海嘯警報

海嘯的 CAP 特別建議

結構化海嘯參數

海嘯警報應包含下列部分或全部資訊:

  • 浪潮抵達時間、高度和位置
    • 時間和高度應同時包含預測值和觀測值。高度可以是確切值 (例如「0.5 公尺」),也可以是範圍 (例如「0.3 公尺 - 0.5 公尺」)。時間必須精確 (例如 2012-04-11T17:00:13-07:00)。
    • 位置必須以經緯度點的形式提供,才能讓 Google 公共警報顯示到達時間和高度。地點名稱應不重複且易於使用者辨識。
  • 海岸線路段形狀,只要檔案中含有地理編碼名稱,即可以 Shapefile 或 KML 格式提供
  • 互動式多媒體資源,例如能源地圖或行程時間地圖

其他格式

由於 OASIS CAP 規格沒有針對警報發布者應如何提供海嘯相關資訊提供指南,因此我們已找出我們先前使用過且與 Google 公開警報相容的格式。如需詳細範例,請來信至 google-public-alerts@google.com

美國國家海嘯預警中心海嘯特報

<alert xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:emergency:cap:1.2">
  <identifier>PAAQ-14-nuskyv</identifier>
  <sender>ntwc@noaa.gov</sender>
  <sent>2015-09-17T11:41:21-00:00</sent>
  <status>Actual</status>
  <msgType>Update</msgType>
  <source>NTWC</source>
  <scope>Public</scope>
  <code>IPAWSv1.0</code>
  <references>
    ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-1-nuskyv,2015-09-16T23:01:55-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-2-nuskyv,2015-09-16T23:26:48-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-3-nuskyv,2015-09-17T00:29:26-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-4-nuskyv,2015-09-17T01:43:43-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-5-nuskyv,2015-09-17T02:38:25-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-6-nuskyv,2015-09-17T03:37:00-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-7-nuskyv,2015-09-17T04:42:58-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-8-nuskyv,2015-09-17T05:41:04-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-9-nuskyv,2015-09-17T06:41:41-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-10-nuskyv,2015-09-17T07:43:48-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-11-nuskyv,2015-09-17T08:45:58-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-12-nuskyv,2015-09-17T09:44:37-00:00 ntwc@noaa.gov,PAAQ-13-nuskyv,2015-09-17T10:46:42-00:00</references>
  <incidents>nuskyv</incidents>
  <info>
    <category>Geo</category>
    <event>Tsunami Advisory</event>
    <responseType>Prepare</responseType>
    <urgency>Immediate</urgency>
    <severity>Moderate</severity>
    <certainty>Likely</certainty>
    <onset>2015-09-17T11:41:21-00:00</onset>
    <expires>2015-09-17T14:11:21-00:00</expires>
    <senderName>NWS National Tsunami Warning Center Palmer AK</senderName>
    <headline>The tsunami Advisory remains in effect for the coastal areas of California from San Onofre State Beach, California (45 miles SE of L.A.) to Ragged Point, California (50 miles NW of San Luis Obispo).</headline>
    <description>The tsunami Advisory remains in effect for the coastal areas of California from San Onofre State Beach, California (45 miles SE of L.A.) to Ragged Point, California (50 miles NW of San Luis Obispo). - Event details: Preliminary magnitude 8.3 (MWP) earthquake / Lat: -31.500, Lon: -72.000 at 2015-09-16T22:54:31 UTC Tsunami advisories mean that a tsunami capable of producing strong currents or waves dangerous to people in or very near the water is expected.  Significant widespread inundation is not expected for areas under an advisory.  Currents may be hazardous to swimmers, boats, and coastal structures and may continue for several hours after the initial wave arrival. </description>
    <instruction>  If you are in an advisory area - move off the beach and out of harbors and marinas.  Widespread inundation of land is not expected for advisory areas.   Be alert to instructions from your local emergency officials.   Do not go to the coast to observe the tsunami.   Do not return to the coast until local emergency officials indicate it is safe to do so.Next update and additional information:   This message will be updated in 60 minutes or sooner if the situation warrants.   The tsunami message will remain in effect until further notice.   Refer to the internet site ntwc.arh.noaa.gov for more information.</instruction>
    <web>http://ntwc.arh.noaa.gov/events/PAAQ/2015/09/16/nuskyv/14/WEAK51/WEAK51.txt</web>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventLocationName</valueName>
      <value>off the coast of central Chile</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventPreliminaryMagnitude</valueName>
      <value>8.3</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventPreliminaryMagnitudeType</valueName>
      <value>MWP</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventOriginTime</valueName>
      <value>2015-09-16T22:54:31-00:00</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventDepth</valueName>
      <value>10 kilometers</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EventLatLon</valueName>
      <value>-31.500,-72.000 0.000</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>VTEC</valueName>
      <value>/O.CON.PAAQ.TS.Y.0021.000000T0000Z-000000T0000Z/</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>NWSUGC</valueName>
      <value>CAZ040-041-552-087-549-550-039-034-035-171311-</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>ProductDefinition</valueName>
      <value>Tsunami advisories mean that a tsunami capable of producing strong currents or waves dangerous to people in or very near the water is expected.  Significant widespread inundation is not expected for areas under an advisory.  Currents may be hazardous to swimmers, boats, and coastal structures and may continue for several hours after the initial wave arrival. </value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>WEAK51</valueName>
      <value>Public Tsunami Warnings, Watches, and Advisories for AK, BC, and US West Coast</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>EAS-ORG</valueName>
      <value>WXR</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Catalina Island, CA";2015-09-17T04:39:26-07:00;33.3;-118.3;CA087;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Catalina Island, CA";"0.030m 0.098ft";33.3;-118.3;CA087;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Central Coa, CA";2015-09-17T04:52:26-07:00;34.4;-120.5;CA035;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Los Angeles County Coast includi, CA";2015-09-17T04:55:26-07:00;33.8;-118.2;CA041;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Los Angeles County Coast includi, CA";"0.310m 1.017ft";33.8;-118.2;CA041;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Mountains, CA";2015-09-17T04:55:26-07:00;34.5;-120.2;CA052;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Mountains, CA";"0.080m 0.262ft";34.5;-120.2;CA052;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";2015-09-17T04:56:26-07:00;34.1;-119.2;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";"0.090m 0.295ft";34.1;-119.2;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";2015-09-17T04:57:26-07:00;34.2;-119.2;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";"0.100m 0.328ft";34.2;-119.2;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Los Angeles County Coast includi, CA";2015-09-17T04:59:26-07:00;33.8;-118.2;CA041;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Los Angeles County Coast includi, CA";"0.230m 0.755ft";33.8;-118.2;CA041;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Mountains, CA";2015-09-17T07:53:31-07:00;34.4;-119.9;CA052;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Mountains, CA";"0.090m 0.295ft";34.4;-120.0;CA052;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Central Coa, CA";2015-09-17T05:01:26-07:00;34.7;-120.6;CA035;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Central Coa, CA";"0.160m 0.525ft";34.7;-120.6;CA035;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";2015-09-17T05:03:26-07:00;34.4;-119.8;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";"0.070m 0.230ft";34.4;-119.8;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";2015-09-17T05:06:26-07:00;35.2;-120.9;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";"0.070m 0.230ft";35.2;-120.9;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";2015-09-17T05:06:26-07:00;34.4;-119.7;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";"0.150m 0.492ft";34.4;-119.7;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Central Coa, CA";2015-09-17T05:09:26-07:00;34.9;-120.6;CA035;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County Central Coa, CA";"0.280m 0.919ft";34.9;-120.6;CA035;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";2015-09-17T05:11:26-07:00;34.3;-119.3;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Ventura County Coast, CA";"0.240m 0.787ft";34.3;-119.3;CA040;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";2015-09-17T05:10:26-07:00;35.2;-120.8;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";"0.240m 0.787ft";35.2;-120.8;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";2015-09-17T05:12:26-07:00;35.4;-120.9;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";"0.120m 0.394ft";35.4;-120.9;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";2015-09-17T05:14:26-07:00;34.4;-119.5;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"Santa Barbara County South Coast, CA";"0.130m 0.427ft";34.4;-119.5;CA039;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedArrivalTime</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";2015-09-17T05:15:26-07:00;35.1;-120.7;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <parameter>
      <valueName>predictedWaveHeight</valueName>
      <value>"San Luis Obispo County Interior, CA";"0.250m 0.820ft";35.1;-120.7;CA037;"CAP-TSU:1.0"</value>
    </parameter>
    <resource>
      <resourceDesc>Energy Map</resourceDesc>
      <mimeType>image/jpeg</mimeType>
      <uri>http://ntwc.arh.noaa.gov/events/PAAQ/2015/09/16/nuskyv/14/WEAK51/energynuskyv.jpg</uri>
    </resource>
    <resource>
      <resourceDesc>Tsunami Travel Time Map</resourceDesc>
      <mimeType>image/jpeg</mimeType>
      <uri>http://ntwc.arh.noaa.gov/events/PAAQ/2015/09/16/nuskyv/14/WEAK51/ttvunuskyv-14.jpg</uri>
    </resource>
    <resource>
      <resourceDesc>Event Data as a JSON document</resourceDesc>
      <mimeType>application/json</mimeType>
      <uri>http://ntwc.arh.noaa.gov/events/PAAQ/2015/09/16/nuskyv/14/WEAK51/PAAQ.json</uri>
    </resource>
    <area>
      <areaDesc>Coastal areas between and including San Onofre State Beach, California (45 miles SE of L.A.) to Ragged Point, California (50 miles NW of San Luis Obispo)</areaDesc>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ040</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ041</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ552</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ087</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ549</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ550</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ039</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ034</value>
      </geocode>
      <geocode>
        <valueName>UGC</valueName>
        <value>CAZ035</value>
      </geocode>
    </area>
  </info>
<Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
  ...
</Signature></alert>