Utiliser l'API

Ce document décrit ce que vous devez savoir pour utiliser l'API Google Civic Information. Vous pouvez consulter les questions fréquentes sur l'API Civic Info pour obtenir des informations de base sur l'API, ainsi que des questions fréquentes sur notre forum pour les utilisateurs. Vous pouvez également consulter deux exemples ci-dessous. Le premier permet de rechercher des informations sur les électeurs lors d'une élection, et l'autre de rechercher les représentants élus.

Identifier votre application auprès de Google

Votre application doit s'identifier chaque fois qu'elle envoie une requête à l'API Google Civic Information en incluant une clé API dans chaque requête.

Obtenir et utiliser une clé API

Pour obtenir une clé API :

  1. Ouvrez la page Identifiants dans la console API.
  2. Deux types d'identifiants sont disponibles pour cette API. Créez les identifiants adaptés à votre projet :
    • OAuth 2.0 : chaque fois que votre application demande des données utilisateur privées, elle doit envoyer un jeton OAuth 2.0 en même temps que la requête. Votre application envoie d'abord un identifiant client, puis éventuellement un code secret du client pour obtenir un jeton. Vous pouvez générer des identifiants OAuth 2.0 pour des applications Web, des comptes de service ou des applications installées.

      Remarque:Comme cette API ne dispose d'aucune méthode nécessitant une autorisation OAuth 2.0, vous n'aurez peut-être besoin que des clés API décrites ci-dessous. Toutefois, si votre application appelle d'autres API nécessitant une autorisation de l'utilisateur, vous avez toujours besoin des identifiants OAuth 2.0.

      Pour en savoir plus, consultez la documentation OAuth 2.0.

    • Clés API : une demande qui ne fournit pas de jeton OAuth 2.0 doit envoyer une clé API. Cette clé identifie votre projet et vous donne accès à l'API, aux quotas et aux rapports.

      L'API propose plusieurs types de restrictions applicables aux clés API. Si la clé API dont vous avez besoin n'existe pas déjà, créez-en une dans la console en cliquant sur Créer des identifiants  > Clé API. Vous pouvez restreindre la clé avant de l'utiliser en production en cliquant sur Restreindre la clé et en sélectionnant l'une des restrictions.

Pour sécuriser vos clés API, suivez les bonnes pratiques pour utiliser des clés API en toute sécurité.

Une fois la clé API obtenue, votre application peut ajouter le paramètre de requête key=yourAPIKey à toutes les URL de requête.

La clé API peut s'intégrer aux URL en toute sécurité et ne nécessite pas d'encodage.

Restrictions de clé API

Votre clé API n'est pas restreinte par défaut. Par conséquent, elle n'est pas sécurisée si quelqu'un peut la lire (si elle est placée dans un navigateur, par exemple) ou accéder à l'appareil sur lequel elle est placée. Nous vous recommandons de limiter cette clé API afin d'empêcher toute utilisation non autorisée.

Pour ajouter une restriction, cliquez sur Restreindre la clé dans la boîte de dialogue Clé API créée. Le panneau de configuration Clé API s'affiche:

Le type de restriction que vous sélectionnez dépend des besoins de votre application:

  • Les applications Web interagissant directement avec l'API (c'est-à-dire, et non via un backend ou un middleware) doivent ajouter une restriction Référents HTTP. Notez toutefois que ces applications exposent leur clé API publiquement. Il est préférable d'utiliser un schéma d'authentification de compte de service.
  • Les applications backend qui ne sont pas compatibles avec les comptes de service (par exemple, les appareils intégrés dont la bibliothèque cliente n'inclut pas de langage compatible) doivent ajouter une restriction d'adresses IP pour éviter toute utilisation par des clients utilisant des adresses IP différentes.
  • Les applications Android doivent ajouter une restriction Applications Android, ainsi que le nom de votre package et l'empreinte du certificat de signature SHA-1.
  • Les applications iOS doivent ajouter une restriction Applications iOS et ajouter des identifiants de groupe iOS pour limiter les appels d'API à ces bundles iOS.

Pour les tests, vous pouvez choisir de n'appliquer aucune restriction. Toutefois, nous vous recommandons d'ajouter une restriction à cette clé ou de la supprimer une fois votre application déployée en production.

Exemple de requête SelectionQuery

Voici un exemple (utilisant la version v2 de l'API) d'appel de l'API electionQuery pour obtenir la liste d'identifiants d'élections valides, puis l'utilisation de l'API voterInfoQuery avec l'adresse postale d'un électeur pour obtenir des informations sur une élection sélectionnée.

Utilisez ÉlectionsQuery pour obtenir la liste des ID d'élection valides :

  https://www.googleapis.com/civicinfo/v2/elections?key=<YOUR_API_KEY>
  

ÉlectionsQuery Réponse:

{
 "kind": "civicinfo#electionsqueryresponse",
 "elections": [
  {
   "id": "2000",
   "name": "VIP Test Election",
   "electionDay": "2013-06-06"
  },
  {
   "id": "2124",
   "name": "Rhode Island 2012 Primary Election",
   "electionDay": "2012-09-11"
  },
  {
   "id": "2126",
   "name": "Delaware 2012 Primary Election",
   "electionDay": "2012-09-11"
  }
 ]
}

voterInfoQuery avec curl

Utilisez curl pour envoyer une requête voterInfoQuery pour l'identifiant d'élection de test VIP 2000 et pour l'électeur à l'adresse (de test) 1263 Pacific Ave. Kansas City, Kansas City,Kansas City (voir la réponse voterInfoQuery ci-dessous):

curl "https://www.googleapis.com/civicinfo/v2/voterinfo?key=<YOUR_API_KEY>&address=1263%20Pacific%20Ave.%20Kansas%20City%20KS&electionId=2000"

voterInfoQuery utilisant la bibliothèque cliente de l'API Google pour JavaScript

Cet exemple émet la même requête voterInfoQuery que l'exemple curl précédent, mais il utilise la bibliothèque cliente JavaScript. La réponse voterInfoQuery est identique à l'exemple de réponse curl.

<!doctype html>
<html>
  <head>
    <script>
      /**
       * Build and execute request to look up voter info for provided address.
       * @param {string} address Address for which to fetch voter info.
       * @param {function(Object)} callback Function which takes the
       *     response object as a parameter.
       */
       function lookup(address, callback) {
       /**
         * Election ID for which to fetch voter info.
         * @type {number}
         */
        var electionId = 2000;
 
        /**
         * Request object for given parameters.
         * @type {gapi.client.HttpRequest}
         */
        var req = gapi.client.request({
            'path' : '/civicinfo/v2/voterinfo',
            'params' : {'electionId' : electionId, 'address' : address}
        });
       req.execute(callback);
      }

      /**
       * Render results in the DOM.
       * @param {Object} response Response object returned by the API.
       * @param {Object} rawResponse Raw response from the API.
       */
      function renderResults(response, rawResponse) {
        var el = document.getElementById('results');
        if (!response || response.error) {
          el.appendChild(document.createTextNode(
              'Error while trying to fetch polling place'));
          return;
        }
        var normalizedAddress = response.normalizedInput.line1 + ' ' +
            response.normalizedInput.city + ', ' +
            response.normalizedInput.state + ' ' +
            response.normalizedInput.zip;
        if (response.pollingLocations.length > 0) {
          var pollingLocation = response.pollingLocations[0].address;
          var pollingAddress = pollingLocation.locationName + ', ' +
              pollingLocation.line1 + ' ' +
              pollingLocation.city + ', ' +
              pollingLocation.state + ' ' +
              pollingLocation.zip;
          var normEl = document.createElement('strong');
          normEl.appendChild(document.createTextNode(
              'Polling place for ' + normalizedAddress + ': '));
          el.appendChild(normEl);
          el.appendChild(document.createTextNode(pollingAddress));
        } else {
          el.appendChild(document.createTextNode(
              'Could not find polling place for ' + normalizedAddress));
        }
      }

      /**
       * Initialize the API client and make a request.
       */
      function load() {
        gapi.client.setApiKey('YOUR API KEY GOES HERE');
        lookup('1263 Pacific Ave. Kansas City KS', renderResults);
      }
    </script>
    <script src="https://apis.google.com/js/client.js?onload=load"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="results"></div>
  </body>
</html>

Réponse voterInfoQuery:

{
 "kind": "civicinfo#voterinforesponse",
 "status": "success",
 "election": {
  "id": "2000",
  "name": "VIP Test Election",
  "electionDay": "2013-06-06"
 },
 "normalizedInput": {
  "line1": "1263 Pacific Ave",
  "city": "Kansas City",
  "state": "KS",
  "zip": "66102"
 },
 "pollingLocations": [
  {
   "address": {
    "locationName": "National Guard Armory",
    "line1": "100 S 20th St",
    "line2": "",
    "line3": "",
    "city": "Kansas City",
    "state": "KS",
    "zip": "66102 "
   },
   "pollingHours": " - "
  }
 ],
 "contests": [
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Attorney"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Sheriff"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Kansas Representative 32",
   "district": {
    "name": "Kansas Representative 32",
    "scope": "stateLower",
    "id": "32"
   },
   "sources": [
    {
     "name": "Voting Information Project",
     "official": true
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Governor/Lt. Governor",
   "candidates": [
    {
     "name": "Andrew P.  Gray",
     "party": "Libertarian",
     "email": "chair@lpks.org"
    },
    {
     "name": "Kenneth (ken) W. Cannon",
     "party": "Reform"
    },
    {
     "name": "Tom Holland",
     "party": "Democratic",
     "candidateUrl": "www.tomhollandforkansas.com",
     "email": "info@tomhollandforkansas.com"
    },
    {
     "name": "Sam Brownback",
     "party": "Republican",
     "candidateUrl": "www.brownbackforkansas.com",
     "email": "media@brownback.com"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "KCKCC Member AL Brd of Trustee"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Secretary of State",
   "candidates": [
    {
     "name": "Chris Biggs",
     "party": "Democratic"
    },
    {
     "name": "Kris Kobach",
     "party": "Republican"
    },
    {
     "name": "Phillip Horatio Lucas",
     "party": "Libertarian"
    },
    {
     "name": "Derek Langseth",
     "party": "Reform"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "U.S. Senate",
   "district": {
    "name": "U.S. Senate",
    "scope": "statewide",
    "id": "5"
   },
   "candidates": [
    {
     "name": "Lisa Johnston",
     "party": "Democratic",
     "candidateUrl": "www.lisaforkansas.com",
     "phone": "913-662-1457",
     "email": "lisa@lisaforkansas.com"
    },
    {
     "name": "Jerry Moran",
     "party": "Republican"
    },
    {
     "name": "Michael Wm. Dann",
     "party": "Libertarian"
    },
    {
     "name": "Joseph (joe) K. Bellis",
     "party": "Reform"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    {
     "name": "Voting Information Project",
     "official": true
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "BD of Public Utilities 2"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Attorney General",
   "candidates": [
    {
     "name": "Steve Six",
     "party": "Democratic"
    },
    {
     "name": "Derek Schmidt",
     "party": "Republican"
    },
    {
     "name": "Dennis Hawver",
     "party": "Libertarian"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "U.S. Representative 3"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Governor/Lt. Governor",
   "district": {
    "name": "Governor/Lt. Governor",
    "scope": "statewide",
    "id": "1"
   },
   "candidates": [
    {
     "name": "Andrew P.  Gray",
     "party": "Libertarian",
     "email": "chair@lpks.org"
    },
    {
     "name": "Kenneth (ken) W. Cannon",
     "party": "Reform"
    },
    {
     "name": "Tom Holland",
     "party": "Democratic",
     "candidateUrl": "www.tomhollandforkansas.com",
     "email": "info@tomhollandforkansas.com"
    },
    {
     "name": "Sam Brownback",
     "party": "Republican",
     "candidateUrl": "www.brownbackforkansas.com",
     "email": "media@brownback.com"
    }
   ],
   "sources": [
    {
     "name": "Voting Information Project",
     "official": true
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Commissioner-At-Large 2"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Kansas Senate 6"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Clerk"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "President / Vice President"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Register of Deeds"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "BD of Public Utilities (AL)"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Commissioner 2"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "USD 500"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "State Board of Education 1"
  },
  {
   "type": "General",
   "office": "Treasurer"
  }
 ],
 "state": [
  {
   "name": "State of Kansas",
   "electionAdministrationBody": {
    "name": "Kansas",
    "electionOfficials": [
     {
      "name": "Brad Bryant",
      "title": "Election Director",
      "officePhoneNumber": "785-296-4561",
      "emailAddress": "cclark@essvote.com"
     }
    ]
   },
   "local_jurisdiction": {
    "name": "Wyandotte",
    "electionAdministrationBody": {
     "name": "Wyandotte",
     "electionInfoUrl": "http://www.wycokck.org/election",
     "electionOfficials": [
      {
       "name": "Bruce Newby",
       "title": "Election Commissioner",
       "officePhoneNumber": "(913) 573-8500",
       "emailAddress": "hbbrooks@essvote.com"
      }
     ]
    },
    "sources": [
     {
      "name": "Voting Information Project",
      "official": true
     }
    ]
   },
   "sources": [
    {
     "name": "Voting Information Project",
     "official": true
    }
   ]
  }
 ]
}

représentationInfoQuery avec curl

Voici un exemple de recherche de représentants élus pour une adresse. Utilisez curl pour envoyer une requête representativeInfoByAddress pour l'adresse (de test) 1263 Pacific Ave. Kansas City, Kansas (voir la réponse RepresentativeInfoByAddress ci-dessous):

curl "https://www.googleapis.com/civicinfo/v2/representatives?key=<YOUR_API_KEY>&address=1263%20Pacific%20Ave.%20Kansas%20City%20KS"

Signaler une erreur

Voyez-vous des informations manquantes ou incorrectes concernant un élu ? Il arrive que les fonctionnaires quittent leur fonction avant la fin de leur mandat ou modifient leurs coordonnées. Signalez-nous les modifications de ce type qui ne sont pas encore reflétées dans les données que nous vous renvoyons.

Nous vérifierons vos signalements auprès d'autres utilisateurs, de fournisseurs de données ou de sources de données gouvernementales officielles. Nous recevons beaucoup de signalements et nous ne pourrons malheureusement peut-être pas vous répondre directement. Si elle est approuvée, votre modification peut mettre un certain temps à apparaître dans les résultats de l'API.

Pour signaler une erreur, remplissez ce formulaire.

Réponse représentativeInfoByAddress:

{
 "kind": "civicinfo#representativeInfoResponse",
 "status": "success",
 "normalizedInput": {
  "line1": "1263 pacific ave",
  "city": "kansas city",
  "state": "KS",
  "zip": "66102"
 },
 "divisions": {
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/county:wyandotte/council_district:2": {
   "name": "Wyandotte County Commissioner District 2",
   "scope": "countyCouncil"
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/cd:3": {
   "name": "Kansas's 3rd congressional district",
   "scope": "congressional",
   "officeIndices": [ 0 ]
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/sldl:32": {
   "name": "Kansas House of Representatives district 32",
   "scope": "stateLower",
   "officeIndices": [ 1 ]
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/place:kansas_city": {
   "name": "Kansas City city",
   "scope": "citywide",
   "officeIndices": [ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/county:wyandotte": {
   "name": "Wyandotte County",
   "scope": "countywide"
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us": {
   "name": "United States",
   "scope": "national",
   "officeIndices": [ 9, 10 ]
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks": {
   "name": "Kansas",
   "scope": "statewide",
   "officeIndices": [ 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 ]
  },
  "ocd-division/country:us/state:ks/sldu:6": {
   "name": "Kansas State Senate district 6",
   "scope": "stateUpper",
   "officeIndices": [ 18 ]
  }
 },
 "offices": [
  {
   "name": "United States House of Representatives KS-03",
   "level": "federal",
   "officialIndices": [ 0 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "KS State House District 32",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 1 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Sheriff",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 2 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "District Attorney",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 3 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Register of Deeds",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 4 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Director of Revenue",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 5 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Unified Government Clerk",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 6 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Unified Government Commission, At Large, District 1",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 7 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Unified Government Commission, At Large, District 2",
   "level": "county",
   "officialIndices": [ 8 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "President",
   "level": "federal",
   "officialIndices": [ 9 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Vice President",
   "level": "federal",
   "officialIndices": [ 10 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Governor",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 11 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "State Treasurer",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 12 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Attorney General",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 13 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Secretary of State",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 14 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Lieutenant Governor",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 15 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "United States Senate",
   "level": "federal",
   "officialIndices": [ 16, 17 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Insurance Commissioner",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 18 ]
  },
  {
   "name": "KS State Senate District 6",
   "level": "state",
   "officialIndices": [ 19 ]
  }
 ],
 "officials": [
  {
   "name": "Kevin Yoder",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "215 Cannon HOB",
     "city": "washington d.c.",
     "state": "DC",
     "zip": "20515"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Republican",
   "phones": [
    "(202) 225-2865"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://yoder.house.gov/"
   ],
   "photoUrl": "http://yoder.house.gov/images/user_images/headshot.jpg",
   "channels": [
    {
     "type": "Facebook",
     "id": "CongressmanKevinYoder"
    },
    {
     "type": "Twitter",
     "id": "RepKevinYoder"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Mike Peterson",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "450 North 17th",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66102"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Democratic",
   "phones": [
    "(785) 296-7371"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.kslegislature.org/li/b2013_14/members/rep_peterson_michael_1/"
   ],
   "photoUrl": "http://www.kslegislature.org/li/m/images/pics/rep_peterson_michael_1.jpg",
   "emails": [
    "michael.peterson@house.ks.gov"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Donald Ash",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "701 Nth 7th Street Suite 20",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Democratic",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-2861"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.wycokck.org/DefaultDept32.aspx?id=2614"
   ],
   "emails": [
    "dash@wycokck.org"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Jerome Gorman",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "701 Nth 7th Street Suite 10",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Democratic",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-2851"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.wycokck.org/Internet2010DistAttyBanner.aspx?id=176&banner=6912&menu_id=946"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Nancy Burns",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "710 n. 7th street",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Unknown",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-2841"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.wycokck.org/Internetdept.aspx?id=2600&menu_id=1024&banner=15284"
   ],
   "emails": [
    "nburns@wycokck.org"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Debbie Pack",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "710 n. 7th street",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Unknown",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-2821"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.wycokck.org/treasury/"
   ],
   "emails": [
    "dpack@wycokck.org"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Bridgette D. Cobbins",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "710 n. 7th street",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Unknown",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-5260"
   ],
   "urls": [
    "http://www.wycokck.org/InternetDept.aspx?id=18992&menu_id=554&terms=Bridgette%20Cobbins"
   ],
   "emails": [
    "clerkwest@wycokck.org"
   ]
  },
  {
   "name": "Vacant",
   "address": [
    {
     "line1": "701 Nth 7th Street Suite 979",
     "city": "kansas city",
     "state": "KS",
     "zip": "66101"
    }
   ],
   "party": "Unknown",
   "phones": [
    "(913) 573-5040"
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}