buat smart chip dan antarmuka kartu untuk link Anda.

Mengonfigurasi pratinjau link

Untuk mengonfigurasi pratinjau link, tentukan bagian dan kolom berikut di file manifes atau resource deployment add-on Anda:

  1. Di bagian addOns, tambahkan kolom docs untuk meluaskan Google Dokumen.

  2. Di kolom docs, implementasikan pemicu linkPreviewTriggers yang menyertakan runFunction (Anda dapat menentukan fungsi ini di bagian berikut, Membuat smart chip dan kartu).

    Untuk mempelajari kolom yang dapat Anda tentukan pada pemicu linkPreviewTriggers, lihat dokumentasi referensi untuk file manifes Apps Script atau resource deployment untuk runtime lainnya.

  3. Di kolom oauthScopes, tambahkan cakupan https://www.googleapis.com/auth/workspace.linkpreview agar pengguna dapat mengizinkan add-on untuk melihat pratinjau link atas nama mereka.

Sebagai contoh, lihat bagian oauthScopes dan addons pada resource deployment yang mengonfigurasi pratinjau link untuk layanan kasus dukungan:

{
  "oauthScopes": [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/workspace.linkpreview"
  ],
  "addOns": {
    "common": {
      "name": "Preview support cases",
      "logoUrl": "https://www.example.com/images/company-logo.png",
      "layoutProperties": {
        "primaryColor": "#dd4b39"
      }
    },
    "docs": {
      "linkPreviewTriggers": [
        {
          "runFunction": "caseLinkPreview",
          "patterns": [
            {
              "hostPattern": "example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "support/cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "*.example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "cases.example.com"
            }
          ],
          "labelText": "Support case",
          "logoUrl": "https://www.example.com/images/support-icon.png",
          "localizedLabelText": {
            "es": "Caso de soporte"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Dalam contoh, link pratinjau Add-on Google Workspace untuk layanan kasus dukungan perusahaan. Add-on ini menetapkan tiga pola URL untuk melihat pratinjau link. Setiap kali link cocok dengan salah satu pola URL dalam dokumen Google Dokumen, fungsi callback caseLinkPreview akan mem-build dan menampilkan smart chip dan kartu.

Membuat smart chip dan kartu

Untuk menampilkan smart chip dan kartu untuk link, Anda harus mengimplementasikan fungsi apa pun yang ditentukan dalam objek linkPreviewTriggers.

Saat pengguna berinteraksi dengan link yang cocok dengan pola URL tertentu, pemicu linkPreviewTriggers akan diaktifkan dan fungsi callback-nya meneruskan objek peristiwa docs.matchedUrl.url sebagai argumen. Anda menggunakan payload objek peristiwa ini guna membuat smart chip dan kartu untuk pratinjau link.

Misalnya, untuk add-on yang menentukan pola URL example.com/cases, jika pengguna melihat pratinjau link https://www.example.com/cases/123456, payload peristiwa berikut akan ditampilkan:

JSON 

{
  "docs": {
    "matchedUrl": {
        "url": "https://www.example.com/support/cases/123456"
    }
  }
}

Untuk membuat antarmuka kartu, gunakan widget untuk menampilkan informasi tentang link. Anda juga dapat membuat tindakan yang memungkinkan pengguna membuka link atau mengubah kontennya. Untuk daftar widget dan tindakan yang tersedia, lihat Komponen yang didukung untuk kartu pratinjau.

Untuk membuat smart chip dan kartu untuk pratinjau link:

  1. Terapkan fungsi yang Anda tentukan di bagian linkPreviewTriggers file manifes atau resource deployment add-on Anda:
    1. Fungsi tersebut harus menerima objek peristiwa yang berisi docs.matchedUrl.url sebagai argumen dan menampilkan satu objek Card.
    2. Jika layanan Anda memerlukan otorisasi, fungsi tersebut juga harus memanggil alur otorisasi.
  2. Untuk setiap kartu pratinjau, terapkan fungsi callback yang menyediakan interaktivitas widget untuk antarmuka. Misalnya, jika Anda menyertakan tombol yang bertuliskan "View link", Anda dapat membuat tindakan yang menentukan fungsi callback untuk membuka link di jendela baru. Untuk mempelajari interaksi widget lebih lanjut, lihat Tindakan add-on.

Kode berikut membuat fungsi callback caseLinkPreview:

Apps Script

apps-script/preview-links/preview-link.gs
/**
* Entry point for a support case link preview
*
* @param {!Object} event
* @return {!Card}
*/
// Creates a function that passes an event object as a parameter.
function caseLinkPreview(event) {

  // If the event object URL matches a specified pattern for support case links.
  if (event.docs.matchedUrl.url) {

    // Uses the event object to parse the URL and identify the case ID.
    const segments = event.docs.matchedUrl.url.split('/');
    const caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

    // Builds a preview card with the case ID, title, and description
    const caseHeader = CardService.newCardHeader()
      .setTitle(`Case ${caseId}: Title bar is broken.`);
    const caseDescription = CardService.newTextParagraph()
      .setText('Customer can\'t view title on mobile device.');

    // Returns the card.
    // Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return CardService.newCardBuilder()
      .setHeader(caseHeader)
      .addSection(CardService.newCardSection().addWidget(caseDescription))
      .build();
  }
}

Node.js

node/preview-links/index.js
/**
 * 
 * A support case link preview.
 *
 * @param {!string} url
 * @return {!Card}
 */
function caseLinkPreview(url) {

  // Parses the URL to identify the case ID.
  const segments = url.split('/');
  const caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

  // Returns the card.
  // Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
  return {
    header: {
      title: `Case ${caseId}: Title bar is broken.`
    },
    sections: [{
      widgets: [{
        textParagraph: {
          text: `Customer can't view title on mobile device.`
        }
      }]
    }]
  };
}

Python

python/preview-links/main.py

def case_link_preview(url):
    """A support case link preview.
    Args:
      url: The case link.
    Returns:
      A case link preview card.
    """

    # Parses the URL to identify the case ID.
    segments = url.split("/")
    case_id = segments[-1]

    # Returns the card.
    # Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return {
        "header": {"title": f"Case {case_id}: Title bar is broken."},
        "sections": [
            {
                "widgets": [
                    {
                        "textParagraph": {
                            "text": "Customer can't view title on mobile device."
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
    }

Java

java/preview-links/src/main/java/PreviewLink.java
/**
 * Creates a case link preview card.
 *
 * @param url A URL.
 * @return A case link preview card.
 */
Card caseLinkPreview(String url) {
  String[] segments = url.split("/");
  String caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

  CardHeader cardHeader = new CardHeader();
  cardHeader.setTitle(String.format("Case %s: Title bar is broken.", caseId));

  TextParagraph textParagraph = new TextParagraph();
  textParagraph.setText("Customer can't view title on mobile device.");

  WidgetMarkup widget = new WidgetMarkup();
  widget.setTextParagraph(textParagraph);
  Section section = new Section();
  section.setWidgets(List.of(widget));

  Card card = new Card();
  card.setHeader(cardHeader);
  card.setSections(List.of(section));

  return card;
}

Komponen yang didukung untuk kartu pratinjau

Add-on Google Workspace mendukung widget dan tindakan berikut untuk kartu pratinjau link:

Apps Script

Kolom Layanan Kartu Type
TextParagraph Widget
DecoratedText Widget
Image Widget
IconImage Widget
ButtonSet Widget
TextButton Widget
ImageButton Widget
Grid Widget
Divider Widget
OpenLink Tindakan
Navigation Tindakan
Hanya metode updateCard yang didukung.

JSON

Kolom kartu (google.apps.card.v1) Type
TextParagraph Widget
DecoratedText Widget
Image Widget
Icon Widget
ButtonList Widget
Button Widget
Grid Widget
Divider Widget
OpenLink Tindakan
Navigation Tindakan
Hanya metode updateCard yang didukung.

Contoh lengkap: Add-on kasus dukungan

Contoh berikut menampilkan Add-on Google Workspace yang mempratinjau link ke kasus dukungan perusahaan dan profil karyawan.

Contoh tersebut melakukan hal berikut:

  • Pratinjau link ke kasus dukungan, seperti https://www.example.com/support/cases/1234. Smart chip menampilkan ikon dukungan, dan kartu pratinjau menyertakan ID kasus dan deskripsi.
  • Melihat pratinjau link ke agen kasus dukungan, seperti https://www.example.com/people/rosario-cruz. Smart chip menampilkan ikon orang, dan kartu pratinjau berisi nama karyawan, email, jabatan, dan foto profil.
  • Jika lokalitas pengguna disetel ke bahasa Spanyol, smart chip akan melokalkan labelText ke bahasa Spanyol.

Resource deployment

Apps Script

apps-script/preview-links/appsscript.json
{
  "timeZone": "America/New_York",
  "exceptionLogging": "STACKDRIVER",
  "runtimeVersion": "V8",
  "oauthScopes": [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/workspace.linkpreview"
  ],
  "addOns": {
    "common": {
      "name": "Preview support cases",
      "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/link-icon.png",
      "layoutProperties": {
        "primaryColor": "#dd4b39"
      }
    },
    "docs": {
      "linkPreviewTriggers": [
        {
          "runFunction": "caseLinkPreview",
          "patterns": [
            {
              "hostPattern": "example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "support/cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "*.example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "cases.example.com"
            }
          ],
          "labelText": "Support case",
          "localizedLabelText": {
            "es": "Caso de soporte"
          },
          "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/support-icon.png"
        },
        {
          "runFunction": "peopleLinkPreview",
          "patterns": [
            {
              "hostPattern": "example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "people"
            }
          ],
          "labelText": "People",
          "localizedLabelText": {
            "es": "Personas"
          },
          "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/person-icon.png"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

JSON 

{
  "oauthScopes": [
    "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/workspace.linkpreview"
  ],
  "addOns": {
    "common": {
      "name": "Preview support cases",
      "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/link-icon.png",
      "layoutProperties": {
        "primaryColor": "#dd4b39"
      }
    },
    "docs": {
      "linkPreviewTriggers": [
        {
          "runFunction": "URL",
          "patterns": [
            {
              "hostPattern": "example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "support/cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "*.example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "cases"
            },
            {
              "hostPattern": "cases.example.com"
            }
          ],
          "labelText": "Support case",
          "localizedLabelText": {
            "es": "Caso de soporte"
          },
          "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/support-icon.png"
        },
        {
          "runFunction": "URL",
          "patterns": [
            {
              "hostPattern": "example.com",
              "pathPrefix": "people"
            }
          ],
          "labelText": "People",
          "localizedLabelText": {
            "es": "Personas"
          },
          "logoUrl": "https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/person-icon.png"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Kode

Apps Script

apps-script/preview-links/preview-link.gs
/**
* Entry point for a support case link preview
*
* @param {!Object} event
* @return {!Card}
*/
// Creates a function that passes an event object as a parameter.
function caseLinkPreview(event) {

  // If the event object URL matches a specified pattern for support case links.
  if (event.docs.matchedUrl.url) {

    // Uses the event object to parse the URL and identify the case ID.
    const segments = event.docs.matchedUrl.url.split('/');
    const caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

    // Builds a preview card with the case ID, title, and description
    const caseHeader = CardService.newCardHeader()
      .setTitle(`Case ${caseId}: Title bar is broken.`);
    const caseDescription = CardService.newTextParagraph()
      .setText('Customer can\'t view title on mobile device.');

    // Returns the card.
    // Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return CardService.newCardBuilder()
      .setHeader(caseHeader)
      .addSection(CardService.newCardSection().addWidget(caseDescription))
      .build();
  }
}


/**
* Entry point for an employee profile link preview
*
* @param {!Object} event
* @return {!Card}
*/
function peopleLinkPreview(event) {

  // If the event object URL matches a specified pattern for employee profile links.
  if (event.docs.matchedUrl.url) {

    // Builds a preview card with an employee's name, title, email, and profile photo.
    const userHeader = CardService.newCardHeader().setTitle("Rosario Cruz");
    const userImage = CardService.newImage()
      .setImageUrl("https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/employee-profile.png");
    const userInfo = CardService.newDecoratedText()
      .setText("rosario@example.com")
      .setBottomLabel("Case Manager")
      .setIcon(CardService.Icon.EMAIL);
    const userSection = CardService.newCardSection()
      .addWidget(userImage)
      .addWidget(userInfo);

    // Returns the card. Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return CardService.newCardBuilder()
      .setHeader(userHeader)
      .addSection(userSection)
      .build();
  }
}

Node.js

node/preview-links/index.js
const UrlParser = require('url');

/**
 * Responds to any HTTP request.
 *
 * @param {Object} req HTTP request context.
 * @param {Object} res HTTP response context.
 */
exports.createLinkPreview = (req, res) => {
  const event = req.body;
  if (event.docs.matchedUrl.url) {
    res.json(createCard(event.docs.matchedUrl.url));
  }
};

/**
 * Creates a preview link card for either a case link or people link.
 * 
 * @param {!String} url
 * @return {!Card}
 */
function createCard(url) {
  const parsedUrl = UrlParser.parse(url);
  if (parsedUrl.hostname === 'www.example.com') {
    if (parsedUrl.path.startsWith('/support/cases/')) {
      return caseLinkPreview(url);
    }

    if (parsedUrl.path.startsWith('/people/')) {
      return peopleLinkPreview();
    }
  }
}


/**
 * 
 * A support case link preview.
 *
 * @param {!string} url
 * @return {!Card}
 */
function caseLinkPreview(url) {

  // Parses the URL to identify the case ID.
  const segments = url.split('/');
  const caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

  // Returns the card.
  // Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
  return {
    header: {
      title: `Case ${caseId}: Title bar is broken.`
    },
    sections: [{
      widgets: [{
        textParagraph: {
          text: `Customer can't view title on mobile device.`
        }
      }]
    }]
  };
}


/**
 * An employee profile link preview.
 *
 * @return {!Card}
 */
function peopleLinkPreview() {

  // Builds a preview card with an employee's name, title, email, and profile photo.
  // Returns the card. Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
  return {
    header: {
      title: "Rosario Cruz"
    },
    sections: [{
      widgets: [
        {
          image: {
            imageUrl: 'https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/employee-profile.png'
          }
        }, {
          keyValue: {
            icon: "EMAIL",
            content: "rosario@example.com",
            bottomLabel: "Case Manager"
          }
        }
      ]
    }]
  };
}

Python

python/preview-links/main.py
from typing import Any, Mapping
from urllib.parse import urlparse

import flask
import functions_framework


@functions_framework.http
def create_link_preview(req: flask.Request):
    """Responds to any HTTP request.
    Args:
      req: HTTP request context.
    Returns:
      The response object.
    """
    event = req.get_json(silent=True)
    if event["docs"]["matchedUrl"]["url"]:
        return create_card(event["docs"]["matchedUrl"]["url"])


def create_card(url):
    """Creates a preview link card for either a case link or people link.
    Args:
      url: The matched url.
    Returns:
      A case link preview card or a people link preview card.
    """
    parsed_url = urlparse(url)
    if parsed_url.hostname != "www.example.com":
        return {}

    if parsed_url.path.startswith("/support/cases/"):
        return case_link_preview(url)

    if parsed_url.path.startswith("/people/"):
        return people_link_preview()

    return {}




def case_link_preview(url):
    """A support case link preview.
    Args:
      url: The case link.
    Returns:
      A case link preview card.
    """

    # Parses the URL to identify the case ID.
    segments = url.split("/")
    case_id = segments[-1]

    # Returns the card.
    # Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return {
        "header": {"title": f"Case {case_id}: Title bar is broken."},
        "sections": [
            {
                "widgets": [
                    {
                        "textParagraph": {
                            "text": "Customer can't view title on mobile device."
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
    }




def people_link_preview():
    """An employee profile link preview.
    Returns:
      A people link preview card.
    """

    # Builds a preview card with an employee's name, title, email, and profile photo.
    # Returns the card. Uses the text from the card's header for the title of the smart chip.
    return {
        "header": {"title": "Rosario Cruz"},
        "sections": [
            {
                "widgets": [
                    {
                        "image": {
                            "imageUrl": "https:#developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/employee-profile.png"
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        "keyValue": {
                            "icon": "EMAIL",
                            "content": "rosario@example.com",
                            "bottomLabel": "Case Manager",
                        }
                    },
                ]
            }
        ],
    }

Java

java/preview-links/src/main/java/PreviewLink.java
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.Card;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.CardHeader;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.Image;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.KeyValue;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.Section;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.TextParagraph;
import com.google.api.services.chat.v1.model.WidgetMarkup;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpFunction;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpRequest;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpResponse;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;

public class PreviewLink implements HttpFunction {
  private static final Gson gson = new Gson();

  /**
   * Responds to any HTTP request.
   *
   * @param request  An HTTP request context.
   * @param response An HTTP response context.
   */
  @Override
  public void service(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response) throws Exception {
    JsonObject body = gson.fromJson(request.getReader(), JsonObject.class);
    String url = body.getAsJsonObject("docs")
        .getAsJsonObject("matchedUrl")
        .get("url")
        .getAsString();

    response.getWriter().write(gson.toJson(createCard(url)));
  }

  /**
   * Creates a preview link card for either a case link or people link.
   *
   * @param url A URL.
   * @return A case link preview card or a people link preview card.
   */
  Card createCard(String url) throws MalformedURLException {
    URL parsedURL = new URL(url);

    if (!parsedURL.getHost().equals("www.example.com")) {
      return new Card();
    }

    if (parsedURL.getPath().startsWith("/support/cases/")) {
      return caseLinkPreview(url);
    }

    if (parsedURL.getPath().startsWith("/people/")) {
      return peopleLinkPreview();
    }

    return new Card();
  }


  /**
   * Creates a case link preview card.
   *
   * @param url A URL.
   * @return A case link preview card.
   */
  Card caseLinkPreview(String url) {
    String[] segments = url.split("/");
    String caseId = segments[segments.length - 1];

    CardHeader cardHeader = new CardHeader();
    cardHeader.setTitle(String.format("Case %s: Title bar is broken.", caseId));

    TextParagraph textParagraph = new TextParagraph();
    textParagraph.setText("Customer can't view title on mobile device.");

    WidgetMarkup widget = new WidgetMarkup();
    widget.setTextParagraph(textParagraph);
    Section section = new Section();
    section.setWidgets(List.of(widget));

    Card card = new Card();
    card.setHeader(cardHeader);
    card.setSections(List.of(section));

    return card;
  }


  /**
   * Creates a people link preview card.
   *
   * @return A people link preview card.
   */
  Card peopleLinkPreview() {
    CardHeader cardHeader = new CardHeader();
    cardHeader.setTitle("Rosario Cruz");

    Image image = new Image();
    image.setImageUrl("https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/images/employee-profile.png");

    WidgetMarkup imageWidget = new WidgetMarkup();
    imageWidget.setImage(image);

    KeyValue keyValue = new KeyValue();
    keyValue.setIcon("EMAIL");
    keyValue.setContent("rosario@example.com");
    keyValue.setBottomLabel("Case Manager");

    WidgetMarkup keyValueWidget = new WidgetMarkup();
    keyValueWidget.setKeyValue(keyValue);

    Section section = new Section();
    section.setWidgets(List.of(imageWidget, keyValueWidget));

    Card card = new Card();
    card.setHeader(cardHeader);
    card.setSections(List.of(section));

    return card;
  }

}