Mengaktifkan Akses Sisi Server

Dengan prosedur Tambahkan Login sebelumnya, aplikasi Anda akan mengautentikasi pengguna di sisi klien saja; dalam hal ini, Anda dapat mengakses Google API hanya saat pengguna aktif menggunakan aplikasi Anda. Jika Anda ingin server dapat melakukan panggilan Google API atas nama pengguna—mungkin saat mereka sedang offline—server Anda memerlukan token akses.

Sebelum memulai

Mengaktifkan akses API sisi server untuk aplikasi Anda

  1. Saat Anda mengonfigurasi Login dengan Google, build objek GoogleSignInOptions dengan metode requestServerAuthCode dan tentukan cakupan yang perlu diakses oleh backend aplikasi Anda dengan metode requestScopes.

    Teruskan client ID server Anda ke metode requestServerAuthCode.

    // Configure sign-in to request offline access to the user's ID, basic
// profile, and Google Drive. The first time you request a code you will
// be able to exchange it for an access token and refresh token, which
// you should store. In subsequent calls, the code will only result in
// an access token. By asking for profile access (through
// DEFAULT_SIGN_IN) you will also get an ID Token as a result of the
// code exchange.
String serverClientId = getString(R.string.server_client_id);
GoogleSignInOptions gso = new GoogleSignInOptions.Builder(GoogleSignInOptions.DEFAULT_SIGN_IN)
        .requestScopes(new Scope(Scopes.DRIVE_APPFOLDER))
        .requestServerAuthCode(serverClientId)
        .requestEmail()
        .build();

  2. Setelah pengguna berhasil login, dapatkan kode autentikasi untuk pengguna tersebut dengan getServerAuthCode:

    Task<GoogleSignInAccount> task = GoogleSignIn.getSignedInAccountFromIntent(data);
try {
    GoogleSignInAccount account = task.getResult(ApiException.class);
    String authCode = account.getServerAuthCode();

    // Show signed-un UI
    updateUI(account);

    // TODO(developer): send code to server and exchange for access/refresh/ID tokens
} catch (ApiException e) {
    Log.w(TAG, "Sign-in failed", e);
    updateUI(null);
}

  3. Kirim kode autentikasi ke backend aplikasi Anda menggunakan HTTPS POST:

    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://yourbackend.example.com/authcode");

try {
    List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(1);
    nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("authCode", authCode));
    httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));

    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    final String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    Log.e(TAG, "Error sending auth code to backend.", e);
} catch (IOException e) {
    Log.e(TAG, "Error sending auth code to backend.", e);
}

  4. Di server backend aplikasi, tukar kode autentikasi dengan akses dan token refresh. Gunakan token akses untuk memanggil Google API atas nama pengguna dan, secara opsional, simpan token refresh untuk memperoleh token akses baru saat masa berlaku token akses berakhir.

    Jika Anda meminta akses profil, Anda juga akan mendapatkan token ID yang berisi informasi profil dasar untuk pengguna.

    Contoh:

    Java
    // (Receive authCode via HTTPS POST)


if (request.getHeader("X-Requested-With") == null) {
  // Without the `X-Requested-With` header, this request could be forged. Aborts.
}

// Set path to the Web application client_secret_*.json file you downloaded from the
// Google API Console: https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/credentials
// You can also find your Web application client ID and client secret from the
// console and specify them directly when you create the GoogleAuthorizationCodeTokenRequest
// object.
String CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "/path/to/client_secret.json";

// Exchange auth code for access token
GoogleClientSecrets clientSecrets =
    GoogleClientSecrets.load(
        JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), new FileReader(CLIENT_SECRET_FILE));
GoogleTokenResponse tokenResponse =
          new GoogleAuthorizationCodeTokenRequest(
              new NetHttpTransport(),
              JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
              "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
              clientSecrets.getDetails().getClientId(),
              clientSecrets.getDetails().getClientSecret(),
              authCode,
              REDIRECT_URI)  // Specify the same redirect URI that you use with your web
                             // app. If you don't have a web version of your app, you can
                             // specify an empty string.
              .execute();

String accessToken = tokenResponse.getAccessToken();

// Use access token to call API
GoogleCredential credential = new GoogleCredential().setAccessToken(accessToken);
Drive drive =
    new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(), JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance(), credential)
        .setApplicationName("Auth Code Exchange Demo")
        .build();
File file = drive.files().get("appfolder").execute();

// Get profile info from ID token
GoogleIdToken idToken = tokenResponse.parseIdToken();
GoogleIdToken.Payload payload = idToken.getPayload();
String userId = payload.getSubject();  // Use this value as a key to identify a user.
String email = payload.getEmail();
boolean emailVerified = Boolean.valueOf(payload.getEmailVerified());
String name = (String) payload.get("name");
String pictureUrl = (String) payload.get("picture");
String locale = (String) payload.get("locale");
String familyName = (String) payload.get("family_name");
String givenName = (String) payload.get("given_name");
    Python
    from apiclient import discovery
import httplib2
from oauth2client import client

# (Receive auth_code by HTTPS POST)


# If this request does not have `X-Requested-With` header, this could be a CSRF
if not request.headers.get('X-Requested-With'):
    abort(403)

# Set path to the Web application client_secret_*.json file you downloaded from the
# Google API Console: https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/credentials
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = '/path/to/client_secret.json'

# Exchange auth code for access token, refresh token, and ID token
credentials = client.credentials_from_clientsecrets_and_code(
    CLIENT_SECRET_FILE,
    ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.appdata', 'profile', 'email'],
    auth_code)

# Call Google API
http_auth = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
drive_service = discovery.build('drive', 'v3', http=http_auth)
appfolder = drive_service.files().get(fileId='appfolder').execute()

# Get profile info from ID token
userid = credentials.id_token['sub']
email = credentials.id_token['email']