Overview

Emergency Location Service (ELS) is a service running in most of Android devices that, in general:

  1. Recognizes when a user starts an emergency call or emergency SMS using their mobile phone.
    1. Computes the location data from the Fused Location Provider
    2. Gathers Additional Emergency Information (AEI) from apps and services on the device.
  2. Sends the information directly to an endpoint or endpoints set up by the partner.

If the device is in a region that supports this service in a country where ELS is deployed, ELS may turn on services, including location to compute the emergency location and Wi-Fi to assist with data transmission.

When correctly used, ELS helps partners receive supplemental location information that enhances the accuracy of other location methods. Note that this information is strictly supplemental and should aid, not replace, other location derivation methods.

The usage of ELS provides several potential advantages, including:

  • Increased accuracy when compared to methods like cell tower triangulation.
  • Increased reliability, given its integration with the Android operating system.
  • Enhanced privacy, since location is determined on-device and sent directly to the emergency services through an endpoint maintained by the ELS partner.
  • Expanded coverage, considering that many handset devices globally use Android.

In general, to use ELS, a partner should:

  • Define a handset configuration. A handset configuration is a set of parameters that ELS uses to determine how to activate.
  • Provide an ELS-capable partner endpoint. This endpoint is a partner-owned and operated infrastructure that receives ELS information using HTTPS and/or SMS protocols.
  • Provide the data, for free, to downstream public safety partners.

After internal testing, Google can deploy the handset configuration to all ELS-capable devices and start a pilot program to validate that all the systems are working correctly, jointly monitoring metrics and troubleshooting issues if necessary.