[Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8bUbcuteio)
As an alternative to Google Apps Script, you can build an
add-on in any coding language you want, as long as you
can return properly formatted JSON for the interface to render as cards.
For a comparison of Apps Script and HTTP, watch the video "Apps
Script versus HTTP endpoints: Which should you choose? 🤔".
## Set up the runtime
Pick your hosting infrastructure and set up your HTTP endpoints. If you want to
build and host your add-on on Google Cloud, we
recommend that you use [Cloud Run](https://cloud.google.com/run).
## Create a manifest
When you build your add-on in a different language, you
must configure the add-on's manifest in
Google Cloud.
Follow these steps to configure your add-on's manifest:
1. If you haven't already, [create a Google Cloud project for your
add-on](https://cloud.google.com/resource-manager/docs/creating-managing-projects).
2. In the Google Cloud console, enable the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK.
[Enable the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/enableflow;apiid=appsmarket-component.googleapis.com)
3. In the Google Cloud console, go to
**Menu**
\> **APIs \& Services**
\> **Enabled APIs \& services**
\> **Google Workspace Marketplace SDK**
\> **HTTP Deployments**.
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
4. At the top, click **Create new deployment**.
5. Give your manifest a name and click **Next**.
6. Add your add-on's information in JSON format and
click **Submit**.
For more information, see [Manifests for
Google Workspace add-ons](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/workspace-manifests).
### Edit a manifest
You can update a Google Workspace add-on manifest using these steps:
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to
**Menu**
\> **APIs \& Services**
\> **Enabled APIs \& services**
\> **Google Workspace Marketplace SDK**
\> **HTTP Deployments**.
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
2. In the **Deployments** section, locate the deployment that you want to edit.
3. Click **More**
\> **Edit**.
4. Update the Deployment.json file within the **Edit deployment** side panel
and click **Submit**.
#### Add host products
If you add a host product to the manifest file of an existing deployment (for
example, adding the Gmail component), and the deployment is used in the
Google Workspace Marketplace, a notification prompts you to sync your draft
changes on the [App Configuration](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk) tab
of the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK.
The new host product appears in the App Integrations section of the App
Configuration tab with a status of "Unsaved". Additionally, the following
message appears when you remove supported hosts from a deployment that's in use:
Some of your integrations are no longer supported by the given deployment and
will be removed. Save to update your setup.
To update your configuration details and to set the status to "Draft", click
**Save Draft** on the App Configuration tab.
To publish your draft, on the [Store Listing](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_publish)
tab, click **Publish** . If **Submit for review** is displayed, your changes
require a review before publishing. Click the button to begin the review
process.
After the draft is published, your Google Workspace Marketplace listing is
updated to include the new host product in the "Works with" icons on the app
listing and the "Works with" filter. Additionally, the
add-on can be used in the new host. For more
information on how to save and publish, see [Update your app listing with
drafts](https://developers.google.com/workspace/marketplace/manage-app-listing#draft-app-listing).
Removing a host product from the manifest takes effect within minutes and
doesn't require a review. However, be sure to save and publish the changes to
keep your app listing up to date.
### Set explicit scopes in your manifest
To build your HTTP add-on, you must explicitly set the
relevant OAuth scopes in your add-on's manifest. You must add all the scopes
required by your project to the `oauthScopes` array field of the
[`projects.deployments`](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments)
resource.
We recommend that you always use the least-permissive set of scopes possible. To
protect user information, add-ons should *never* ask for more
scope permissions than they absolutely need. For more information, see
[Scopes](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/workspace-scopes).
## Manage granular permissions
HTTP add-on that use user authentication must support
[granular permissions](https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2/resources/granular-permissions)
to allow users to grant a subset of requested scopes. This gives users more
granular control over the data that they share and provides better transparency
and security.
The granular OAuth consent screen lets users specify which individual OAuth
scopes to authorize. The consent screen includes a summary of your project, its
policies, and the requested authorization scopes from the [App Configuration](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk) page
of the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK.
During add-on execution, the add-on receives a list of
user authorized scopes.
The following code sample shows a list of authorized scopes:
{
"authorizationEventObject": {
"userOAuthToken": "USER_OAUTH_TOKEN",
"authorizedScopes": [
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.execute",
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.locale"
]
}
}
Developers must check the list of authorized scopes to detect if there's any
scopes missing for the current execution.
The following code sample shows how to detect missing scopes:
// A Node.js HTTP handler that reads the latest email and creates a calendar event.
export async function createCalendarEventFromEmail(req, res) {
// Ensure the required scopes are authorized.
const authorizedScopes = req.body.authorizationEventObject.authorizedScopes || [];
if (!authorizedScopes.includes('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly') ||
!authorizedScopes.includes('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.events.owned')) {
res.send({
'requesting_google_scopes': {
'scopes': [
'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly',
'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar.events.owned'
]
}
});
return;
}
// Use the token for API calls and return a card response.
// ...
}
If the add-on detects any missing scopes, it should
return the list of scopes as a response. The add-on
shows a granular permissions prompt to the user with the missing scopes. The
user can then choose which scopes they want to allow.
The following code sample shows how to request specific missing scopes:
{
"requesting_google_scopes": {
"scopes": [
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/books",
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/youtube"
]
}
}
While developers can prompt for individual scopes, it's best practice to prompt
for all scopes required for the current add-on
execution. This way the add-on doesn't request
unnecessary scopes and the user isn't prompted too often.
The following code sample shows how to request all the scopes from the manifest:
{
"requesting_google_scopes": {
"all_scopes": true
}
}
The granular permissions prompt is then shown to the user with all the missing
OAuth scopes. After the user addresses the prompt, the
add-on is executed again with the granted scopes.
Following the OAuth consent flow, the add-on
automatically repeats the last action that originally prompted the request for
more permissions.
### Constraints on granular permissions
The following constraints are enforced when working with the granular
permissions flow:
- The OAuth scopes must be listed in the project manifest. Otherwise, when you
try to invoke a scope it generates an error.
- You can't assume users granted all requested scopes for your app. If users
don't grant access to all required scopes for the current execution, you
must request permissions for the missing scopes.
- If there's only one scope required, the consent screen doesn't display the
checkbox.
## Build JSON card
Design your add-on interface with the [card
framework](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/cards). Use JSON instead of the
Google Apps Script Card Service to build cards. For detailed information about
JSON objects for cards, see the [reference
documentation](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#google.apps.card.v1).
To view examples of JSON cards, see [JSON card
interfaces](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#json-card-interfaces).
## Create JSON response objects
Each unique entry point listed in your add-on's
manifest needs a unique JSON response object.
The following are common Google Workspace add-on entry points with sample
JSON response schemas.
### Common entry points for Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Drive, Editors, and Google Meet
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#homepageextensionpoint` | The user opens the add-on's [homepage](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/homepages). | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#onclick` | The user clicks on [actions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#callback_functions) within the add-on. | [onClick](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#onclick) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#textinput ` | The user enters text and the add-on provides [automatic suggestions.](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/how-tos/suggestions) | [getAutocompletionResponse](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#getautocompletionresponse) |
### Entry points for Gmail
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/gmail#contextualtrigger` | The user [opens an email](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-message-ui). | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/gmail#composetrigger` | The user opens the [compose](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-compose-ui) view. | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
### Entry points for Calendar
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#calendaraddonmanifest ` | The user [opens an event](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/calendar/building-calendar-interfaces#extending_the_calendar_event_interface). | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#calendaraddonmanifest ` | The user [updates](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/calendar/building-calendar-interfaces#updating_calendar_events) an event. | [calendarClientActionMarkup](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/apps.extensions.markup#calendarclientactionmarkup) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#calendaraddonmanifest ` | The user clicks on the add-on attachment provider in the Calendar attachment drop-down menu. | [calendarClientActionMarkup](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/apps.extensions.markup#calendarclientactionmarkup) |
### Entry points for Drive
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/drive#driveaddonmanifest` | The user [selects a file](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/drive/building-drive-interfaces#drive_contextual_interface_for_items_selected). | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
### Entry points for Editors
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| [`createActionTriggers`](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#docsaddonmanifest) | The user has chosen to create a third-party resource from the @ Menu in a Google Workspace application. | [link](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#google.apps.card.v1.Link) |
| [`linkPreviewTriggers`](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#docsaddonmanifest) | The user has interacted with a URL that matches a pattern specified in `LinkPreviewTriggers`. | [linkPreview](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#linkpreview) |
| [` onFileScopeGrantedTrigger `](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments#docsaddonmanifest) | The user has completed granting file access in response to a [`requestFileScopeForActiveDocument`](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#editor-action-response) action. | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
### Entry points for Workspace Studio
| Entry point | Description | JSON response |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/workflow#workflowaction` | A user or automation executes a step within a flow. | [workflowAction](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/apps.extensions.markup#apps.extensions.markup.WorkflowClientActionMarkup) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/workflow#workflowaction` | A user opens or edits a step's configuration card in Google Workspace Studio. | [renderActions](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.card.v1#renderactions) |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.apps.script.type/workflow#workflowresourcedefinition` | A custom resource is requested by Google Workspace Studio to provide data or choices. | [resourceRetrievedAction](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/apps.extensions.markup#apps.extensions.markup.WorkflowClientActionMarkup.ResourceRetrievedAction) |
## Validate JSON requests
A request sent to your endpoint is a POST request with a JSON event object in
the request body.
Properly guard your HTTPS endpoint to ensure requests to your
add-on are only fulfilled for ones coming from Google.
This is especially important if your HTTPS endpoint returns user data from your
service.
Use `authorizationEventObject` ID tokens to access Google services and validate
users and service accounts. Alternatively, if you use Cloud Run, you can
[authenticate requests with IAM](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#authenticate-iam).
### Authenticate with IAM
If you host your add-on on [Cloud Run](https://cloud.google.com/run), you can use
Identity and Access Management (IAM) to authenticate requests from Google. This
is simpler and more efficient than manual token verification because Cloud Run
handles authentication for you. When you use IAM authentication, Google
automatically includes a signed ID token in the `Authorization` header of every
request it sends to your add-on. Cloud Run verifies the token before the request
reaches your service.
To use IAM authentication, follow these steps:
1. Deploy your Cloud Run service and [require authentication](https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/configuring/authentication).
2. In the Google Cloud console, get the service account email for your add-on:
1. Go to the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK **HTTP Deployments** tab:
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
2. In the **Authorization Resource** section, copy the
**Service Account Email**.
3. [Grant the service account](https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/configuring/iam#adding-policy-binding)
the **Cloud Run Invoker** role (`roles/run.invoker`) for your service.
### ID tokens
| Token field | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.cloud.gsuiteaddons.v1#authorization` | String | The end user OAuth access token, authorized with the requested scopes. See [the example to get a user's Gmail data](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#get-user-gmail). |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.cloud.gsuiteaddons.v1#authorization` | String | An end user ID token. The user's email address is encoded in the end user ID token, formatted as a [JSON web token](https://jwt.io). To receive this event object in the request, you must specify the scope `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email` in your add-on's manifest. See [the example to get a user's email address](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#get-user-email). |
| `https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rpc/google.cloud.gsuiteaddons.v1#authorization` | String | An ID token for the Google Workspace add-on's service account for a specific deployment. It can be used to verify that the request comes from Google. See [the example to validate requests from Google](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#validate-requests-from-google). |
### Example: Get the user's Gmail data
To access users' Google data, request the relevant scope in your
add-on's manifest. Then use
`authorizationEventObject.userOAuthToken` to pass the API calls.
In the following example, the add-on uses a contextual
trigger to reference the email recipient while the user is reading an email. To
learn more about contextual triggers in Gmail, see [Extending the
message UI](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-message-ui).
#### Add triggers and scopes
First, update your manifest to include Gmail's contextual trigger
and an OAuth scope to allow access to the current message.
```
{
"oauthScopes": [
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.execute",
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.current.message.metadata"
],
"addOns": {
"common": {...},
"gmail": {
"contextualTriggers": [
{
"unconditional": {},
"onTriggerFunction": "https://us-central1-test-http-runtime.cloudfunctions.net/GmailExample/simpleMessageInfo"
}
]
}
}
}
```
Specify the HTTPS endpoint for the add-on to apply when
the user views an email message.
If you don't want to use URL paths to distinguish between different entry
points, you can use query parameters, for example,
`https://us-central1-test-http-runtime.cloudfunctions.net/HttpAddOn/exampleWidgets?trigger=onEmailOpen`.
When triggered, in this case by the user opening an email, the following event
object is passed to the add-on as a JSON blob in the
HTTP body.
```
{
"commonEventObject": {
"hostApp": "GMAIL",
"platform": "WEB"
},
"authorizationEventObject": {
"userOAuthToken": "ya29...",
"systemIdToken": "eyJhbGc...",
"userIdToken": "jaaa45..."
},
"gmail": {
"messageId": "msg-f:1234567",
"threadId": "thread-f:2345678",
"accessToken": "xedf241..."
}
}
```
#### Extract the information
The event object doesn't have the user's email address or the contents of the
email. To get this information, use the
[Gmail API](https://developers.google.com/workspace/gmail/api) to get the contents of the email with
the `messageId`.
To authenticate with the Gmail API, send the OAuth2 token in the
`Authorization` header as a bearer token. Send the OAuth2 access token from
`authorizationEventObject.userOauthToken`.
When using one of the per-message scopes, also include the message token from
`gmail.accessToken` in an additional `X-Goog-Gmail-Access-Token` header.
The following code sample shows how to get the contents of an email using the
Gmail API:
##### Java
```java
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.BearerToken;
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.Credential;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.jackson2.JacksonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpHeaders;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail;
import com.google.api.services.gmail.model.Message;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class GmailMessageDemoController {
@PostMapping("/message")
public JsonNode onViewMessage(@RequestBody JsonNode event)
throws Exception {
String messageId = event.at("/gmail/messageId").asText();
String messageToken = event.at("//gmail/accessToken").asText();
String accessToken = event.at("//authorizationEventObject/userOauthToken")
.asText();
Credential credential = new Credential(BearerToken.authorizationHeaderAccessMethod());
credential.setAccessToken(accessToken);
Gmail gmailClient = new Gmail.Builder(
GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport(),
JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
credential)
.setApplicationName("GSAO Demo")
.build();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders()
.set("X-Goog-Gmail-Access-Token", messageToken);
Message message = gmailClient.users().messages().get("me", messageId)
.setFormat("metadata")
.setRequestHeaders(headers)
.execute();
// Build and return response...
}
}
```
##### Node.js
```javascript
import express from "express";
import { Request, Response } from "express";
import { google } from "googleapis";
import asyncHandler from "express-async-handler";
import { OAuth2Client } from "google-auth-library";
const gmail = google.gmail({version: "v1"});
const app = express();
app.post("/", asyncHandler(async (req, res) => {
const currentMessageId = req.body.gmail.messageId;
const event = req.body;
const accessToken = event.authorizationEventObject.userOAuthToken;
const messageToken = event.gmail.accessToken;
const auth = new OAuth2Client();
auth.setCredentials({access_token: accessToken});
const gmailResponse = await gmail.users.messages.get({
id: currentMessageId,
userId: "me",
format: "metadata",
auth,
headers: { "X-Goog-Gmail-Access-Token": messageToken }
});
const message = gmailResponse.data;
const response = ...; // Build and return response
res.json(response);
}));
```
### Example: Get the user's email address
To access a user's email address:
1. Add the relevant scope to your add-on's deployment resource.
2. Get the client ID that was created to validate the JSON web token.
3. Use `authorizationEventObject.userIdToken` to extract the user ID and email.
#### Add the scope
To get access to a user's email address, add the OAuth scope
`https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email` to your
add-on's manifest:
```
{
"oauthScopes": [
"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email"
],
"addOns": {
"common": {...}
}
}
```
#### Get the client ID
To verify the user ID token and extract the user ID and email, you must use the
client ID that was created to validate the JSON web token.
To get the client ID, visit the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK in the
Google Cloud console:
1. Open the [Google Cloud console](https://console.cloud.google.com/) and select your
add-on's Google Cloud project.
2. Go to the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK's **HTTP Deployments** tab:
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
3. In the **Authorization Resource** section, go to the **OAuth Client ID**
field and copy the ID.
Alternatively, if you've installed the Google Cloud CLI, get the client ID by
running the following
[`get-authorization`](https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/workspace-add-ons/get-authorization)
command:
gcloud workspace-add-ons get-authorization
#### Extract the user ID and email
The following code sample gets the user ID and email address.
`CLIENT_ID_FOR_ADDON` is a placeholder for the client ID:
##### Java
```java
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdToken;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdTokenVerifier;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleTokenResponse;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.jackson2.JacksonFactory;
final static String CLIENT_ID = "CLIENT_ID_FOR_ADDON";
//...
GoogleIdToken.Payload decodeIdToken(JsonNode event) throws Exception {
String idToken = event.at("/authorizationEventObject/userIdToken").asText();
GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder builder = new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(
GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport(),
JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance());
builder.setAudience(Collections.singletonList(CLIENT_ID);
GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier = builder.build();
GoogleIdToken decodedToken = verifier.verify(idToken);
GoogleIdToken.Payload payload = decodedToken.getPayload();
return payload;
// E.g. payload.getEmail() for email, payload.getSubject() for user ID
}
```
##### Node.js
```javascript
const { OAuth2Client } = require('google-auth-library');
const CLIENT_ID = 'CLIENT_ID_FOR_ADDON';
// ...
async decodeIdToken(event) {
const oAuth2Client = new OAuth2Client();
const decodedToken = await oAuth2Client.verifyIdToken({
idToken: event.authorizationEventObject.userIdToken,
audience: CLIENT_ID
});
const payload = decodedToken.getPayload();
// E.g. payload.email for email, payload.sub for user ID
return payload;
}
```
### Example: Validate requests from Google
You need the service account email to verify the
`authorizationEventObject.systemIdToken`.
To get the service account email, visit the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK in the
Google Cloud console:
1. Open the [Google Cloud console](https://console.cloud.google.com/) and select your
add-on's Google Cloud project.
2. Go to the Google Workspace Marketplace SDK's **HTTP Deployments** tab:
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
3. In the **Authorization Resource** section, go to the **Service Account
Email** field and copy the email address.
The following code sample authenticates requests from Google with the
add-on's system service account.
`SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL` is a placeholder for the service
account email and `HTTP_ENDPOINT` is a placeholder for the
service URL of the add-on.
### Node.js
node/chat/secured-app/index.js [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/add-ons-samples/blob/main/node/chat/secured-app/index.js)
```javascript
/**
* Determine whether a Google Workspace add-on request is legitimate.
*
* @param {Object} req Request sent from Google Workspace add-on
* @return {boolean} Whether the request is legitimate
*/
async function verifyAddOnRequest(req) {
try {
const authorization = req.headers.authorization;
const idToken = authorization.substring('Bearer '.length, authorization.length);
const ticket = await new OAuth2Client().verifyIdToken({idToken, audience: HTTP_ENDPOINT});
return ticket.getPayload().email_verified
&& ticket.getPayload().email === SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL;
} catch (unused) {
return false;
}
}
```
### Python
python/chat/secured-app/main.py [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/add-ons-samples/blob/main/python/chat/secured-app/main.py)
```python
def verifyAddOnRequest() -> bool:
"""Determine whether a Google Workspace add-on request is legitimate.
Args:
request: Request sent from Google Workspace add-on
Returns:
Whether the request is legitimate
"""
try:
bearer = request.headers.get('Authorization')[len("Bearer "):]
token = id_token.verify_oauth2_token(bearer, requests.Request(), HTTP_ENDPOINT)
return token['email'] == SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL
except:
return False
```
### Java
java/chat/secured-app/src/main/java/com/google/chat/app/secured/App.java [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/add-ons-samples/blob/main/java/chat/secured-app/src/main/java/com/google/chat/app/secured/App.java)
```java
/**
* Determine whether a Google Workspace add-on request is legitimate.
*
* @param event Event sent from Google Workspace add-on
* @param authorization Authorization header from the request
* @return {boolean} Whether the request is legitimate
*/
private boolean verifyAddOnRequest(JsonNode event, String authorization) throws Exception {
JsonFactory factory = JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier =
new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(new ApacheHttpTransport(), factory)
.setAudience(Collections.singletonList(HTTP_ENDPOINT))
.build();
String bearer = authorization.substring("Bearer ".length(), authorization.length());
GoogleIdToken idToken = GoogleIdToken.parse(factory, bearer);
return idToken != null
&& verifier.verify(idToken)
&& idToken.getPayload().getEmailVerified()
&& idToken.getPayload().getEmail().equals(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_EMAIL);
}
```
## Test your add-on
To install and test your add-on from the
Google Cloud console, see the [Install an unpublished
add-on](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/alternate-runtimes#install-unpublished-add-on) section.
To test your add-on programmatically, view the [Google Workspace add-ons API reference
documentation](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/reference/rest/v1/projects.deployments/install).
You can also use [gcloud
commands](https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/workspace-add-ons/deployments/install).
### Install an unpublished add-on
To install your add-on for testing or personal use,
follow these steps:
1. In the add-on's Cloud project, go to the
Google Workspace Marketplace SDK's **HTTP Deployments** tab:
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
2. Next to the deployment you want to test, click **Install**.
### Uninstall an unpublished add-on
To uninstall an unpublished add-on, follow these steps:
1. In the add-on's Cloud project, go to the
Google Workspace Marketplace SDK's **HTTP Deployments** tab:
[Go to HTTP Deployments](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/appsmarket-component.googleapis.com/googleapps_sdk_gsao)
2. Next to the deployment you want to uninstall, click **Uninstall**.
## Sample JSON Schemas
You can incorporate the following schema samples into your development
environment. For example, see [Editing JSON with Visual Studio
Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/json).
### JSON Card Interfaces
#### Generic card
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"description": "The card object used to build UIs for Google Workspace add-ons.",
"definitions": {
"textParagraph": {
"$id": "/properties/textParagraph",
"type": "object",
"description": "Text paragraph widget.",
"required": [
"text"
],
"properties": {
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The text of the paragraph. Can contain formatted text."
}
}
},
"image": {
"$id": "/properties/image",
"type": "object",
"description": "Image widget.",
"required": [
"imageUrl"
],
"properties": {
"imageUrl": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Sets the image to use by providing its URL or data string."
},
"altText": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Sets the alternative text of the image for accessibility."
},
"onClick": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Sets an action that executes when the object is clicked.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/onClick"
}
}
},
"icon": {
"$id": "/properties/icon",
"type": "object",
"description": "The icon, can be specified by KnownIcon string or a URL.",
"oneOf": [
{
"properties": {
"knownIcon": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The icon specified by the string name of a list of known icons"
},
"iconUrl": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The icon specified by a URL."
}
}
}
],
"properties": {
"altText": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The description of icon which is used for accessibility."
}
}
},
"divider": {
"$id": "/properties/divider",
"type": "object",
"description": "A horizontal divider."
},
"button": {
"$id": "/properties/button",
"type": "object",
"description": "A button. Can be a text button or an image button.",
"required": ["onClick", "text"],
"properties": {
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The text of the button."
},
"icon": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The icon image",
"$ref": "#/definitions/icon"
},
"color": {
"type": "object",
"description": "If set, the button is filled with solid background.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/color"
},
"onClick": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The onClick action of the button.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/onClick"
},
"disabled": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If true, the button is displayed in a disabled state and doesn't respond to user actions"
}
}
},
"buttonList": {
"$id": "/properties/buttonList",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"buttons": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/button"
},
"description": "A list of buttons laid out horizontally"
}
}
},
"decoratedText": {
"$id": "/properties/decoratedText",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"text"
],
"properties": {
"button" : {
"type": "object",
"description": "A button that can be clicked to trigger an action",
"$ref": "#/definitions/button"
},
"switchControl": {
"type": "object",
"description": "A switch widget can be clicked to change its state or trigger an action.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/switchControl"
},
"startIcon": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The icon displayed in front of the text.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/icon"
},
"imageType": {
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"SQUARE",
"CIRCLE"
],
"description": "Define the cropping of the image."
},
"topLabel": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The formatted text label that shows above the main text."
},
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The main widget formatted text."
},
"wrapText": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "The wrap text setting. If true, the text is wrapped and displayed in multiline.\nOtherwise the text is truncated."
},
"bottomLabel": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The formatted text label that shows below the main text."
},
"onClick": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Only the top/bottom label + content region is clickable.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/onClick"
}
}
},
"switchControl": {
"$id": "/properties/switchControl",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The name of the switch widget which is used in formInput."
},
"value": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The value is what is passed back in the Apps Script callback."
},
"selected": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If the switch is selected."
},
"onChangeAction": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The action when the switch state is changed.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action"
},
"controlType": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The control type, it could be either Switch or Checkbox.",
"enum": [
"SWITCH",
"CHECK_BOX"
]
}
}
},
"onClick": {
"$id": "/properties/onClick",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"action": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action",
"description": "An action is triggered by this onClick, if specified."
},
"openLink": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/openLink",
"description": "This onClick triggers an open link action if specified."
},
"openDynamicLinkAction": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action",
"description": "An add-on triggers this action when the action needs to open a link.\nThis differs from the openLink above in that this needs to talk to server to get the link.\nThus some preparation work is required for web client to do before the open link action response comes back."
},
"card": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/card",
"description": "A new card is pushed to the card stack after clicking if specified."
}
}
},
"openLink": {
"$id": "/properties/openLink",
"description": "Opens a URL",
"required": ["url"],
"properties": {
"url": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The URL to open."
},
"openAs": {
"type": "string",
"description": "When an onClick opens a link, then the client can either open it as a \n full size (window if that is the frame used by the client), or an \n overlay (such as a pop-up). The implementation depends on the client\nplatform capabilities, and the value selected may be ignored if the\nclient does not support it. FULL_SIZE is supported by all clients.",
"enum": [
"FULL_SIZE",
"OVERLAY"
]
},
"onClose": {
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"NOTHING",
"RELOAD"
]
}
}
},
"textInput": {
"$id": "/properties/textInput",
"type": "object",
"description": "A text input is a UI item where the users can input text.",
"required": ["name"],
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The name of the text input which is used in formInput."
},
"label": {
"type": "string",
"description": "At least one of label and hintText is required to be specified."
},
"hintText": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The hint text."
},
"value": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The default value when no input from user."
},
"type": {
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"SINGLE_LINE",
"MULTIPLE_LINE"
],
"description": "The style of the text (for example, single line or multiple line)."
},
"onChangeAction": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The onChange action (for example, invoke an Apps Script)",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action"
},
"initialSuggestions": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The initial suggestions made before any user input",
"$ref": "#/definitions/suggestions"
},
"autoCompleteAction": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action",
"description": "The refresh function which returns suggestions based on the user's input text."
},
"multipleSuggestions": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "When set to true, a user can input multiple suggestions items."
}
}
},
"suggestions": {
"$id": "/properties/suggestions",
"description": "A container wrapping elements necessary for showing suggestion items used in text input autocomplete.",
"properties": {
"items": {
"type": "array",
"description": "A list of suggestion items which will be used in are used in autocomplete.",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/suggestionItem"
}
}
}
},
"suggestionItem": {
"$id": "/properties/suggestionItem",
"type": "object",
"description": "A Suggestion Item. Only supports text for now.",
"properties": {
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Text."
}
}
},
"selectionInput": {
"$id": "/properties/selectionInput",
"description": "A widget which creates a UI item (for example, a drop-down list) with options for users to select.",
"required": ["name"],
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"description": ""
},
"label": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The label displayed ahead of the switch control."
},
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The type of the selection.",
"enum": [
"CHECK_BOX",
"RADIO_BUTTON",
"SWITCH",
"DROPDOWN"
]
},
"items": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/selectionItem"
},
"description": "The item/items in the switch control."
},
"onChangeAction": {
"type": "object",
"description": "If specified, form is submitted when selection changes",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action"
}
}
},
"selectionItem": {
"type":"object",
"$id": "/properties/selectionItem",
"description": "The item in the switch control.",
"properties": {
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The text to be displayed"
},
"value": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The value associated with this item which is sent back to Apps Script.\nThe client should use this as a form input value."
},
"selected": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If more than one items are selected for RADIO_BUTTON or DROPDOWN,\nthe first selected item is treated as selected and the after ones are all ignored."
}
}
},
"dateTimePicker": {
"$id": "/properties/dateTimePicker",
"description": "The widget to allow users to specify date and time",
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The name of the text input which is used in formInput, and uniquely identifies this input."
},
"label": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The label for the field, which is displayed to the user."
},
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The type of the date time picker.",
"enum": [
"DATE_AND_TIME",
"DATE_ONLY",
"TIME_ONLY"
]
},
"valueMsEpoch": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The value to display which can be the default value before user input or previous user input.\nIt is represented in milliseconds (Epoch time)"
},
"timezoneOffsetDate": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The number representing the time-zone offset from UTC, in minutes."
},
"onChangeAction": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Triggered when the user clicks on the Save, or Clear button from the date time picker dialog.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action"
}
}
},
"borderStyle": {
"$id": "/properties/borderStyle",
"type": "object",
"description": "A border style.",
"required": ["type"],
"properties": {
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The border type.",
"enum": [
"NO_BORDER",
"STROKE"
]
},
"strokeColor": {
"description": "The border color.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/color"
},
"cornerRadius": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The border corner radius."
}
}
},
"imageCropStyle": {
"$id": "/properties/imageCropStyle",
"type": "object",
"description": "A crop style that can be applied to images.",
"required": ["type"],
"properties": {
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The crop type.",
"enum": [
"SQUARE",
"CIRCLE",
"RECTANGLE_CUSTOM",
"RECTANGLE_4_3"
]
},
"aspectRatio": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The aspect ratio for a custom rectangular crop."
}
}
},
"imageComponent": {
"$id": "/properties/imageComponent",
"type": "object",
"description": "An image and its properties.",
"required": ["imageUri"],
"properties": {
"imageUri": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The URL for the image resource."
},
"altText": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The accessibility label for the image."
},
"cropStyle": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/imageCropStyle",
"description": "The crop style to apply to the image."
},
"borderStyle": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/borderStyle",
"description": "The border style to apply to the image."
}
}
},
"grid": {
"$id": "/properties/grid",
"type": "object",
"description": "A grid that displays a collection of grid items.",
"required": [],
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the grid."
},
"items": {
"description": "List of grid items.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/griditem"
}
},
"borderStyle": {
"description": "The border style for the grid items.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/borderStyle"
},
"columnCount": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The number of columns in the grid."
},
"onClick": {
"description": "The action that executes when a grid item is clicked.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/onClick"
}
}
},
"griditem": {
"$id": "/properties/griditem",
"type": "object",
"description": "An item that can be displayed in a grid widget.",
"required": [],
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "An identifier for the grid item."
},
"image": {
"description": "The image to display in the grid item.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/imageComponent"
},
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the grid item."
},
"subtitle": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The subtitle of the grid item."
},
"textAlignment": {
"description": "The text alignment for the grid item's text.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/horizontalAlignment"
},
"layout": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The grid item layout.",
"enum": [
"TEXT_BELOW",
"TEXT_ABOVE"
]
}
}
},
"horizontalAlignment": {
"$id": "/properties/horizontalAlignment",
"type": "string",
"description": "Horizontal alignment options.",
"enum": [
"START",
"CENTER",
"END"
]
},
"widget": {
"$id": "/properties/widget",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"textParagraph": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a text paragraph in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/textParagraph"
},
"image": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display an image in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/image"
},
"decoratedText": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a decorated text item in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/decoratedText"
},
"buttonList": {
"type": "object",
"description": "A List of buttons",
"$ref": "#/definitions/buttonList"
},
"textInput": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a text input in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/textInput"
},
"selectionInput": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a switch control in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/selectionInput"
},
"dateTimePicker": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a date/time picker in this widget",
"$ref": "#/definitions/dateTimePicker"
},
"horizontalAlignment": {
"description": "The horizontal alignment of this widget.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/horizontalAlignment"
},
"divider": {
"description": "Inserts a divider.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/divider"
},
"grid": {
"description": "Display a grid control in this widget.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/grid"
}
}
},
"section": {
"$id": "/properties/section",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"widgets"
],
"properties": {
"header": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The text header of a section"
},
"collapsible": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Whether section can be collapsed or not."
},
"widgets": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/widget"
},
"description": "The widgets within a section. Example of a widget is TextParagraph or Image."
},
"uncollapsibleWidgetsCount": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The number of uncollapsable widgets"
}
}
},
"color": {
"$id": "/properties/color",
"type": "object",
"description": "Represents a color in the RGBA color space.",
"required": [
"red",
"green",
"blue"
],
"properties": {
"red": {
"type": "number",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 1,
"description": "The amount of red in the color as a value in the interval [0, 1]"
},
"green": {
"type": "number",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 1,
"description": "The amount of green in the color as a value in the interval [0, 1]"
},
"blue": {
"type": "number",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 1,
"description": "The amount of blue in the color as a value in the interval [0, 1]"
},
"alpha": {
"type": "number",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 1,
"description": "The alpha value of the color as a value in the interval [0, 1]. 1 is sloid color and 0 is transparent"
}
}
},
"cardHeader": {
"$id": "/properties/cardHeader",
"type": "object",
"description": "Optional header in the card.",
"required": [
"title"
],
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Required title in the header."
},
"subtitle": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Optional - renders beneath the title. If not specified, title will take up both lines."
},
"imageUrl": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Optional - renders an image on the right of the title."
},
"imageType": {
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"SQUARE",
"CIRCLE"
],
"description": "Define the cropping of the image in the header."
},
"imageAltText": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The Alternative text of this image"
}
}
},
"cardAction": {
"$id": "/properties/cardAction",
"description": "A Card action is the action associated with the card.",
"properties": {
"actionLabel": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The label used to be displayed in the action menu item."
},
"onClick": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The onClick action for this action item.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/onClick"
}
}
},
"cardFixedFooter": {
"$id": "/properties/cardFixedFooter",
"description": "A persistent (sticky) footer that is added to the bottom of the card.",
"properties": {
"primaryButton": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The Primary button of the fixed footer.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/button"
},
"secondaryButton": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The Secondary button of the fixed footer.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/button"
}
}
},
"card": {
"$id": "/properties/card",
"type": "object",
"required": [
"sections"
],
"properties": {
"header": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The Header of the card.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/cardHeader"
},
"sections": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/section"
},
"description": "A card consist of 1 or more sections. Widgets are defined within a section."
},
"cardActions": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The actions of this card.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/cardAction"
},
"name": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Name of the card which is used as an identifier for the card in the card navigation."
},
"fixedFooter": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The fixed footer that is shown at the bottom of this card.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/cardFixedFooter"
},
"displayStyle": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The Display Style for the peekCardHeader.",
"enum": [
"DISPLAY_STYLE_UNSPECIFIED",
"PEEK",
"REPLACE"
]
},
"peekCardHeader": {
"type": "object",
"description": "When displaying contextual content, the peek card header acts as a placeholder so that the user can\nnavigate forward between the homepage cards and the contextual cards.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/cardHeader"
}
}
},
"action": {
"$id": "/properties/action",
"type": "object",
"description": "An action that describes the behavior when a form is submitted - triggered from an onclick event on an input widget (e.g. button).",
"required": [
"function"
],
"properties": {
"function": {
"description": "The apps script callback function or the HTTPS endpoint if using HTTP deployments.",
"type": "string"
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/card"
}
```
#### Expense app
```
{
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"header": "Budget Performance",
"widgets": [
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Current Quarter
Budget $18,000 (Ends in 5 days)
Spent: $410.75
",
"wrapText": true
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Top Expense Category"
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Flights · 30%",
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl" : "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_flight_grey_64.png"
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Hotels · 50%",
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl" : "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png"
}
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Expense Awaiting Your Approval",
"widgets": [
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Submitted by Pam Bee",
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl" : "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcQDQGRxqHJ2XZenPL496tC1EkP2b8wtvENQ4QIClnde2Hq1C7u3"
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Team Lunch (Internal)
Cost: $85.00 USD
Date: 10/16/2019
Expense no. #7453"
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Approve",
"color": {
"red": 0,
"green": 0.4784,
"blue": 0.353
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/approve"
}
}
},
{
"text": "Decline",
"color": {
"red": 1,
"green": 0.07843,
"blue": 0.07843
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/decline"
}
}
},
{
"text": "View Details",
"color": {
"red": 0.650,
"green": 0.650,
"blue": 0.650
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/view"
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
"widgets": [
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Submitted by Dwight Smith",
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl" : "https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcQDQGRxqHJ2XZenPL496tC1EkP2b8wtvENQ4QIClnde2Hq1C7u3"
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"text": "Flight to New York
Cost: 530.00 USD
Date: 11/21/2019
Expense no. #9866"
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Approve",
"color": {
"red": 0,
"green": 0.4784,
"blue": 0.353
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/approve"
}
}
},
{
"text": "Decline",
"color": {
"red": 1,
"green": 0.07843,
"blue": 0.07843
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/decline"
}
}
},
{
"text": "View Details",
"color": {
"red": 0.650,
"green": 0.650,
"blue": 0.650
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/view"
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
```
#### Form submit
```
/**
* A sample Google Workspace add-on with a form submit with a happy/sad button.
*/
exports.homepage = (req, res) => {
console.log("event: ", req.body);
console.log("headers: ",JSON.stringify(req.headers));
let parameters = req.body.commonEventObject.parameters;
if (parameters) {
let happy = parameters.happy;
if (happy == '1') {
res.status(200).send(createHappyCard());
} else {
res.status(200).send(createSadCard());
}
} else {
res.status(200).send(createQuestionCard());
}
};
function createSadCard() {
return {
"renderActions": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/08/15/12/58/emoticon-2643814_960_720.jpg"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
};
}
function createHappyCard() {
return {
"renderActions": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://dg.imgix.net/do-you-think-you-re-happy-jgdbfiey-en/landscape/do-you-think-you-re-happy-jgdbfiey-9bb0198eeccd0a3c3c13aed064e2e2b3.jpg"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
};
}
function createQuestionCard() {
return {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "Are you having a good day today?"
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Happy",
"color": {
"red": 0,
"green": 0.4784,
"blue": 0.353
},
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://us-central1-elevated-surge-267316.cloudfunctions.net/HttpGSAO",
"parameters": [
{
"key": "happy",
"value": "1"
}
]
}
}
},
{
"text": "Sad",
"color": {
"red": 1,
"green": 0.07843,
"blue": 0.07843
},
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://us-central1-elevated-surge-267316.cloudfunctions.net/HttpGSAO",
"parameters": [
{
"key": "happy",
"value": "0"
}
]
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
};
}
```
#### Approval
```
{
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "You have a new request:"
}
},
{
"textParagraph": {
"text":
"John Dolittle - New Device Request"
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Type:",
"text": "Computer (laptop)"
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "When:",
"text": "Submitted Aug 10"
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Reason:",
"text": "Keyboard is not working"
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Specs:",
"text": "Cheetah Pro 15"
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Approve",
"color": {
"red": 0,
"green": 0.4784,
"blue": 0.353
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/approve"
}
}
},
{
"text": "Deny",
"color": {
"red": 1,
"green": 0.07843,
"blue": 0.07843
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.domain.com/deny"
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
```
#### Contacts list
```
/**
* A sample Google Workspace add-on that creates a top level card with a list of
* contacts. Clicking on a contact will navigate (client side) to a full contact
* card.
*/
exports.homepage = (req, res) => {
res.status(200).send(createListCard());
};
function createContactCard(name, title, email, phone, location) {
return {
"header": {
"imageType": "CIRCLE",
"imageUrl": "https://ssl.gstatic.com/images/branding/product/1x/avatar_square_blue_512dp.png",
"title": name,
"subtitle": title
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Email:",
"text": email
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Phone Number:",
"text": phone
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Location:",
"text": location
}
}
]
}
]
};
}
function createContactListEntry(name, title, email, phone, location) {
return {
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": title,
"text": name,
"onClick": {
"card": createContactCard(name, title, email, phone, location)
},
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl": "https://ssl.gstatic.com/images/branding/product/1x/avatar_square_blue_512dp.png"
}
}
};
}
function createListCard() {
var LIST1 = createContactListEntry("John Dolittle", "President", "john@gmail.com", "800-555-0100", "Markham, ON");
var LIST2 = createContactListEntry("Huckleberry Finn", "CFO", "huck@gmail.com", "800-555-0111", "Kingston, ON");
var LIST3 = createContactListEntry("Grace Harlowe", "Senior Director", "grace@gmail.com", "800-555-0122", "Toronto, ON");
return {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
LIST1,
LIST2,
LIST3
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
};
}
```
#### Third-party authorization
To learn about third-party authorization, see [Connect your Google Workspace add-on to a third-party service](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/connect-third-party-service).
```
{
"custom_authorization_prompt": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://www.example.com/images/logo",
"altText": "Example organization logo"
}
},
{
"divider": {}
},
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "Sign in to get started."
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Sign in",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.example.com/auth",
"onClose": "RELOAD",
"openAs": "OVERLAY"
}
},
"color": {
"red": 0,
"green": 0,
"blue": 1,
"alpha": 1,
}
}
]
}
},
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "If you don't have an account, sign up here."
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
}
```
### JSON Widgets
#### Generic widgets
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/renderActionSchema.json",
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"header": {
"title": "Main Card"
},
"name": "Main Card",
"peekCardHeader": {
"title": "This is a peek card",
"imageType": "SQUARE",
"imageUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"imageAltText": "Image of Cards",
"subtitle": "No Subtitle"
},
"cardActions": [
{
"actionLabel": "This is Card action - 1",
"onClick": {
"openDynamicLinkAction": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/openLinkCallback"
}
}
},
{
"actionLabel": "This is Card action - 2",
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/generic_submit_form_response"
}
}
},
{
"actionLabel": "This is Card action - 3",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"onClose": "RELOAD",
"openAs": "OVERLAY",
"url": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/open_link_sample"
}
}
},
{
"actionLabel": "This is Card action - 4",
"onClick": {
"card": {
"header": {
"title": "This card is shown after card action 4 is clicked"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "This is a sample text for the card that's shown after action 4 of the card is clicked"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
}
],
"fixedFooter": {
"primaryButton": {
"text": "Primary Button",
"color": {
"red": 0,
"blue": 0,
"green": 0
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "www.google.ca",
"onClose": "NOTHING",
"openAs": "FULL_SIZE"
}
}
},
"secondaryButton": {
"text": "Secondary Button - Disabled",
"disabled": true,
"color": {
"red": 0.32421,
"blue": 0.23421,
"green": 0.2353614
},
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "www.google.com",
"onClose": "NOTHING",
"openAs": "FULL_SIZE"
}
}
}
},
"sections": [
{
"header": "Section 1 - Date Time",
"collapsible": true,
"widgets": [
{
"dateTimePicker": {
"name": "Date Time Picker - EST",
"label": "Date Time Picker - EST",
"valueMsEpoch": 1585166673000,
"onChangeAction": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/sample_notification"
},
"timezoneOffsetDate": -240,
"type": "DATE_AND_TIME"
}
},
{
"dateTimePicker": {
"name": "Date Picker - CST",
"label": "Date Time Picker - CST",
"valueMsEpoch": 1585166673000,
"onChangeAction": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/sample_notification"
},
"timezoneOffsetDate": -300,
"type": "DATE_AND_TIME"
}
},
{
"dateTimePicker": {
"name": "Date Time Picker - PST",
"label": "Date Time Picker - PST",
"valueMsEpoch": 1585166673000,
"onChangeAction": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/sample_notification"
},
"timezoneOffsetDate": -420,
"type": "DATE_AND_TIME"
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Section 2 - Decorated Text",
"collapsible": true,
"uncollapsibleWidgetsCount": 2,
"widgets": [
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text CHECK_BOX",
"switchControl": {
"controlType": "CHECK_BOX",
"name": "Name - Check Box Sample",
"value": "Value - Check Box Sample"
},
"text": "Text - Decorated Text",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text CHECK_BOX",
"wrapText": false,
"onClick": {
"card": {
"header": {
"title": "Decorated Text - On Click Action Card"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://cataas.com/cat/says/hello%20world!",
"altText": "Hello World - Cat Image"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text SWITCH",
"switchControl": {
"controlType": "SWITCH",
"name": "Name - SWITCH Sample",
"value": "Value - SWITCH Sample"
},
"text": "Text - Decorated Text",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text SWITCH",
"wrapText": false,
"onClick": {
"card": {
"header": {
"title": "Decorated Text - On Click Action Card"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://cataas.com/cat/says/hello%20world!",
"altText": "Hello World - Cat Image",
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/pop_to_root"
}
}
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text Button",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text Button",
"text": "Text - Decorated Text Button",
"button": {
"icon": {
"altText": "Assessment Blue",
"iconUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png"
},
"text": "Assessment Blue",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"openAs": "OVERLAY",
"onClose": "RELOAD"
}
}
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text CHECK_BOX",
"switchControl": {
"controlType": "CHECK_BOX",
"name": "Name - Check Box Sample",
"value": "Value - Check Box Sample"
},
"text": "Text - Decorated Text",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text CHECK_BOX",
"wrapText": false,
"onClick": {
"card": {
"header": {
"title": "Decorated Text - On Click Action Card"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://cataas.com/cat/says/hello%20world!",
"altText": "Hello World - Cat Image"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text Icon",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text Icon",
"text": "Text - Decorated Text Icon",
"startIcon": {
"iconUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"altText": "Arrow Right Blue"
}
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text Wrap",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text Wrap",
"text": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nam fringilla facilisis ne.",
"wrapText": true
}
},
{
"decoratedText": {
"topLabel": "Top Label - Decorated Text Non-Wrap",
"bottomLabel": "Bottom Label - Decorated Text Non-Wrap",
"text": "Nunc ultrices massa ut nisl porttitor, ut euismod nisl tincidunt. Vivamus pharetra, est sed sagittis consequat, arcu nisi.",
"wrapText": false
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Section 3 - Button List",
"collapsible": true,
"widgets": [
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"icon": {
"iconUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"altText": "G - Button"
},
"color": {
"red": 0,
"blue": 0,
"green": 1
},
"disabled": false,
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "www.google.ca/"
}
},
"text": "Green - Google.ca"
},
{
"color": {
"red": 1,
"blue": 0,
"green": 0
},
"disabled": false,
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/pop_to_card_2"
}
},
"text": "Pop to Card 2"
},
{
"color": {
"red": 0,
"blue": 1,
"green": 0
},
"disabled": false,
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "www.google.ca/"
}
},
"text": "Blue - Google"
},
{
"color": {
"red": 1,
"blue": 1,
"green": 1
},
"disabled": true,
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "www.google.ca/"
}
},
"text": "Disabled Button"
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Section 4 - Images",
"collapsible": true,
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"openAs": "FULL_SIZE",
"onClose": "NOTHING"
}
}
}
},
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"altText": "Commute - Black",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "http://ssl.gstatic.com/travel-trips-fe/icon_hotel_grey_64.png",
"openAs": "FULL_SIZE",
"onClose": "RELOAD"
}
}
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Section 5 - Text Paragraph",
"collapsible": true,
"widgets": [
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nam fringilla facilisis neque, condimentum egestas dolor dapibus id."
}
}
]
},
{
"header": "Section 6 - Selection Input",
"collapsible": true,
"widgets": [
{
"selectionInput": {
"name": "Selection Input Check box",
"label": "Selection Input Check box",
"type": "CHECK_BOX",
"items": [
{
"text": "Selection Input item 1 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 1 Value"
},
{
"text": "Selection Input item 2 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 2 Value"
}
]
}
},
{
"selectionInput": {
"name": "Selection Input Dropdown",
"label": "Selection Input Dropdown",
"type": "DROPDOWN",
"items": [
{
"text": "Selection Input item 1 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 1 Value"
},
{
"text": "Selection Input item 2 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 2 Value"
}
]
}
},
{
"selectionInput": {
"name": "Selection Input Radio",
"label": "Selection Input Radio",
"type": "RADIO_BUTTON",
"items": [
{
"text": "Selection Input item 1 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 1 Value"
},
{
"text": "Selection Input item 2 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 2 Value"
}
]
}
},
{
"selectionInput": {
"name": "Selection Input Switch",
"label": "Selection Input Switch",
"type": "SWITCH",
"items": [
{
"text": "Selection Input item 1 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 1 Value"
},
{
"text": "Selection Input item 2 Text",
"value": "Selection Input item 2 Value"
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
```
#### Show a notification
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/submit_form_response_schema.json",
"renderActions": {
"action": {
"notification": {
"text": "This is a sample notification"
}
}
}
}
```
#### Pop to the root card
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/submit_form_response_schema.json",
"renderActions": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"popToRoot": true
}
]
}
}
}
```
#### Pop to a specific card
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/submit_form_response_schema.json",
"render_actions": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"popToCard": "card_2"
}
]
}
}
}
```
#### Update text when a link is opened
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/render_action_schema.json",
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"header": {
"title": "Open Link Test Case - HTTP"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"textParagraph": {
"text": "Verify a link is opened in a new tab. When returned to Gmail, the bolded text should say AFTER.
\nText BEFORE opening the link."
}
},
{
"buttonList": {
"buttons": [
{
"text": "Open tab, close, refresh",
"onClick": {
"openLink": {
"url": "https://www.google.ca/",
"onClose": "RELOAD",
"openAs": "OVERLAY"
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
```
#### Response to form submit
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/submit_form_response_schema.json",
"stateChanged": true,
"renderActions": {
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"peekCardHeader": {
"title": "Peek Card"
},
"header": {
"title": "Generic Submit Form Response Card"
},
"sections": [
{
"widgets": [
{
"image": {
"imageUrl": "https://cataas.com/cat"
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
}
```
#### Grid
```
{
"$schema": "/Users/dummy_user/Documents/JSON_schema/render_action_schema.json",
"action": {
"navigations": [
{
"pushCard": {
"header": {
"title": "Main Card"
},
"sections": [
{
"header": "Grid Widget",
"widgets": [
{
"grid": {
"title": "A fine collection of cats",
"borderStyle": {
"type": "STROKE",
"cornerRadius": 5.0
},
"columnCount": 2,
"items": [
{
"id": "itemA",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.001",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "First cat"
},
{
"id": "itemB",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.002",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "Second cat",
"subtitle": "Top rated"
},
{
"id": "itemC",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.003",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "Third cat"
},
{
"id": "itemD",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.004",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "Fourth cat",
},
{
"id": "itemE",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.005",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "Fifth cat",
"subtitle": "Top rated"
},
{
"id": "itemF",
"image": {
"imageUri": "https://cataas.com/cat?0.006",
"cropStyle": {
"type": "CIRCLE"
}
},
"title": "Sixth cat"
}
],
"onClick": {
"action": {
"function": "https://dummy-function-from-resources.net/grid_item_clicked",
"parameters": [
{
"key": "datasource",
"value": "Favorite cat pics"
}
]
}
}
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
```
### JSON Event Objects
#### Common (Gmail, Calendar, Drive, and Editors)
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type":"object",
"definitions": {
"eventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/eventObject",
"type":"object",
"description": "Event objects are JSON structures that are automatically constructed and passed as parameters to trigger or callback functions when a user interacts with an add-on (https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/event-objects)",
"properties": {
"commonEventObject": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/commonEventObject"
},
"authorizationEventObject": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/authorizationEventObject",
"description": "Set for requests to HTTP endpoints"
},
"gmail": {
"$ref": "./gmail_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/gmailEventObject",
"description": "An object containing Gmail information."
},
"drive": {
"$ref": "./drive_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/driveEventObject",
"description": "An object containing Drive information."
},
"docs": {
"$ref": "./docs_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/docsEventObject",
"description": "An object containing Docs information."
},
"sheets": {
"$ref": "./sheets_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/sheetsEventObject",
"description": "An object containing Sheets information."
},
"slides": {
"$ref": "./slides_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/slidesEventObject",
"description": "An object containing Slides information."
},
"calendar": {
"$ref": "./calendar_event_object_schema.json#/definitions/calendarEventObject",
"description": "An object containing calendar and event information."
}
}
},
"commonEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/commonEventObject",
"type":"object",
"description": "An object containing information common to all event objects, regardless of the host application.",
"properties": {
"userLocale": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The user's language and country/region identifier in the format of ISO 639 language code-ISO 3166 country/region code. For example, en-US."
},
"hostApp": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Indicates the host app the add-on is active in when the event object is generated. Possible values include the following:\nGMAIL\nCALENDAR\nDRIVE",
"enum": ["GMAIL", "DRIVE", "CALENDAR"]
},
"platform": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Indicates where the event originates (`WEB`, `IOS`, or `ANDROID`)",
"enum": ["WEB", "ANDRIOD", "IOS"]
},
"timeZone": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/timeZone",
"description": "The timezone ID and offset. To enable this field, you must set `addOns.common.useLocaleFromApp` to `true` in your add-on's manifest. Your add-on's scope list must also include `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.locale`\n See https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/how-tos/access-user-locale for more details"
},
"formInputs": {
"type": "object",
"description": "A map containing the current values of the widgets in the displayed card. The map keys are the string IDs assigned with each widget, and each value is another wrapper object with a single \"\" key.",
"additionalProperties": {
"type":"object",
"properties": {
"stringInputs": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/stringInputs"
},
"dateTimeInput": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/dateTimeInput"
},
"dateInput": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/dateInput"
},
"timeInput": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/timeInput"
}
}
}
},
"parameters": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Any additional parameters.",
"additionalProperties": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
},
"authorizationEventObject": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"userOAuthToken": {
"description": "The end user OAuth access token, authorized with the requested scopes",
"type": "string"
},
"userIdToken": {
"type": "string",
"description": "An end-user ID token, if appropriate ID scopes are requested"
},
"systemIdToken": {
"type": "string",
"description": "An ID token for the Google Workspace add-ons service account for this deployment"
}
}
},
"timeZone": {
"$id": "/properties/timeZone",
"type":"object",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The timezone identifier of the user's timezone. Examples include: America/New_York, Europe/Vienna, and Asia/Seoul. To enable this field, you must set `addOns.common.useLocaleFromApp` to `true` in your add-on's manifest. Your add-on's scope list must also include `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.locale`. See https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/how-tos/access-user-locale for more details"
},
"offset": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The time offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) of the user's timezone, measured in milliseconds. See https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/how-tos/access-user-locale for more details",
"minimum": -2147483648,
"maximum": 2147483647
}
}
},
"stringInputs": {
"$id": "/properties/stringInputs",
"type":"object",
"description": "Input parameter for regular widgets.\nFor single-valued widgets, it will be a single value list; for\nmulti-valued widgets, such as checkbox, all the values are presented.",
"properties": {
"value": {
"type":"array",
"items": {
"type":"string"
}
}
}
},
"dateTimeInput": {
"$id": "/properties/dateTimeInput",
"type": "object",
"description": "Input Parameter for Date and Time Picker widget.",
"properties": {
"msSinceEpoch": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The time selected by the user, in milliseconds since epoch (00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970).",
"minimum": -9223372036854775808,
"maximum": 9223372036854775807
},
"hasDate": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the input date time includes a date; if false only a time is included."
},
"hasTime": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the input date time includes a time; if false only a date is included."
}
}
},
"dateInput": {
"$id": "/properties/dateInput",
"type": "object",
"description": "Input Parameter for Date Picker widget.",
"properties": {
"msSinceEpoch": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The time selected by the user, in milliseconds since epoch (00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970).",
"minimum": -9223372036854775808,
"maximum": 9223372036854775807
}
}
},
"timeInput": {
"description": "Input Parameter for Time Picker widget.",
"$id": "/properties/timeInput",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"hours": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The hour number selected by the user.",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 23
},
"minutes": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The minute number selected by the user.",
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 59
}
}
}
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/eventObject"
}
```
#### Gmail
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"gmailEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/gmailEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Gmail event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's Gmail messages. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Gmail.",
"properties": {
"messageId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the currently open Gmail message."
},
"threadId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The currently open Gmail thread ID."
},
"accessToken": {
"description": "The Gmail-specific access token. You can use this token with the \"X-Goog-Gmail-Access-Token\" HTTP header to grant your add-on temporary access to a user's currently open Gmail message or let your add-on compose new drafts.",
"type": "string"
},
"toRecipients": {
"type":"array",
"description": "The list of \"To:\" recipient email addresses currently included in a draft the add-on is composing",
"items": {
"type":"string"
}
},
"ccRecipients": {
"type":"array",
"description": "The list of \"CC:\" recipient email addresses currently included in a draft the add-on is composing",
"items": {
"type":"string"
}
},
"bccRecipients": {
"type":"array",
"description": "The list of \"BCC:\" recipient email addresses currently included in a draft the add-on is composing",
"items": {
"type":"string"
}
}
}
}
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/gmailEventObject"
}
```
#### Calendar
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"calendarEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/calendarEventObject",
"description": "The Calendar event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's calendar and calendar events. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Google Calendar.",
"type":"object",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The event ID."
},
"recurringEventId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of a recurring event."
},
"calendarId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The calendar ID."
},
"organizer": {
"type": "object",
"description": "An object representing the organizer of the event.",
"properties": {
"email": {
"description": "The event organizer's email address.",
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"attendees": {
"type": "array",
"description": "A list of the attendees of the calendar event.",
"items": {
"$ref": "#definitions/attendee"
}
},
"conferenceData": {
"type": "object",
"description": "An object representing any conference data associated with this event, such as Google Meet conference details.",
"$ref": "#definitions/conferenceData"
},
"capabilities": {
"type": "object",
"description": "An object describing the capabilities of the add-on to view or update event information.",
"properties": {
"canSeeAttendees": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the add-on can read the event attendee list; false otherwise."
},
"canAddAttendees": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the add-on can add new attendees to the event attendee list; false otherwise."
},
"canSeeConferenceData": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the add-on can read the event conference data; false otherwise."
},
"canSetConferenceData": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the add-on can update the event conference data; false otherwise."
}
}
}
}
},
"attendee": {
"type": "object",
"$id": "/properties/attendee",
"properties": {
"email": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The attendee email address."
},
"optional": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the attendance for this attendee is marked as optional; false otherwise."
},
"displayName": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The attendee displayed name."
},
"organizer": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the attendee is an organizer for this event."
},
"self": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if this attendee represents the calendar in which this event appears; false otherwise."
},
"resource": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "true if the attendee represents a resource, such as room or piece of equipment; false otherwise."
},
"responseStatus": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The attendee's response status. Possible values include the following:\naccepted: The attendee has accepted the event invitation.\ndeclined: The attendee has declined the event invitation.\nneedsAction: The attendee has not responded to the event invitation.\ntentative: The attendee has tentatively accepted the event invitation."
},
"comment": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The attendee's response comment, if any."
},
"additionalGuests": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The number of additional guests the attendee had indicated they are bringing. Defaults to zero.",
"default": 0,
"minimum": 0,
"maximum": 2147483647
}
}
},
"conferenceData": {
"$id": "/properties/conferenceData",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"conferenceId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the conference. This ID is meant to allow applications to keep track of conferences; you shouldn't display this ID to users."
},
"conferenceSolution": {
"type": "object",
"description": "An object representing the conference solution, such as Hangouts or Google Meet.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/conferenceSolution"
},
"entryPoints": {
"type": "array",
"description": "The list of conference entry points, such as URLs or phone numbers.",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/entryPoint"
}
},
"notes": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Additional notes (such as instructions from the domain administrator or legal notices) about the conference to display to the user. Can contain HTML. The maximum length is 2048 characters."
},
"parameters": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/parameters",
"description": "An object containing a map of defined parameter data for use by the add-on."
}
}
},
"conferenceSolution": {
"type": "object",
"description": "An object representing the conference solution, such as Hangouts or Google Meet.",
"$id": "/properties/conferenceSolution",
"properties": {
"iconUri": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The URI for the user-visible icon representing this conference solution."
},
"key": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The key which uniquely identifies the conference solution for this event.",
"properties": {
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The conference solution type. Possible values include the following:\neventHangout for Hangouts for consumers (http://hangouts.google.com).\neventNamedHangout for classic Hangouts for Google Workspace users (http://hangouts.google.com).\nhangoutsMeet for Google Meet (http://meet.google.com)."
}
}
},
"name": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The user-visible name of this conference solution (not localized)."
}
}
},
"entryPoint": {
"$id": "/properties/entryPoint",
"description": "Entry point objects carry information about the established means of accessing a given conference, such as by phone or video. This information is present in the event object if and only if the data is present in the Calendar event and the add-on sets its addOns.calendar.currentEventAccess manifest (https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/concepts/manifests#calendar_fields) field to READ or READ_WRITE.",
"properties": {
"accessCode": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The access code used to access the conference. The maximum length is 128 characters. Conference providers typically only use a subset of {accessCode, meetingCode, passcode, password, pin} to provide access to conferences. Match and only ever display the fields the conference provider uses."
},
"entryPointFeatures": {
"type":"array",
"description": "Features of the entry point. Currently these features only apply to phone entry points:\ntoll: The entry point is a toll phone call.\ntoll_free: The entry point is a toll-free phone call.",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
},
"entryPointType": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The type of entry point. Possible values are the following:\nmore: Additional conference joining instructions, such as alternate phone numbers. A conference can only have one more entry point; if present at least one other type of entry point is also required.\nphone: Join the conference via a phone number. A conference can have zero or more phone entry points. Google Calendar only displays the first two phone entry points, after formatting and sorting alphabetically.\nsip: Join the conference over SIP. A conference can have at most one sip entry point.\nvideo: Join the conference over HTTP. A conference can have at most one video entry point."
},
"label": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The user-visible label for the entry point URI (not localized)."
},
"meetingCode": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The meeting code used to access the conference. The maximum length is 128 characters. Conference providers typically only use a subset of {accessCode, meetingCode, passcode, password, pin} to provide access to conferences. Match and only ever display the fields the conference provider uses."
},
"passcode": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The passcode used to access the conference. The maximum length is 128 characters. Conference providers typically only use a subset of {accessCode, meetingCode, passcode, password, pin} to provide access to conferences. Match and only ever display the fields the conference provider uses."
},
"password": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The password used to access the conference. The maximum length is 128 characters. Conference providers typically only use a subset of {accessCode, meetingCode, passcode, password, pin} to provide access to conferences. Match and only ever display the fields the conference provider uses."
},
"pin": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The PIN used to access the conference. The maximum length is 128 characters. Conference providers typically only use a subset of {accessCode, meetingCode, passcode, password, pin} to provide access to conferences. Match and only ever display the fields the conference provider uses."
},
"regionCode": {
"type":"string",
"description": "Region code of the phone number. Needed by users if the URI doesn't include a country code. Values are based on the public CLDR list of region codes (http://cldr.unicode.org/translation/country-names)."
},
"uri": {
"type":"string",
"description": "The URI of the entry point. The maximum length is 1300 characters. The formatting depends on the entry point type:\nmore: A http: or https: schema is required.\nphone: A tel: schema is required. The URI should include the entire dial sequence (for example, \"tel:+12345678900,,,12345678;1234\").\nsip: A sip: or sips: schema is required. For example \"sip:12345678@myprovider.com\".\nvideo: A http: or https: schema is required."
}
}
},
"parameters": {
"$id": "/properties/parameters",
"description": "An object containing a map of defined parameter data for use by the add-on.",
"properties": {
"addOnParameters": {
"description": "A map of parameter string keys and values. These keys and values are defined by the add-on developer to attach information to a specific conference for the add-on's use.",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/addOnParameters"
}
}
},
"addOnParameters": {
"$id": "/properties/addOnParameters",
"description": "A map of parameter string keys and values. These keys and values are defined by the add-on developer to attach information to a specific conference for the add-on's use.",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"parameters": {
"type": "object",
"additionalProperties": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/calendarEventObject"
}
```
#### Drive
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"driveEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/driveEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Drive event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's Google Drive and its contents. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Google Drive.",
"properties": {
"activeCursorItem": {
"type": "object",
"description": "The Drive item currently active.",
"$ref": "#definitions/driveItemMetaData"
},
"selectedItems": {
"type":"array",
"description": "A list of items (files or folders) selected in Drive.",
"items": {
"$ref": "#definitions/driveItemMetaData"
}
}
}
},
"driveItemMetaData": {
"$id": "/properties/driveItemMetaData",
"type":"object",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the selected item."
},
"iconUrl": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The URL of the icon that represents the selected item."
},
"mimeType": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The MIME type of the selected item."
},
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the selected item."
},
"addonHasFileScopePermission": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If true, the add-on has requested and received https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file scope authorization for this item; otherwise this field is false."
}
}
}
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/driveEventObject"
}
```
#### Docs
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"docsEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/docsEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Docs event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's Google Docs document. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Google Docs.",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the document open in the Docs UI"
},
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the document open in the Docs UI"
},
"matchedUrl": {
"$id": "/properties/matchedUrlObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "Object that contains the URL that matches the pattern set in the link preview trigger."
"properties": {
"url": {
"type": "string",
"description": "URL that matches the pattern set in the link preview trigger."
},
}
},
"addonHasFileScopePermission": {
"type":"boolean",
"description": " Whether or not the add-on has drive.file scope permission for this document."
}
}
},
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/docsEventObject"
}
```
#### Google Sheets
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"docsEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/docsEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Docs event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's Google Sheet and its contents. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Google Sheets.",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the document open in the Sheets UI"
},
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the document open in the Sheets UI"
},
"addonHasFileScopePermission": {
"type":"boolean",
"description": " Whether or not the add-on has drive.file scope permission for this document."
}
}
},
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/docsEventObject"
}
```
#### Google Slides
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"docsEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/docsEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Slides event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about a user's Google Slides document. It's only present in an event object if the host application is Google Slides.",
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the document open in the Slides UI"
},
"title": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The title of the document open in the Slides UI"
},
"addonHasFileScopePermission": {
"type":"boolean",
"description": " Whether or not the add-on has drive.file scope permission for this document."
}
}
},
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/docsEventObject"
}
```
#### Workspace Studio
To learn more about Workspace Studio event objects, see
[Workspace Studio
event objects](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/studio/event-objects).
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"type": "object",
"definitions": {
"workflowEventObject": {
"$id": "/properties/workflowEventObject",
"type": "object",
"description": "The Studio event object is the portion of the overall event object that carries information about Google Workspace Studio actions and triggers. It is present in an event object if the host application is WORKFLOW.",
"properties": {
"actionInvocation": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Details about the workflow action invocation.",
"properties": {
"inputs": {
"type": "object",
"description": "A map of input variables passed to the action, keyed by input variable ID.",
"additionalProperties": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"stringValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "string" }
},
"integerValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "integer" }
},
"booleanValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "boolean" }
},
"doubleValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "number" }
}
}
}
}
}
},
"triggerEventSource": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The source that initiated the workflow event (for example, TRIGGER_EVENT_SOURCE_AUTOMATED)."
},
"resourceRetrieval": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Information about a requested custom resource.",
"properties": {
"resourceReference": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"resourceType": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"workflowBundleId": { "type": "string" },
"workflowResourceDefinitionId": { "type": "string" }
}
},
"resourceId": { "type": "string" }
}
}
}
}
}
}
},
"$ref": "#/definitions/workflowEventObject"
}
```
### JSON Response Objects
#### Form submit
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"description": "The response to a form submit from the add-on. The most common response will contain a navigation of cards - e.g. pushing a card to render content to reflected the modified content.",
"definitions": {
"submitFormResponse": {
"$id": "/properties/submitFormResponse",
"type": "object",
"required": ["renderActions"],
"properties": {
"renderActions": {
"type" : "object",
"$ref": "./renderActionSchema.json#/definitions/renderAction"
},
"stateChanged": {
"type" : "boolean",
"description": "Whether the state of the cards has changed and data in existing cards is stale."
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/submitFormResponse"
}
```
#### Render action
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"description": "The response to the invocation of the add-on. The most common response will contain a navigation for cards - e.g. pushing a card to render content.",
"definitions": {
"notification": {
"$id": "/properties/notification",
"type": "object",
"description": "Card action which displays a notification in the host app.",
"properties":{
"text": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Plain text to display for the notification, without html tags."
}
}
},
"navigation": {
"$id": "/properties/navigation",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"popToRoot": {
"type" : "boolean",
"description": "Card stack pops all card off except the root card."
},
"pop": {
"type" : "boolean",
"description": "Card stack pops one card off."
},
"popToCard": {
"type" : "string",
"description": "Card stack pops all cards above the specified card with given card name."
},
"pushCard": {
"type" : "object",
"description": "A card to push on top of the stack, which will be shown to end users.",
"$ref": "./cardSchema.json#/definitions/card"
},
"updateCard": {
"type" : "object",
"description": "Card stack updates the top card with a new card, preserving filled form\nfields values. For non-equivalent field, the value is dropped.",
"$ref": "./cardSchema.json#/definitions/card"
}
}
},
"action": {
"$id": "/properties/action",
"type": "object",
"description": "Google Workspace add-on response to interact with the end user. The most common interaction is to render a card with a navigation.",
"properties": {
"navigations": {
"description": "Specify the navigation within the card stack.",
"type": "array",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/navigation"
}
},
"link": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Immediately open the target link in a new tab or a popup.",
"$ref": "./cardSchema.json#/definitions/openLink"
},
"notification": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Display a notification to the end-user.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/notification"
}
}
},
"renderAction": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"action": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/action",
"description": "Google Workspace add-on response to interact with the end user. The most common interaction is to render a card with a navigation."
},
"hostAppAction": {
"type":"object",
"description": "Actions handled by individual host apps.",
"$ref": "./hostAppActionSchema.json#/definitions/hostAppActionMarkup"
},
"schema": {
"type": "string",
"description": "This is a no-op schema field that may be present in the markup for syntax\n checking."
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/renderAction"
}
```
#### Host app action markup
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"hostAppActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/hostAppActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"gmailAction": {
"$id": "/properties/gmailAction",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./gmailSchema.json#/definitions/gmailClientActionMarkup"
},
"calendarAction": {
"$id": "/properties/calendarAction",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./calendarSchema.json#/definitions/calendarClientActionMarkup"
},
"driveAction": {
"$id": "/properties/driveAction",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./drive_schema.json#/definitions/drive_client_action_markup"
},
"editor_action": {
"$id": "/properties/editor_action",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./editor_schema.json#/definitions/editor_client_action_markup"
},
"workflowAction": {
"$id": "/properties/workflowAction",
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./workflowSchema.json#/definitions/workflowClientActionMarkup"
}
},
"description": ""
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/hostAppActionMarkup"
}
```
#### Gmail action markup
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"gmailClientActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/gmailClientActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"updateDraftActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Update Draft Action Markup",
"$ref": "#definitions/updateDraftActionMarkup"
},
"openCreatedDraftActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Open Created Draft Action Markup",
"$ref": "#definitions/openCreatedDraftActionMarkup"
}
}
},
"updateDraftActionMarkup": {
"$id" : "/properties/updateDraftActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"updateBody": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/updateBody"
},
"updateToRecipients": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Update To Recipients.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/updateToRecipients"
},
"updateCcRecipients": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Update CC Recipients.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/updateCcRecipients"
},
"updateBccRecipients": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Update BCC Recipients.",
"$ref": "#/definitions/updateBccRecipients"
},
"updateSubject": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Update Subject",
"$ref": "#definitions/updateSubject"
}
}
},
"updateBody": {
"$id": "/prioperties/updateBody",
"type": "object",
"description": "A field which contains a series of updates action to perform on the draft\n body that user is currently editing.",
"properties": {
"insertContents": {
"type": "array",
"description": "A repeated field which contains a series of insert content to perform\n on the draft that user is currently editing. The content currently\n contains 1) HTML content or 2) plain text content.",
"items": {
"$ref": "#definitions/insertContent"
}
},
"type": {
"type": "string",
"description": "",
"enum": [
"IN_PLACE_INSERT"
]
}
}
},
"insertContent": {
"$id": "/prioperties/insertContent",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"content": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The content to be inserted"
},
"contentType": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The type of inserted content",
"enum": [
"TEXT",
"MUTABLE_HTML",
"IMMUTABLE_HTML"
]
}
}
},
"recipient": {
"$id": "/properties/recipient",
"type": "object",
"description": "recipient",
"properties": {
"email": {
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"updateToRecipients": {
"$id": "/properties/updateToRecipients",
"description": "If set, replaces the existing To recipients of the draft the user is currently editing.",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"toRecipients": {
"type": "array",
"description": "To Recipients",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/recipient"
}
}
}
},
"updateCcRecipients": {
"$id": "/properties/updateCcRecipients",
"description": "If set, replaces the existing Cc recipients of the draft the user is currently editing.",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"CcRecipients": {
"type": "array",
"description": "CC Recipients",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/recipient"
}
}
}
},
"updateBccRecipients": {
"$id": "/properties/updateBccRecipients",
"description": "If set, replaces the existing Bcc recipients of the draft the user is currently editing.",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"BccRecipients": {
"type": "array",
"description": "BCC Recipients",
"items": {
"$ref": "#/definitions/recipient"
}
}
}
},
"updateSubject": {
"$id": "/properties/updateSubject",
"description": "If set, replaces the existing subject of the draft the user is currently editing.",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"subject": {
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"openCreatedDraftActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"$id": "/properties/openCreatedDraftActionMarkup",
"description": "",
"properties": {
"draftId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the newly-created draft in the form \"r123\"."
},
"draftThreadId": {
"type": "string",
"description": "The ID of the thread containing the newly-created draft, e.g., \"15e9fa622ce1029d\"."
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/gmailClientActionMarkup"
}
```
#### Calendar action markup
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"editAttendeesActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/editAttendeesActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"addAttendeeEmails": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"description": ""
},
"editConferenceDataActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/editConferenceDataActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"conferenceData": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./conferenceDataMarkupSchema.json#/definitions/conferenceDataMarkup"
}
}
},
"addAttachmentsActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/addAttachmentsActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"addonAttachments": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"resourceUrl": {
"type": "string"
},
"title": {
"type": "string"
},
"mimeType": {
"type": "string"
},
"iconUrl": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}
}
},
"createConferenceDataActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/createConferenceDataActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"createConferenceData": {
"type": "object",
"$ref": "./conferenceDataMarkupSchema.json#/definitions/conferenceDataMarkup"
}
}
},
"createConferenceSettingUrlActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/createConferenceSettingUrlActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"settingsUrl": {
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"calendarSubscriptionActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/calendarSubscriptionActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"operation": {
"type": "string",
"enum": [
"OPERATION_UNSPECIFIED",
"CREATE"
]
},
"calendarId": {
"type": "string"
}
}
},
"calendarClientActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/calendarClientActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"editAttendeesActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/editAttendeesActionMarkup"
},
"editConferenceDataActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/editConferenceDataActionMarkup"
},
"addAttachmentsActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/addAttachmentsActionMarkup"
},
"createConferenceDataActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/createConferenceDataActionMarkup"
},
"createConferenceSettingUrlActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/createConferenceSettingUrlActionMarkup"
},
"calendarSubscriptionActionMarkup": {
"type": "object",
"description": "",
"$ref": "#/definitions/calendarSubscriptionActionMarkup"
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/calendarClientActionMarkup"
}
```
#### Drive action markup
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"driveClientActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/driveClientActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"requestFileScope": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"itemId": {
"type": "string"
}
}
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/driveClientActionMarkup"
}
```
#### Editor action markup
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"editor_client_action_markup": {
"$id": "/properties/editor_client_action_markup",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"request_file_scope_for_active_document": {
"type": "object"
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/editor_client_action_markup"
}
```
#### Workspace Studio action markup
To learn more about step execution and error handling, see
[Build a step](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/studio/build-a-step) and
[Handle errors](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/studio/handle-errors).
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"workflowClientActionMarkup": {
"$id": "/properties/workflowClientActionMarkup",
"type": "object",
"description": "Actions returned to Google Workspace Studio.",
"properties": {
"returnOutputVariablesAction": {
"$id": "/properties/returnOutputVariablesAction",
"type": "object",
"description": "Returns output variables generated by an executed workflow action.",
"properties": {
"variables": {
"type": "object",
"description": "A map of output variables keyed by variable ID.",
"additionalProperties": {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"stringValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "string" }
},
"integerValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "integer" }
},
"booleanValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "boolean" }
},
"doubleValues": {
"type": "array",
"items": { "type": "number" }
}
}
}
},
"log": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Log message displayed in Studio activity logs."
}
}
},
"returnElementErrorAction": {
"$id": "/properties/returnElementErrorAction",
"type": "object",
"description": "Indicates that an error occurred during element invocation.",
"properties": {
"developerErrorMessage": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Developer-facing error message."
},
"errorLog": {
"type": "object",
"description": "Human-readable error message displayed to the user."
},
"errorActionability": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["ACTIONABLE", "NOT_ACTIONABLE"],
"description": "Whether the user can fix the error by updating inputs."
},
"retryability": {
"type": "string",
"enum": ["RETRYABLE", "NOT_RETRYABLE"],
"description": "Whether Studio should automatically retry the step."
}
}
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/workflowClientActionMarkup"
}
```
#### Get autocompletion
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"description": "A response for getting autocomplete container, which includes elements\n necessary for showing auto complete items for text field.",
"definitions": {
"getAutocompletionResponse": {
"$id": "/properties/getAutocompletionResponse",
"type": "object",
"required": ["autoComplete"],
"properties": {
"autoComplete": {
"type" : "object",
"$ref": "./cardSchema.json#/definitions/suggestions"
},
"schema": {
"type" : "string",
"description": "This is a no-op schema field that may be present in the markup for syntax checking."
}
}
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/getAutocompletionResponse"
}
```
#### Request Google scopes
```
{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"definitions": {
"requesting_google_scopes": {
"$id": "/properties/requesting_google_scopes",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"scopes": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "string"
},
"description": "The scopes that the add-on is requesting."
},
"all_scopes": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If true, the add-on is requesting all scopes from the manifest. The scopes field should be empty in this case."
}
},
"description": "Represents the scopes an add-on is requesting from the end-user."
}
},
"type": "object",
"$ref": "#/definitions/requesting_google_scopes"
}
```
## Related topics
- [Extend Google Workspace Studio](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/studio)
- [Test and debug HTTP Google Workspace add-ons](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/guides/debug)
- Try a sample:
- [Integrate fundamental AI concepts in Google Chat
apps](https://codelabs.developers.google.com/chat-apps-ai-concepts)
- [Plan travels with an AI agent accessible across Google
Workspace](https://developers.google.com/workspace/add-ons/samples/travel-concierge)