设置 IMA SDK for DAI

IMA SDK 可让您轻松地将多媒体广告集成到您的网站和应用中。IMA SDK 可从任何 符合 VAST 标准的广告服务器请求广告,并管理您应用中的广告播放。使用 IMA DAI SDK 时,应用会针对广告和内容视频(VOD 或直播内容)发出视频流请求。然后,SDK 会返回组合的视频流,因此您无需在应用中管理广告与内容视频之间的切换。

选择您感兴趣的 DAI 解决方案

全方位服务 DAI

本指南演示了如何将 IMA DAI SDK 集成到简单的视频播放器应用中。如果您想要查看或了解已完成的示例集成,请从 GitHub 下载 BasicExample

IMA DAI 概览

实现 IMA DAI 涉及四个主要 SDK 组件,如本指南所示:

  • StreamDisplayContainer:位于视频播放元素顶部并容纳广告界面元素的容器对象。
  • AdsLoader:一个对象,用于请求数据流并处理由数据流请求响应对象触发的事件。 您只能实例化一个广告加载器,以便在应用的整个生命周期内重复使用它。
  • StreamRequest:用于定义流请求的对象。视频流请求可以针对视频点播或直播。直播请求会指定资产键,而 VOD 请求会指定 CMS ID 和视频 ID。这两种请求类型都可以视需要包含访问指定视频流所需的 API 密钥和 Google Ad Manager 广告资源网代码,以供 IMA SDK 处理 Google Ad Manager 设置中指定的广告标识符。
  • StreamManager:用于处理动态广告插播数据流以及与 DAI 后端的互动的对象。视频流管理器还处理跟踪 ping,并将视频流和广告事件转发给发布商。

前提条件

下载并运行示例视频播放器应用

示例应用提供了一个可正常运行的视频播放器,用于播放 HLS 视频。您可从此着手来集成 IMA DAI SDK 的 DAI 功能。

  1. 下载示例视频播放器应用并解压缩。

  2. 启动 Android Studio,然后选择 Open an existing Android Studio project;或者,如果 Android Studio 已在运行,请依次选择 File > New > Import Project。然后选择 SampleVideoPlayer/build.gradle

  3. 依次选择 Tools > Android > Sync Project with Gradle Files 来运行 Gradle 同步。

  4. 依次选择 Run > Run 'app',确保播放器应用可在实体 Android 设备或 Android 虚拟设备上编译和运行。视频串流在播放前需要一些时间加载,这是正常现象。

查看示例视频播放器

示例视频播放器尚无任何 IMA DAI SDK 集成代码。 示例应用包含两个主要部分:

  1. samplevideoplayer/SampleVideoPlayer.java:基于 ExoPlayer 的 HLS 播放器,可作为 IMA DAI 集成的基础。

  2. videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java:此 activity 会创建视频播放器,并向其传递 Contextmedia3.ui.PlayerView

将 IMA DAI SDK 添加到播放器应用

您还必须添加对 IMA DAI SDK 的引用。在 Android Studio 中,将以下内容添加到位于 app/build.gradle 的应用级 build.gradle 文件中:

repositories {
    google()
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    def media3_version = "1.5.1"
    implementation(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-bom:1.8.0"))
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0'
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-ui:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-hls:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:$media3_version"
    implementation 'androidx.mediarouter:mediarouter:1.7.0'
    implementation 'com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3:interactivemedia:3.36.0'

集成 IMA DAI SDK

  1. videoplayerapp 软件包(在 app/java/com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples/videoplayerapp/ 中)中创建一个名为 SampleAdsWrapper 的新类,以封装现有的 SampleVideoPlayer,并添加用于实现 IMA DAI 的逻辑。为此,您必须先创建一个用于请求 DAI 视频流的 AdsLoader

    此代码段包含 HLS 和 DASH 以及直播和 VOD 视频流的示例参数。如需设置正在播放的流,请更新 CONTENT_TYPE 变量。

    package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.webkit.WebView;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdErrorEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsLoader;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsManagerLoadedEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.CuePoint;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamDisplayContainer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamManager;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest.StreamFormat;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoProgressUpdate;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoStreamPlayer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer.SampleVideoPlayerCallback;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /** This class adds ad-serving support to Sample HlsVideoPlayer */
    @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
    /* @SuppressLint is needed for new media3 APIs. */
    public class SampleAdsWrapper
        implements AdEvent.AdEventListener, AdErrorEvent.AdErrorListener, AdsLoader.AdsLoadedListener {
    
      // Live HLS stream asset key.
      private static final String TEST_HLS_ASSET_KEY = "c-rArva4ShKVIAkNfy6HUQ";
    
      // Live DASH stream asset key.
      private static final String TEST_DASH_ASSET_KEY = "PSzZMzAkSXCmlJOWDmRj8Q";
    
      // VOD HLS content source and video IDs.
      private static final String TEST_HLS_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2548831";
      private static final String TEST_HLS_VIDEO_ID = "tears-of-steel";
    
      // VOD DASH content source and video IDs.
      private static final String TEST_DASH_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2559737";
      private static final String TEST_DASH_VIDEO_ID = "tos-dash";
    
      private static final String NETWORK_CODE = "21775744923";
    
      private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
    
      private enum ContentType {
        LIVE_HLS,
        LIVE_DASH,
        VOD_HLS,
        VOD_DASH,
      }
    
      // Set CONTENT_TYPE to the associated enum for the stream type you would like to test.
      private static final ContentType CONTENT_TYPE = ContentType.VOD_HLS;
    
      /** Log interface, so we can output the log commands to the UI or similar. */
      public interface Logger {
        void log(String logMessage);
      }
    
      private final ImaSdkFactory sdkFactory;
      private AdsLoader adsLoader;
      private StreamManager streamManager;
      private final List<VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback> playerCallbacks;
    
      private final SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer;
      private final Context context;
      private final ViewGroup adUiContainer;
    
      private String fallbackUrl;
      private Logger logger;
    
      /**
       * Creates a new SampleAdsWrapper that implements IMA direct-ad-insertion.
       *
       * @param context the app's context.
       * @param videoPlayer underlying HLS video player.
       * @param adUiContainer ViewGroup in which to display the ad's UI.
       */
      public SampleAdsWrapper(Context context, SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer, ViewGroup adUiContainer) {
        this.videoPlayer = videoPlayer;
        this.context = context;
        this.adUiContainer = adUiContainer;
        sdkFactory = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance();
        playerCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
        createAdsLoader();
      }
    
      private void enableWebViewDebugging() {
        WebView.setWebContentsDebuggingEnabled(true);
      }
    
      private void createAdsLoader() {
        enableWebViewDebugging();
        VideoStreamPlayer videoStreamPlayer = createVideoStreamPlayer();
        StreamDisplayContainer displayContainer =
            ImaSdkFactory.createStreamDisplayContainer(adUiContainer, videoStreamPlayer);
        videoPlayer.setSampleVideoPlayerCallback(createSampleVideoPlayerCallback());
        adsLoader =
            sdkFactory.createAdsLoader(context, MyActivity.getImaSdkSettings(), displayContainer);
      }
    
      public void requestAndPlayAds() {
        adsLoader.addAdErrorListener(this);
        adsLoader.addAdsLoadedListener(this);
        adsLoader.requestStream(buildStreamRequest());
      }
    
  2. 创建 createSampleVideoPlayerCallback() 辅助方法,以处理扩展 VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallbackSampleVideoPlayerCallback 接口实例的创建。

    若要使用 DAI,播放器必须将直播活动的 ID3 事件传递到 IMA DAI SDK。callback.onUserTextReceived() 方法执行此操作,如以下示例代码所示。

    private SampleVideoPlayerCallback createSampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
      return new SampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onUserTextReceived(String userText) {
          for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
            callback.onUserTextReceived(userText);
          }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onSeek(int windowIndex, long positionMs) {
          // See if we would seek past an ad, and if so, jump back to it.
          long newSeekPositionMs = positionMs;
          if (streamManager != null) {
            CuePoint prevCuePoint = streamManager.getPreviousCuePointForStreamTimeMs(positionMs);
            if (prevCuePoint != null && !prevCuePoint.isPlayed()) {
              newSeekPositionMs = prevCuePoint.getStartTimeMs();
            }
          }
          videoPlayer.seekTo(windowIndex, newSeekPositionMs);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onContentComplete() {
          for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
            callback.onContentComplete();
          }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onPause() {
          for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
            callback.onPause();
          }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onResume() {
          for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
            callback.onResume();
          }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onVolumeChanged(int percentage) {
          for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
            callback.onVolumeChanged(percentage);
          }
        }
      };
    }
    
  3. 添加 buildStreamRequest() 方法以创建 SteamRequest。此方法会根据您设置 CONTENT_TYPE 变量的方式在不同的数据流之间切换。本指南中使用的默认视频流是 IMA 的示例 VOD HLS 视频流。

    @Nullable
    private StreamRequest buildStreamRequest() {
      StreamRequest request;
      switch (CONTENT_TYPE) {
        case LIVE_HLS:
          // Live HLS stream request.
          return sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(TEST_HLS_ASSET_KEY, null, NETWORK_CODE);
        case LIVE_DASH:
          // Live DASH stream request.
          return sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(TEST_DASH_ASSET_KEY, null, NETWORK_CODE);
        case VOD_HLS:
          // VOD HLS request.
          request =
              sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(
                  TEST_HLS_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID, TEST_HLS_VIDEO_ID, null, NETWORK_CODE);
          request.setFormat(StreamFormat.HLS);
          return request;
        case VOD_DASH:
          // VOD DASH request.
          request =
              sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(
                  TEST_DASH_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID, TEST_DASH_VIDEO_ID, null, NETWORK_CODE);
          request.setFormat(StreamFormat.DASH);
          return request;
      }
      // Content type not selected.
      return null;
    }
    
  4. 此外,您还需要一个 VideoStreamPlayer 来播放音频流,因此请添加 createVideoStreamPlayer() 方法,该方法会创建一个实现 VideoStreamPlayer 的匿名类。

    private VideoStreamPlayer createVideoStreamPlayer() {
      return new VideoStreamPlayer() {
        @Override
        public void loadUrl(String url, List<HashMap<String, String>> subtitles) {
          videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(url);
          videoPlayer.play();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void pause() {
          // Pause player.
          videoPlayer.pause();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void resume() {
          // Resume player.
          videoPlayer.play();
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getVolume() {
          // Make the video player play at the current device volume.
          return 100;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void addCallback(VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
          playerCallbacks.add(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void removeCallback(VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
          playerCallbacks.remove(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onAdBreakStarted() {
          // Disable player controls.
          videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
          log("Ad Break Started\n");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onAdBreakEnded() {
          // Re-enable player controls.
          if (videoPlayer != null) {
            videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
          }
          log("Ad Break Ended\n");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onAdPeriodStarted() {
          log("Ad Period Started\n");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onAdPeriodEnded() {
          log("Ad Period Ended\n");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void seek(long timeMs) {
          // An ad was skipped. Skip to the content time.
          videoPlayer.seekTo(timeMs);
          log("seek");
        }
    
        @Override
        public VideoProgressUpdate getContentProgress() {
          return new VideoProgressUpdate(
              videoPlayer.getCurrentPositionMs(), videoPlayer.getDuration());
        }
      };
    }
    
  5. 实现所需的监听器并添加对错误处理的支持。

    请注意 AdErrorListener 实现,因为它会在广告无法播放时调用后备网址。由于内容和广告位于同一个视频流中,因此您必须准备好在 DAI 视频流遇到错误时调用后备视频流。

    /** AdErrorListener implementation */
    @Override
    public void onAdError(AdErrorEvent event) {
      log(String.format("Error: %s\n", event.getError().getMessage()));
      // play fallback URL.
      log("Playing fallback Url\n");
      videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(fallbackUrl);
      videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
      videoPlayer.play();
    }
    
    /** AdEventListener implementation */
    @Override
    public void onAdEvent(AdEvent event) {
      switch (event.getType()) {
        case AD_PROGRESS:
          // Do nothing or else log will be filled by these messages.
          break;
        default:
          log(String.format("Event: %s\n", event.getType()));
          break;
      }
    }
    
    /** AdsLoadedListener implementation */
    @Override
    public void onAdsManagerLoaded(AdsManagerLoadedEvent event) {
      streamManager = event.getStreamManager();
      streamManager.addAdErrorListener(this);
      streamManager.addAdEventListener(this);
      streamManager.init();
    }
    
    /** Sets fallback URL in case ads stream fails. */
    void setFallbackUrl(String url) {
      fallbackUrl = url;
    }
    
  6. 添加用于日志记录的代码。

    /** Sets logger for displaying events to screen. Optional. */
    void setLogger(Logger logger) {
      this.logger = logger;
    }
    
    private void log(String message) {
      if (logger != null) {
        logger.log(message);
      }
    }
  7. 修改 videoplayerapp 中的 MyActivity 以实例化并调用 SampleAdsWrapper。另外,在此处使用辅助方法调用 ImaSdkFactory.initialize() 以创建 ImaSdkSettings 实例。

    package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;
    
    import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.res.Configuration;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.ImageButton;
    import android.widget.ScrollView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkSettings;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
    
    /** Main Activity that plays media using {@link SampleVideoPlayer}. */
    @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
    /* @SuppressLint is needed for new media3 APIs. */
    public class MyActivity extends Activity {
    
      private static final String DEFAULT_STREAM_URL =
          "https://storage.googleapis.com/interactive-media-ads/media/bbb.m3u8";
      private static final String APP_LOG_TAG = "ImaDaiExample";
      private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
      private static ImaSdkSettings imaSdkSettings;
    
      protected SampleVideoPlayer sampleVideoPlayer;
      protected ImageButton playButton;
    
      private boolean contentHasStarted = false;
    
      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
    
        // Initialize the IMA SDK as early as possible when the app starts. If your app already
        // overrides Application.onCreate(), call this method inside the onCreate() method.
        // https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/vitals/launch-time#app-creation
        ImaSdkFactory.getInstance().initialize(this, getImaSdkSettings());
    
        View rootView = findViewById(R.id.videoLayout);
        sampleVideoPlayer =
            new SampleVideoPlayer(rootView.getContext(), rootView.findViewById(R.id.playerView));
        sampleVideoPlayer.enableControls(false);
        playButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.playButton);
        final SampleAdsWrapper sampleAdsWrapper =
            new SampleAdsWrapper(this, sampleVideoPlayer, rootView.findViewById(R.id.adUiContainer));
        sampleAdsWrapper.setFallbackUrl(DEFAULT_STREAM_URL);
    
        final ScrollView scrollView = findViewById(R.id.logScroll);
        final TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.logText);
    
        sampleAdsWrapper.setLogger(
            logMessage -> {
              Log.i(APP_LOG_TAG, logMessage);
              if (textView != null) {
                textView.append(logMessage);
              }
              if (scrollView != null) {
                scrollView.post(() -> scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN));
              }
            });
    
        // Set up play button listener to play video then hide play button.
        playButton.setOnClickListener(
            view -> {
              if (contentHasStarted) {
                sampleVideoPlayer.play();
              } else {
                contentHasStarted = true;
                sampleVideoPlayer.enableControls(true);
                sampleAdsWrapper.requestAndPlayAds();
              }
              playButton.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            });
        orientVideoDescription(getResources().getConfiguration().orientation);
      }
    
  8. 添加 getImaSdkSettings() 辅助方法以创建 ImaSdkSettings 实例。

    public static ImaSdkSettings getImaSdkSettings() {
      if (imaSdkSettings == null) {
        imaSdkSettings = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance().createImaSdkSettings();
        imaSdkSettings.setPlayerType(PLAYER_TYPE);
        // Set any additional IMA SDK settings here.
      }
      return imaSdkSettings;
    }
  9. 修改 activity 的布局文件 activity_my.xml,以添加用于日志记录的界面元素。

    <!-- UI element for viewing SDK event log -->
    <ScrollView
        android:id="@+id/logScroll"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.5"
        android:padding="5dp"
        android:background="#DDDDDD">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/logText"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        </TextView>
    </ScrollView>

恭喜!现在,您正在 Android 应用中请求并展示视频广告。如需微调您的实现,请参阅书签SnapbackAPI 文档

问题排查

如果您在播放视频广告时遇到问题,请尝试下载已完成的 BasicExample。如果它在 BasicExample 中可以正常运行,则您的应用的 IMA 集成代码可能存在问题。

如果仍有问题,请访问 IMA SDK 论坛