![projects/openet/assets/geesebal/conus/gridmet/monthly/v2_1](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/images/OpenET/projects_openet_assets_geesebal_conus_gridmet_monthly_v2_1_sample.png) info This dataset is part of a Publisher Catalog, and not managed by Google Earth Engine. Contact [support@openetdata.org](https://etdata.org/contact-us/) for bugs or [view more datasets](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/publisher/openet) from the OpenET Catalog. [Learn more about Publisher datasets](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/publisher). [![Catalog Owner Logo](https://developers.google.com/static/earth-engine/datasets/logos/openet_logo.png)](https://etdata.org) Catalog Owner : OpenET Dataset Availability : 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z--2026-10-01T00:00:00Z Dataset Producer : [OpenET, Inc.](https://etdata.org/) Contact : [support@openetdata.org](https://etdata.org/contact-us/) Cadence : 1 Month Tags : [evapotranspiration](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/evapotranspiration) [gridmet-derived](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/gridmet-derived) [landsat-derived](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/landsat-derived) [monthly](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/monthly) [openet](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/openet) [publisher-dataset](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/publisher-dataset) [water](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/water) [water-vapor](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/tags/water-vapor) #### Description Google Earth Engine implementation of the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model. An overview of the current geeSEBAL version can be found in Laipelt et al. (2021), which is based on the original algorithms developed by Bastiaanssen et al. (1998). The OpenET geeSEBAL implementation uses land surface temperature (LST) data from Landsat Collection 2, in addition to NLDAS-2 and gridMET datasets as instantaneous and daily meteorological inputs, respectively. The automated statistical algorithm to select the hot and cold endmembers is based on a simplified version of the Calibration using Inverse Modeling at Extreme Conditions (CIMEC) algorithm proposed by Allen et al. (2013), where quantiles of LST and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values are used to select endmember candidates in the Landsat domain area. The cold and wet endmember candidates are selected in well vegetated areas, while the hot and dry endmember candidates are selected in the least vegetated cropland areas.Based on the selected endmembers, geeSEBAL assumes that in the cold and wet endmember all available energy is converted to latent heat (with high rates of transpiration), while in the hot and dry endmember all available energy is converted to sensible heat. Finally, estimates of daily evapotranspiration are upscaled from instantaneous estimates based on the evaporative fraction, assuming it is constant during the daytime without significant changes in soil moisture and advection. Based on the results from the OpenET Accuracy Assessment and Intercomparison study, the OpenET geeSEBAL algorithm was modified as follows: 1. The simplified version of CIMEC was improved by using additional filters to select the endmembers, including the use of the USDA Cropland Data Layer (CDL) and filters for NDVI, LST and albedo. 2. Corrections to LST for endmembers based on antecedent precipitation. 3. Definition of NLDAS-2 wind speed thresholds to reduce model instability during the atmospheric correction. 4. Improvements to estimate daily net radiation, using FAO-56 as reference (Allen et al., 1998). Overall, geeSEBAL performance is dependent on topographic, climate, and meteorological conditions, with higher sensitivity and uncertainty related to hot and cold endmember selections for the CIMEC automated calibration, and lower sensitivity and uncertainty related to meteorological inputs (Laipelt et al., 2021 and Kayser et al., 2022). To reduce uncertainties related to complex terrain, improvements were added to correct LST and global (incident) radiation on the surface (including the environmental lapse rate, elevation slope and aspect) to represent the effects of topographic features on the model's endmember selection algorithm and ET estimates. **OpenET Collection v2.1** OpenET Collection v2.1 is a reprocessed and updated version of Collection v2.0, designed primarily to address known v2.0 issues, while also incorporating minor model improvements and input-data updates. It is expected that there will be noticeable differences in ET between the two collection versions for some places and times. Some of the updates and changes include: - Additional cloud screening and filtering to skip Landsat images with unmasked clouds and/or extensive snow cover. - Reprocessing to incorporate updates to the NLDAS-2 and GRIDMET input meteorology datasets. - Incorporation of the USGS Annual NLCD product for all models that require land cover information. - Incorporation of the latest USDA CDL for all models that require crop type information. - Updates to the interpolation so monthly ET is only produced when all days in the month have interpolated values (reducing "count=0" months in cloudy/snowy or low-coverage periods). - Application of an emissivity correction to address a known issue in Landsat LST data. [Additional information](https://etdata.org/methods/) ### Bands **Bands** Pixel size: 30 meters (all bands) | Name | Units | Pixel Size | Description | |---|---|---|---| | `et` | mm | 30 meters | Total actual evapotranspiration (ET) | | `count` | count | 30 meters | Number of cloud free observations in the month included in the interpolation | ### Image Properties **Image Properties** | Name | Type | Description | |---|---|---| | build_date | STRING | Date assets were built | | build_status | STRING | Status can be "permanent" or "provisional". Images flagged as "provisional" may be updated in the future. | | cloud_cover_max | DOUBLE | Maximum CLOUD_COVER_LAND percent value for Landsat images included in interpolation | | collections | STRING | List of Landsat collections for Landsat images included in the interpolation | | core_version | STRING | OpenET core library version | | end_date | STRING | End date of month | | et_reference_band | STRING | Band in et_reference_source that contains the daily reference ET data | | et_reference_resample | STRING | Spatial interpolation mode to resample daily reference ET data | | et_reference_source | STRING | Collection ID for the daily reference ET data | | image_source_count | DOUBLE | Number of scene images used in the interpolation | | interp_days | DOUBLE | Maximum number of days before and after each image date to include in interpolation | | interp_method | STRING | Method used to interpolate between Landsat model estimates | | interp_source_count | DOUBLE | Number of available images in the interpolation source image collection for the target month | | mgrs_tile | STRING | MGRS grid zone ID | | model_name | STRING | OpenET model name | | model_version | STRING | OpenET model version | | scale_factor_count | DOUBLE | Scaling factor that should be applied to the count band | | scale_factor_et | DOUBLE | Scaling factor that should be applied to the et band | | start_date | STRING | Start date of month | | units_et | STRING | Units of the "et" band | ### Terms of Use **Terms of Use** [CC-BY-4.0](https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html) ### Citations Citations: - Laipelt, L., Kayser, R.H.B., Fleischmann, A.S., Ruhoff, A., Bastiaanssen, W., Erickson, T.A. and Melton, F., 2021. Long-term monitoring of evapotranspiration using the SEBAL algorithm and Google Earth Engine cloud computing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 178, pp.81-96. [doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.018](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.018) - Bastiaanssen, W.G., Menenti, M., Feddes, R.A. and Holtslag, A.A.M., 1998. A remote sensing surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL). 1. Formulation. Journal of hydrology, 212, pp.198-212. [doi:S0022-1694(98)00253-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00253-4) - Kayser, R.H., Ruhoff, A., Laipelt, L., de Mello Kich, E., Roberti, D. R., de Arruda Souza, V., Rubert, G.C.D., Collischonn, W. and Neale, C.M.U., 2022. Assessing geeSEBAL automated calibration and meteorological reanalysis uncertainties to estimate evapotranspiration in subtropical humid climates. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 314, p.108775. [doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108775](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108775) - Allen, R.G., Burnett, B., Kramber, W., Huntington, J., Kjaersgaard, J., Kilic, A., Kelly, C. and Trezza, R., 2013. Automated calibration of the metric-landsat evapotranspiration process. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 49(3), pp.563-576. [doi:10.1111/jawr.12056](https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12056) ### DOIs - ### Explore with Earth Engine > [!NOTE] > **Important:** Earth Engine is a platform for petabyte-scale scientific analysis and visualization of geospatial datasets, both for public benefit and for business and government users. Earth Engine is free to use for research, education, and nonprofit use. To get started, please [register for Earth Engine access.](https://console.cloud.google.com/earth-engine) ### Code Editor (JavaScript) ```javascript var dataset = ee.ImageCollection('projects/openet/assets/geesebal/conus/gridmet/monthly/v2_1') .filterDate('2024-01-01', '2025-01-01'); // Compute the annual evapotranspiration (ET) as the sum of the monthly ET // images for the year. var et = dataset.select('et').sum(); var visualization = { min: 0, max: 1400, palette: [ '9e6212', 'ac7d1d', 'ba9829', 'c8b434', 'd6cf40', 'bed44b', '9fcb51', '80c256', '61b95c', '42b062', '45b677', '49bc8d', '4dc2a2', '51c8b8', '55cece', '4db4ba', '459aa7', '3d8094', '356681', '2d4c6e', ] }; Map.setCenter(-100, 38, 5); Map.addLayer(et, visualization, 'OpenET geeSEBAL Annual ET'); ``` [Open in Code Editor](https://code.earthengine.google.com/?scriptPath=Examples:Datasets/OpenET/projects_openet_assets_geesebal_conus_gridmet_monthly_v2_1) [OpenET geeSEBAL Monthly Evapotranspiration v2.1](https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/projects_openet_assets_geesebal_conus_gridmet_monthly_v2_1) Google Earth Engine implementation of the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model. An overview of the current geeSEBAL version can be found in Laipelt et al. (2021), which is based on the original algorithms developed by Bastiaanssen et al. (1998). The OpenET geeSEBAL implementation uses land surface temperature ... projects/openet/assets/geesebal/conus/gridmet/monthly/v2_1, evapotranspiration,gridmet-derived,landsat-derived,monthly,openet,publisher-dataset,water,water-vapor 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z/2026-10-01T00:00:00Z 25 -126 50 -66 Google Earth Engine https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets - [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.018](https://doi.org/https://etdata.org/) - [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.018](https://doi.org/https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/projects_openet_assets_geesebal_conus_gridmet_monthly_v2_1)